Analysis of Operations and Supply Chain with Emerging Technologies

This report analyzes the impact of emerging technologies, particularly cloud computing, on operations and supply chain management. It examines how companies like FINRA are leveraging cloud services to enhance data processing, reduce costs, and improve efficiency. The report discusses the shift from traditional IT infrastructure to cloud-based systems, highlighting the changes in software development, data security, and the need for new skill sets. It also explores the significance of corporate strategic planning and business performance management, emphasizing the integration of growth strategies, innovation, and execution. The analysis includes the use of tools like PESTLE, Porter's Five Forces, SWOT, and value chain analysis to assess both the external and internal environments of an organization. The report concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrating technologies and processes to achieve optimal business outcomes.

Running head: OPERATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN
Operations and supply chain
Name of the student
Name of the university
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1OPERATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN
1.1 Emerging technologies and its impact
Cloud computing is having a remarkable impact on all the industry and is one of the
biggest breakthroughs in the information technology systems in the past decade. Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) started their plan of moving to the Amazon Cloud
(Wamba et al. 2015). FINRA started moving their extremely critical systems in to the
Amazon Cloud system. They were able to move their whole processes into the Amazon
Cloud and now they are able to monitor and record the daily events in the New York Stock
Exchange very easily. The company is able to record about 75 billion individual events on a
daily basis, which is a remarkable achievement for the organization. The organization has
been able to reduce the cost of storage by implementing the Amazon cloud service and has
been able to store trillions of data, which may account to around 20 petabytes of data
(Provost and Fawcett 2013).
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission are the primary regulators of the stock
market and the new rules set by the government will require FINRA to collect and analyze
more amounts of data. This is the very reason that FINRA will be trying to adopt to Amazon
cloud computing system which will help the organization to reduce the cost of storage and
increase the storage capacity. The organization initially sort help of many consultants and
vendors who provided such services, but most of them tried to convinced the organization
that it is impossible to manage a database of such magnitude on a private platform (Kraska
2013.). There are four major impacts of the public cloud service on FINRA and it is based on
the principles of the organization. These major factors are self-sufficiency, open source,
public vs. private cloud and customization. FINRA was able to develop an in house system,
which as able to manage the Amazon Web Services without any vendors and consultants (Cai
and Zhu 2015). This has helped to reduce the overall cost of the organization significantly.

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The company has developed a public cloud system, which could be challenging, as it is
difficult to manage a platform of such magnitude. The company developed an open source
database, which will help them to avoid licensing, and it is based on the Hive and HBase. The
organization customized the platform according to their needs that reduced cost of shifting
the system into a new cloud database (Kuner et al. 2012).
FINRA has incorporated most of the available features of the Amazon cloud services.
They are using the Elastic Container Services instead of the EC2 virtual machines. The
organization uses a private cloud database and uses a direct connection for networking (Chen,
Mao and Liu 2014). This shows that the organization has made immense changes to the
database, which will suit their own need. FINRA has been able to do away with the
proprietary infrastructure and has enabled them to facilitate the processing of the huge
number of data. This also helped the organization to store huge chunk of data very
conveniently at a minimal cost (Ularu et al. 2012). The improvement in the new system is far
more superior to the old system and the improvement in the system is exponential in nature.
The organization is able to do their entire task in mere seconds, which will save them a lot of
time and work load. The new system has been able to transform the whole organization; the
new system is as such it will be able to absorb flash-crashes and other adverse market
situations. The system will automatically spin up thousands of nodes to take them offline and
the security of the cloud-based system is far more superior to the normal systems (Dubey et
al. 2016).
Order Audit Trail System (OATS) is an automated system, which is used to store and
record data relating to orders. The information about all the equities that had been sold on the
NASDAQ is recorded using the OATS system. This is a system, which will simplify the
overall process starting from the initial receipt to the execution of the procedure. This device
helps in tracking of the all the market instruments so that it can be easily audited afterwards.

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FINRA has incorporated this system in to their organization, which is helping the
organization to recreate events in order lifecycles and monitoring of all the stocks and the
equities in the market.
1.2 Affect of the emerging technologies on existing technologies
The traditional information system approach was to buy hardware, servers, license
and installation of software. This traditional process was time consuming and costly as it
required deployment cycles that are long and infrastructure demands. However, with the
emergence of the cloud based system the whole scenario of the information technology
system has changed drastically (Cai and Zhu 2015.). The old processes and the systems have
become redundant, as other effective ways have been developed which will easily virtualizes
the information technology system. The internet applications can also be accessed by the
other new technological methods. This has significantly reduced the cost of hardware that
were used for developing and maintaining of the servers. However, the numbers of
components that are being moved in to the cloud by the majority of the companies are a
handful. Initially the companies had to understand the advantages of using cloud computing
so that it can be integrated in to the system of the organization by customizing it according to
the needs of the organization (Kuner et al. 2012). The implementation of the cloud computing
system in to the business model of the organization is tough, as the organization would have
to modify their business model to accommodate the inclusion. This has increased the demand
of the new specialists who can monitor and apply the changes without any problem. The
ways of creating and developing the application have changed and the software developers
have to adjust to the new ways of using the cloud server. The applications are move to the
public or the private cloud so the companies will have to change their ways of delivering

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applications. The support staffs that were required in the traditional system have now become
unnecessary and so the need for support staffs has decreased significantly (Kraska 2013).
The biggest change of it all is that the data has lost its physical control and are being
stored in data centres provided by the vendors. The safety of the data has increased and safer
in the cloud servers. The cloud providers have security experts who maintain software and
hardware to protect the data of the client from any breach. There is no specific standardized
software for the cloud and the companies modify the software to customize it according to
their needs (Provost and Fawcett 2013). The numbers of software application that are
available in the open market are in millions. There is need for integration among the service
providers and other applications, which are similar and belong to the rival organization.
Integration is the new need where the companies will be streamlining the multi company
project to make the work collaborative. These aspects are important for organization show
have formed an collaboration and without the use of the integration there will be problems in
security of data, lapses in production and there will be failure in the communication system of
the organizations. The hybrid Cloud services have become popular, as this is a service that
provide most favourable means for meeting the regulatory conformity for the organization.
However, installation and managing of this hybrid servers is expensive and only 27% of the
organization have the resources for fully accommodating the cloud based servers (Ularu et al.
2012). The cloud computing system has allowed all the individual use their own customized
applications and so it difficult to monitor and secure the data. Thus, the companies are using
third party cloud solution, which consist of security apps that will monitor and protect the
data from any unwanted breach.
Cloud computing is one of essential requirements for development of flexible
workplace. The employees are using technology advanced devices to access the data
remotely and cloud will facilitate in collaboration, competitive gains and trade. The

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companies will be able to provide the employees with flexibility, which will help in
increasing the productivity in the organization (Dubey et al. 2016). This had lead to the
emergence of cloud brokerage services, which will facilitate in providing the organizations
with ideal cloud service provider for the organization. These cloud brokerage services have
gained popularity due to the need for integration in the hybrid models and there has been
rapid growth in this market. This has helped the organization in adaptation of the BYOD, big
data and services related to mobility, which is acting as a catalyst in the growth of the Cloud
Brokerage Services (Provost and Fawcett 2013). This has to lead to the emergence of the
SaaS solutions that has been perfectly incorporated in the digital system. This will ensure full
integration fo the applications and software without any leaks and breaks. DaaS offers the
organization with the support to companies to make choices that cost efficient and will
provide the organization with a competitive advantage in the market. FINRA has been able to
incorporate the OATS system with their private cloud system, which has improved the ability
of the OATS system. The tracking of complex data and recording it has become very easy for
the organization and the tasks that would take a time of at least five to seven hours can be
solved in seconds and minutes.
2.1 Corporate strategic planning process
Business performance does not consider the business in different level but considers
the business as a whole, which helps in identifying the performance of the organization. The
performance of the individual will also affect the performance of the company. The
incorporation of the business performance management along with the corporate strategic
planning will provide the organization with the opportunity of meeting the target (Agus and
Shukri Hajinoor 2012). The business performance management is continuously making
progress in providing positive impact to the key indicators of business. The strategic

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planning will help to outline the key indicators, which will help in enhancing the business
performance. The strategic planning process is the tool, which will facilitate the organization
to make improvement in the business performance management. The strategic planning is an
tool which will define the key changes in the key indicator of the organization in order to
positively impact the performance of the organization. Corporate strategic planning will help
in identifying the goals and the ways of achieving the target (Hammer 2015).
Business performance management in an organization will consist of growth strategy,
innovation and better execution and these three important factors will have to be incorporated
in to the strategic planning of the organization to maintain their sustainability. The corporate
strategic planning consist of various tools which can be used for accessing the market
conditions and as well as the internal environment of the organization. The macro
environment analysis helps to identify the external factors, which will affect the operations
and sustainability of the organization (Rasula, Vuksic and Stemberger 2012). This may
include PESTLE analysis, which will help in the identification of macro environmental
factors. Porter’s five forces and the value chain analysis can be used for analysing the internal
environment of the organization. The external environment cannot be controlled by the
organization but if the organization is able to identify the factors that may affect the
performance then they will be able to mitigate the risk factors by being prepared for it. The
internal analysis of the organization includes the SWOT analysis, which will help in
identification of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threat of organization. The
identification of these factors will help the organization in formulating future strategies to
achieve the goals and objectives of the organization (Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012).
Business intelligence is a tool, which is collect, store, access and analyzes the data to
make improvements that will help the organization make better choices. The business
intelligence is a tool, which helps the organization to set their corporate strategies, and at the

7OPERATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN
same time will help to change the existing strategies according to the changes in the market.
The business intelligence tool will be used by the organization to monitor the progress of the
strategic plan and to measure the key performance indicators of the organization. the
organization will be able to select sophisticated KPIs by combing different datasets of the
corporate organization ((Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). The business intelligence system
will help the organization to use an automated device to monitor the KPIs and make
appropriate changes in the strategic planning of the organization. This tool will help in the
reduction of the cost and time taken for analysis and execution of the strategic plan of the
organization. Business intelligence is a guiding tool for creating a successful management
strategy and create the desired performance. Business performance management acts as a
junction for business intelligence and corporate strategic planning as both these tool are used
by the organization to achieve the common goals that is to increase the productivity and
hence maintaining the sustainability of the organization. The use of business intelligence for
developing the corporate strategy of the organization has been adapted by most of the
organization as it helps in forecasting the future market trends and formulation of effective
strategies as a means of counter measure for the future uncertainties (Prajogo and Olhager
2012).

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2.2 BI System formulation and Architecture
Figure 1
(Source: Prajogo and Olhager 2012)

9OPERATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN
Figure 2
(Source: Meng 2012)
The goals and objectives of a company have to be clearly set in order to implement
the business intelligence framework. The goals of the organization, which is required for the
proper execution of the business intelligence framework, are trust on a single set of corporate
data, which will to help to make decision based on the facts (Prajogo and Olhager 2012). The
tools should be easy to use which can easily analyze and report data to help the business
achieve better insight to highlight hidden trends and issues. The tools should be able to
identify the trends in a short period of time so that the company can quickly adapt to the
changing trends in the market.
The BI framework that is being developed for an organization could be practical or
conceptual depending upon the needs of the organization. The main advantage of using this
tool is that the organization has the option of modifying the tool according to the scale of the
organization. The large-scale organization will use the tool in a different way where as the
small and the medium scale organization will use it in another way. The majority of the
organizations use a combination of the products, services and vendors to PM solutions and BI
analytics (Meng 2012). The companies with limited amount of resources will use the BI
analytics in a different way. They will be using the framework, which will constitute of
reporting, analysis and planning of the data without the usage of the extensive resources. The
use of effective framework will help an organization to maintain their sustainability in the
organization.
The above pictures show two frameworks one is one for the medium scale
organization and the other is for the large-scale organization. The first framework is less
complicated where the vendors, services and products are not taken in to consideration while

10OPERATION AND SUPPLY CHAIN
in the second framework it is a more complex framework with the usage of extensive
resources. The tool is very easy to use and even novice employees can use it to understand
the market analysis and the trends (Hoogendoorn, Oosterbeek and Van 2013). The
framework wants the users to think like an analyst to make optimum usage of the tool. The
result that is obtained is precise and accurate which helps in making accurate decisions. The
formulation of the strategy for the business can be done at any point of time so that the
strategy can be adjusted according to the upcoming market trends. The organization will have
to change their processes form tactical to strategic planning which would include the
implementation of the business analytical system. The organization will have to make sure
that they maintain the consistency level in all the analytical processes so that the organization
has the common sets of dimensions, business rules and hierarchies (Prajogo and Olhager
2012). The companies can develop the analytics system based on their infrastructure; the
system is flexible enough to be incorporated in to any form of system. A single console,
which is centralised and based on web, can be used for managing all the administrative
activities of deployment, installation and management can be done with a few clicks. The
above two-business system will help a manager to analyze the progress of the organization
and the results of the corporate strategic planning. The system shows how the decision
support system will help the organization in making valuable decisions, this will consist of
both micro and macro decisions of the organizations. The manager will be able to obtain
about both external and internal sources form the data warehouse for interpreting the data.
The manager will be able to do a comparative study of the corporate strategic planning and
business management process with the help of the business intelligence system, which will
help a manager to identify whether the execution of the corporate planning is done in a proper
way.

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The organization will have to define the business process, decision and the analytical
processes and the information infrastructure will have to be defined so that the model can be
execute din a proper way. There is no right framework in business intelligence and the
frameworks change according to the needs of the consumers. This will depend on the
constraints and the objectives of an organization. The use of analytic in the supply chain of
the organization is one of the important aspects and overall operation can be handled
efficiently with the help of the business intelligence (Hoogendoorn, Oosterbeek and Van
Praag 2013). The use of the BI in the operations of the company will help in increasing the
productivity and maintaining the quality of the product. However, the complexity of the
organization increases with the increase in the width of the scope of the organization. The
above framework show show the decision support system has been used to facilitate the
needs of the organization.