Operation and Project Management Report - Sainsbury & Portakabin

This project report delves into operation and project management, using Sainsbury and Portakabin as key case studies. Part 1 analyzes Sainsbury, a major UK supermarket chain, covering operation management principles, continuous improvement plans, and recommendations for operational improvements. It examines the differences between operations management and operations, critically reviews the implementation of operations management principles, and evaluates how these principles meet organizational requirements. The report also assesses continuous improvement plans based on critiques of business operation management principles and suggests recommendations to improve operational functions. Part 2 focuses on Portakabin, a modular building innovator, exploring its Yorkon Building System (YBS). This section explains the importance of new products, including target market and cost-benefit analysis, evaluates project life cycle stages, and develops a work breakdown structure (WBS) and Gantt chart. It also discusses project methodologies, tools, and leadership required within the project, along with secondary research on the effectiveness of the project life cycle, cost-saving techniques, quality assurance, and the application of theories across different project scales. The report concludes with a critical evaluation of the prepared project life cycle and offers recommendations for improving operational efficiencies and project success.

Operation and Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
1. Overview of selected organization for this project..................................................................1
2. Operations management v/s Operation....................................................................................1
3. Critically review the implementation of operations management principle in context of
organization..................................................................................................................................2
4. Analyse that how operation management meet the requirement of organization....................2
5. Evaluate continuous improvement plan which based on critique of operation management
principle of business....................................................................................................................3
6. Provide suitable recommendation which improve operation functions in details...................4
PART 2............................................................................................................................................4
Primary Research ............................................................................................................................4
1. Overview of Portakabin case study..........................................................................................4
2. Explain the importance of new product which include target market and cost benefit
analysis of the project..................................................................................................................5
3. Evaluate Each stages of project life cycle (PLC) in context of Portakabin case study...........5
4. Work Breakdown structure for new product...........................................................................6
5. Produce Gantt chart which is based on WBS and completion time frame..............................7
6. Use of project methodology, tools or leadership required within project................................8
Secondary Research.........................................................................................................................9
a. Effectiveness of Project life cycle (PLC) by using appropriate theories.................................9
b. Explain that why designing & implementing PLC is important to execute for the success of
this case study..............................................................................................................................9
c. Incorporation of cost saving Techniques in PLC...................................................................10
d. Different techniques which could be used to ensure quality, scope and tenure in project
implementation..........................................................................................................................10
e. Critical analysis of the way in which different theories, concepts and models could be used
between large and small scale projects......................................................................................10

f. Critical evaluation of PLC which have been prepared...........................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Operation and project management is the process which help manager to improve their
business operation performances. It is design for the better understanding of student and make
them capable to production of goods & services by using quantitative methods (Ajam, 2014).
Every project is different from another one, so they requirement different treatment for the
completion of task or get success to achieve their goals & objectives. This report presented into
two parts where first part include Sainsbury company another part based on the case study of
Portakabin. Sainsbury is the UK's most leading multinational company which have largest chain
of supermarkets.
This project report cover various topics such as operation management principle,
continuous improvement plan, some theories and concepts which helps in providing effective
results in the business operations. Along with this, explain case study, its importance and project
life cycle in context of Portakabin. Develop WBS, Gantt Chart and justify some methodology
which used in implementing Project Life Cycle (PLC). In addition, it includes the effectiveness
of PLC, cost saving techniques, other methods to ensure qualities etc.
MAIN BODY
PART 1
1. Overview of selected organization for this project
Sainsbury is an UK based supermarket chain which acquire 15.3 % share of supermarket
sector. Company founded in 1869 by John James Sainsbury and it become the largest retailer
company of groceries in 1922. In 1995, its biggest competitor TESCO overtook the market and
become market leaders (Sainsbury Plc, 2019). After this, ASDA become the second largest
company in the UK in 2003. Sainsbury remain on third position so they try to merge with their
competitors in order to capture market and become leader.
2. Operations management v/s Operation
Operations management Operation
It is the process which focus on planning,
organizing, monitoring in context of
production. Manager focus on delivery and
It means managing internal work which
provide efficiency as well as effectiveness
(Amusan and Bamisile, 2014). On along with
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ensure that organization successfully convert
their input into output. Basically, convert raw
material into finished goods and timely deliver
to their customers. For example: Sainsbury
purchase products and placed in their stores to
sell directly to their customers and meet their
expectation (Walker and et.al., 2014.).
this, it also include some strategic planning in
order to improve their production level as well
as output. In context of Sainsbury, project
manager of the company manage all
operational process which required planning in
order to get successful results.
3. Critically review the implementation of operations management principle in context of
organization
In context of Sainsbury, Operation manager of the company implement various principle
which helps in providing high profitability due to high production. It also make sure that, daily
adjustment in the business operations will support the organizational goals and will be done with
the help of deep analysis. Some of principle discussed below:
Reality: Operation management need to focus on problem which occur in business
operations rather than focusing on implementing new techniques (Principle of Operation
Management, 2019). Operation manager of Sainsbury have to identify problem first and then
analyse and implement appropriate techniques to resolve it. For example: If demand of
Saunsbury's products reduce then manager have to identify why and it can be possible due to low
quality or high price of goods. So under this principle business have to identify the actual reason
behind the changes.
Organization: In the business, all process are interconnected so Sainsbury's manager
have to ensure that each function done properly and achieve their target in the given time frame
(Carbonara, Costantino and Pellegrino, 2014). They need to predict all elements and consist in
order to achieve same outcome in context of production and profit margin. For example: work
should be completed as per given time frame because it helps in achieving business goals &
objectives.
Accountability: In context of Sainsbury, managers set a bunch of rules & regulation
which define individual responsibility. Along with this, it helps in analysing that goals are met or
not. Regular review will helps in maintaining their performance and analyse their efforts. In
Sainsbury company, each and every person have to be accountable for each action such as
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manager have to be responsible for their decisions or activities which they done for the purpose
of achieving operational task.
Above Operation management principle help in maintaining business operation and
improve the manufacturing performance of Sainsbury.
Taylor’s theory of Scientific Management:
Under this approach organization find the best or most effective way of completing their
job. Goal of this scientific management is to complete their task by using best way which helps
in maximising profitability with lower efforts. In context of Sainsbury, manager follow this
approach and make sure that it positively impact the production where they did not value human
needs. As per the assumption of this approach, workers only motivated with pay or monetary
terms and it is closely related to the autocratic leadership style. Because here manager give
command to their employees regarding what to do, in order to fulfil their task. According to this
approach, workers do not enjoy their work so manager have to motivate them by giving
monetary benefits. So manager of Sainsbury have to breakdown the work into small jobs and
monitor it. They also provide training to improve standards and pay them according to their
productivity.
4. Analyse that how operation management meet the requirement of organization
Main objective of operation management is to focus on that area which required
improvement. So principle of operation management provide essential solutions in order to meet
requirement of organization and helps in achieving business goals & objectives. Below mention
discussed based on the statement that how operation management helps in meeting business
requirement:
 In context of Sainsbury, they need to done various efforts to minimise manufacturing cost
of products. For this they have to use reality principle where they have to focus on
problem such as increase product cost which reduce the demand due to high price iof
product. Operations manager have to identify the reason of increasing cost and then
implement appropriate strategy for effective outcomes from the operations. So manager
of the company can adopt lean principle in order to minimise their product cost which
increase the margin of sale.
 It is very important to adopt effective technique because it further impact the production
and other process (Han and Golparvar-Fard, 2014). Because in the organization, all
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elements are interconnected which further impact production as well as profitability.
Project manager of Sainsbury should adopt six sigma approach to detect or reduce error
from the business operations and perform in order to achieve business goals & objectives.
 By using accountability principle, operation manager develop various strategy and try to
implement in effective manner which provide desired outcomes. Manager of Sainsbury
make sure that worker are well aware about every rule & regulation which helps them to
fulfil their responsibility.
5. Evaluate continuous improvement plan which based on critique of operation management
principle of business
Continuously improvement plan is a set of instruction which design for the ongoing
improvement in the business operations. It helps in improving product, process or services which
they further going to offer their customer (Han and Golparvar-Fard, 2014). After implementing
this plan, it helps the operation manager of Sainsbury to review, measure and develop further
actions to achieve desired outcomes. Company adopt this plan in order to improve efficiency of
business operations within specific time frame. In context of Sainsbury organization, in order to
improve business operation manager should adopt various principle of operation management
such as reality, accountability, change etc. Along with this, manager have to develop strategies
regarding cost reduction and improve quality. All these actions will use to enhance customer
relation by using customer relation management (CRM) software. It is used to provide effective
customer services as well as used for continuous improvement for organisation.
Lean principle is the methodology which used by the organization in order to improve
business operations through minimising product cost which is not relevant. This principle
include five aspects such as define value, mapping, create flow, establish pull and pursuit
perfection. These principles helps in improving overall production as well as profitability.
It is the continues improvement plan in context of Sainsbury which helps in improving
overall performance of the production.
BASIS CURRENT METHODOLOGIES PROPOSED
METHODOLOGIES
Cost Management Principle of reality currently used by
Sainsbury in order to analyse actual
Further organization identify their
problem and then compare with
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problem and them implement
effective strategy to resolve the
problem.
other business. Evaluate that how
they resolve same problems. If
their methodology is better then
implement it.
Quality Main objective of this principle is to
improve quality of work which
increase efficiency and demand
among the customers (Han, Lee and
Park, 2014).
In order to maintain quality for
work, they have to manage internal
operations with the help of just in
time approach. On the other hand,
build effective relation with
suppliers.
Delivery Delivery process need to change
because they have to provide options
which is suitable for customers.
Delivery will done as per the time
which suits customers.
In other to deliver product by using
roadway. They can enhance
through providing fastest delivery
option by using airway. Also
provide one day delivery option.
6. Provide suitable recommendation which improve operation functions in details
 In order to perform existing task, Sainsbury need to innovate something new which
provide provide them huge success and able to make market leader.
 Due to high product cost, company have to follow just in time method to reduce wastage
and minimise the cost of product.
PART 2
Primary Research
1. Overview of Portakabin case study
Portakabin is a UK based leading modular building innovator company from last 50 years
and already serve in 6 counties. More then 1300 people work under this company and they deal
in B2B business. Company operate in both sector such as secondary and tertiary where they hire
variety of modular building. Recently Portakabin launch a new project which called Yorkon
Building System (YBS).
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2. Explain the importance of new product which include target market and cost benefit analysis
of the project
Business case:
Basis Description
Importance For Portakabin company have to maintain quality of their buildings
and spend enough time to develop products. It is very important to
innovate new product and sell in the market for the use of its
customers. It is market oriented business where they have to identify
their customer and their need as well in the future.
Target market Company target building industry and targeted modular building
market with the help of effective marketing strategy (Ivanov, Masson
and Belloni, 2016). With the help of market research, company able
to identify potential customers of their business.
Cost benefit analysis This analysis help Portakabin to analyse their decision regarding
Yorkon Building System (YBS). Before implementing this plan they
have to estimate overall cost as well as provide benefits in terms of
revenue.
Importance of new project:
Yorkon Building System project primary provide the economic advantage where it
beneficial in economy of scale in manufacturing. It is new technology based company Portakabin
which dis-mental or re-use the building. Lau8nching this project increase the employment in the
nation and increase awareness regarding new technology in front of the world. Company target
the construction sector which include schools, office building and large farm houses. Project
manager will done cost benefit analysis so they have to select most appropriate option which
provide them low cost and high profit margin.
3. Evaluate Each stages of project life cycle (PLC) in context of Portakabin case study
Project life cycle: It is the phase where every project have to go through from initiation
to closer of project (Project Life Cycle, 2019). In context of new project of Portakabin that is
Yorkon Building System (YBS) go through with theses stages and it is mentioned below:
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Initiation: This stage include the development of charter which included all the activities
which required to perform for the successful completion of this project. Project manager need to
develop business case where they identify target market, cost benefits analysis and other
opportunities. Project manager have to identify the problems such as financial, regarding
resource allocation etc. In context of new project of Portakabin, project manager have to develop
business case and complete feasible study before implementing any actions. Manager conduct
huge study about construction industry and their competitors actions.
Planning: In this stage, manager have to develop project plan where they identify time
and visualizing the project with the help of diagram. In the Yorkon Building System project,
manager have to develop budget & financial plan which helps in estimating cost of spending on
each activity. Along with this, anticipating risk and potential quality which can impact YBS
project. On the basis of these information, manager develop strategy to mitigate these risk in
order to successfully complete this project. In context of Yorkon Building System project,
manager of the company produce project plan which include the budget for each activity,
financial plan and estimate the future risk. Along with this, they done cost benefit analysis to
select best alternate of their spendings.
Execution: In this phase, project manager of divide human forces as per the activities
they have to perform. At the time of executing plan for Yorkon Building System project they
develop different teams for different task. Project manger provide proper briefing to the team
members regarding task (Johnstone, 2016). Along with this, regularly communicate with them
and analyse their performance on regular basis. At the end, manager monitor the quality of work
and manage budget which is very important because they have to complete this project under the
decided amount. In this step, project manager of Portakabin monitor the whole project and
provide feedback regarding any changes which required to follow in order to achieve project
goals & objectives.
Closure: After successful completion of project, manager deliver the output and release
the resources which used in the completion of project (Serrano, Delorme and Dolgui, 2017). In
the end, manager have to perform various task such as evaluating each employees performance
and analyse that perform as per the requirement or not. At the end of project manager have to
done post project analysis, financial close out and review the whole project through self analysis.
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4. Work Breakdown structure for new product
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS): It is a part of project management where they
divide project structure into various components in order to successful completion. It help in
managing task in effective manner and increase the changes of achieving project goals &
objectives. Below mention WBS based on Yorkon Building System project of Portakabin
company.
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5. Produce Gantt chart which is based on WBS and completion time frame
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