Unit 4: Operational Management: Approaches, Factors, and Decisions

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of operational management, examining various approaches such as Business Process Management (BPM), Six Sigma, Just in Time (JIT), Total Quality Management (TQM), and Lean methodologies. It analyzes their application within an organization, emphasizing their roles in enhancing efficiency and productivity. The report further investigates the significance of operational management, highlighting its crucial role in product production, consumer satisfaction, and building a strong reputation within the industry. It also identifies key internal and external factors, including Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), organizational culture, sustainability, and social and legal factors, that influence business operations and the decision-making processes of managers and leaders. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of effective communication, change management, and the continuous improvement of operational strategies to meet consumer needs and achieve business objectives. The report references several academic sources to support its findings.

Unit 4: Management and Operations
Guidance

INTRODUCTION
Operational management is consider as a significant component regarding manufacturing
operations as it vital to assures that an entity have a strong operations management process. It
is vital to understand the significance of operational management so that to accomplish much
more by key areas as well as they can be improved or increased.
Present PPT focuses on Approaches of Operational management. Importance of operational
management and factors which affect on business operations and decision making of manager
and leader.

P4 Approaches of Operational management
It has been analysed that there are various approaches of operation management. they are applied by
organisation on basis of their needs. the purpose is same as it enables in improving efficiency and
increasing productivity. Each approach works on different concept and impact differently on organisation
operations. thus, they are defined as below :
BPM is considered as a methodology of constantly improving, analyzing as well as automation processes.
Operational managers needs to do constant lookout for potential improvements. So that putting something
to practice that must generate an idea regarding BPM life cycle. it enables in entire operational process and
finding out areas for improvement. through that, entire new operational process is developed.

CONT..
Six sigma- It basically highlights on manufacturing process as the idea behind is decreases
defect rates. Or in other words it is considered as a method that provides organizational tools
to increase abilities regarding process of business.
It enhances within performance as well as decline within the process variation leads to
improves within employee morale, profits as well as quality of goods as well as services. Six
sigma is considered as a term that used to pointed a process that can be well controlled.

CONT
Just in time- It is considered as a response to the nation's limited natural resources and
having little room regarding wastage. It can be used through many business as it has impacted
based on the lean inventory management that are be more appealing for the retailers.
It enables them to sell the goods before purchasing it and after that purchase the items from
the third part and then shipped directly to the consumers. it has a drastic impact on
productivity as products are manufactured only when it is ordered. thus, it reduces inventory,
labor cost, etc.

CONT..
 TQM- It is one of the process that focuses on error detecting as well as reduces the errors
that are associated manufacturing, chain system, assuring employees the workers to
enhance their performance of training. It is noticed that the main goal of the Tqm is to
increase total output of the Tesco that involves several products and services of the entity.
 The tqm approach is also focusing of the internal priorities and entity's standard in the
place. Here the principles include within the process are consumer focused, integrated
system, involvement of the employees. Here managers are the personalities who identifies
errors as well as weak areas and after that also recognizes mistakes and at the same time
makes some development plan where role of the leaders is plan out and brings several
continuous changes within activities.

CONT..
Lean – it is an approach to reduce waste in manufacturing of products. this is done by
applying some tools in it and then eliminating waste from operational process. however, there
are various tools applied in it that are value stream mapping, 5S, etc. through waste
management, efficiency is also enhanced. this is useful in controlling waste and increasing
flow of production.
 Thus, in tesco these all approaches can be applied which will help in increasing
efficiency of operations. Moreover, waste can be reduced or eliminated from it. thus, it will led
to cost reduction and rising of profits.

P5 Importance of operational management
 Operational management plays a significant role within handling various issues such as
maintenance, design and operations that can be utilized for the product's production. It is
focused that manufacturing of raw materials within end products makes selling them that
is vital for operational management.
 Satisfaction of consumers is also considered as one of the key production as well as sales
because of the quality management teams focuses on product's quality as it will ensures
that the needs of the consumers can be fulfilled.

CONT
 It ensures that quality management enables services as well as goods into account as it is
considered that there are around 2 aspects such as reliability as well as durability that
impacts the product delivery services that ensures the consumer's trust.
 As increased consumer satisfaction and product quality will provides a firm to a reputation
within similar industries. Reputation of entity also attract large audiences and also
expands its market share as all of them leads to enhance revenue. Overall it also leads to
firm continues grown and revenue also increases.

CONT..
 Operational managers assures that staff members know their roles within firm as it is vital
because staff member feels out left or demotivated as if they are not becoming the
contributing part of the firm within a more meaningful way. As operations managers aids
to define roles to assures that the goods are maximized as well as efficient.


P6 Factors which impact on business operations and decision making of leader and
manager
It is identified that there are many factors which impact on business operations. these
factors may exist either internal or external. It also impact on decision making of leader as
well as manager. so, it is necessary to find out those factors and analyse it so that according
manager are able to take decision. thus the factors are described below :

CONT..
 CSR is factor which affect on business operations. this is because any change in CSR
policy forces business to change their operations. CSR influences the Tesco to attract the
top talent as well as affects the job satisfaction of the employees as well as retention rates
of the staff members of Tesco. With the help of the social media has also influenced the
importance regarding social responsibility as various firms that used the unethical
businesses practices. hence, manager and leader has to take decision in order to maintain
CSR practices and policy in tesco. they have to modify operational process to maintain
CSR practices.