An Optimistic Approach to Machine Maintenance in the Paint Industry

This report presents a study on machine maintenance within the paint industry, emphasizing an optimistic approach to address the challenges. The research begins with an abstract and introduction, highlighting the significance of the paint industry and the risks associated with its manufacturing processes. The objectives of the research include analyzing machine maintenance issues, conducting risk assessments, and recommending strategies for risk minimization. A qualitative approach is employed, involving interviews with industry managers and a descriptive research design. The study focuses on identifying risks related to solvents, heat, and worker safety, and proposes risk treatment and mitigation strategies, supported by a risk assessment matrix. The report also addresses the importance of spray booth safety and the implications of inadequate safety measures. The research utilizes ethical considerations and data protection protocols, offering a comprehensive overview of machine maintenance and risk management in the paint industry.

An optimistic approach of machine maintenance in paint industry
Name of the Student
Name of the University

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
Abstract
This research has focused on the machine maintenance in the paint industry. Various
studies in the paint industry have been discussed in the study. The motivation and
significance of the research have been analyzed in the research. The objectives of the
research have been initiated in the first chapter. A qualitative approach has been
taken in the research. Interviews with various managers in the paint industries have
been done in order to collect data. A risk assessment has been done for analyzing
risks and threats in the paint industry. The timeline of the research has been attached
in the study.
1. Introduction
1.1 Motivation
Paints are liquid paste and powder products that are applied to surfaces with
the help of various methods and equipment in layers. These paints and coatings have
been consisting of manufacturers of paints, adhesives and inks (Bui et al., 2016).
Paint industry has been an important industry and act as a part of construction
industry because every construction need to be painted with various paints. These
paints help in protecting from corrosion, weathering and other mechanical damage.
These help in providing decorative function to household furniture, walls and
different parts of house. Paint manufacturers have been ranging from small
operations to hundreds of tons of paint annually to large companies (Schmitt et al.,
2015). There have been great opportunity for paint industry in the market. The
manufacturing of paint have been integrating a number of risks and threats. There
have been major change in the coating industry during last twenty years with the
adoption of new technologies. There have been various solvents used in the
manufacturing of paint including propanol, toluene, xylene, solvent mixtures
including white spirits and chlorinated solvents, methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene (Hong et al., 2017). The risk factors in paint
industry has been maintaining a dangerous effect of the workers in the industry. The
heat and acid used in the paint industry has been creating damage to the humans in
the paint industry.
Maintenance of the machines used in the paint industry is an important aspect
of this research. The maintenance refers to monitoring the system sand machines in
the industry for providing proper performance in the work. The maintenance can be

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
of two types including breakdown maintenance and planned maintenance (Hong et
al., 2017). Breakdown maintenance is done when machines and systems have been
totally in breakdown condition and repair is required. It has been useful for small
industries and factories in the market. In case of planned maintenance, proper experts
and professionals are required for planning and repairing the machines. This type of
maintenance is found in large industries. It require proper skills and knowledge
about the machine for repairing it.
This research has been focused on the risks prevailing in the paint industries.
Paint used to be manufactured with various volatile solvents including aliphatic and
aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols and ketones (Danenas & Garsva, 2015). These
substances can cause headache, euphoria and dizziness. At high concentration,
anesthesia and disturbances in respiratory system can occur to workers in paint
industry and lead to death. This have been very harmful for the life of the workers in
the paint industry.
1.2 Objectives
The main objectives of the research are mentioned below:
 To analyze the issues in the machine maintenance in the paint industry
 To conduct a risk assessment plan for maintaining machine in paint industry
 To recommend strategies for minimizing risks in maintenance of machines in
the paint industry
 To analyze the risk treatment strategies using a risk matrix table
1.3 Significance
The significance of the research is to analyze the machine maintenance in the
paint industry and conduct a risk assessment in order to analysis risks evolving in the
paint industry. Maintenance has been an activity or routine process that helps in
maintaining and monitoring proper condition of machines and systems so that it can
provide better performance.
2. Proposed Approach
The proposed approach for the research will be qualitative approach. The
qualitative approach has helped in maintaining a proper approach in the research.
Descriptive research design will be selected in this study. Descriptive research
design help in describing all the research objectives in the study. The use of the
research design will help in creating a keen approach to the completion of the

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
research (Pham et al., 2017). Data collection has been an important part of the
research. There are two types of data collection method including primary and
secondary data collection method. The primary data collection method helps in
collecting raw data related to the study. Online survey needs to be created using
Google forms for collecting data related to the research topic. The secondary method
of data collection deals with collecting data from interview and online journals. In
this study, secondary method of data collection will be selected. Face to face
interview will be held with managers of paint industries (Malekipirbazari &
Aksakalli, 2015). There will be three interview questions asked to the managers with
subjective answers. Interviews help in collecting authentic data from managers of the
paint industries. The data will be properly validated and reliability test will be done.
Data for the literature review will be collected from online journals, articles and
books related to the research topic. The use of the journals after 2012 and with
proper author name. Data analysis have been of two types including qualitative and
quantitative data analysis. Spray rooms is the name frequently given to rooms that
have been devoted to paint showering, yet it is uncommon for them to be kitted out
just as reason planned shower stalls. Preferably they ought to be built from non-
burnable or possibly fireproof materials. Reason planned shower corners may have
programmed sprinklers for battling fires, however these are less inclined to be
available in changed offices.
It is conceivable to utilize a smoke organizer for a littler size of activity, with
the painter outwardly. Nonetheless, if not explicitly intended for this kind of work,
the framework requires watchful assessment to guarantee that there isn't an
unsuitable danger of flame. A run of the mill seethe pantry isn't typically intended to
dispose of potential start sources, for example, power, and regardless of whether not
quickly obvious, these could exist in the ventilation framework. It may in any case
be essential for the painter to have some type of respiratory security, particularly
where the paints contain asthmagens.
At the point when the showering activity is done with no extraction, a
combustible vapor cloud will grow, maybe notwithstanding inundating the painter.
This just needs to achieve a wellspring of start for a blast to occur. All hot work in
the region would should be counteracted, so start sources are not presented. Indeed,
even a static release could light the combustible vapor and fog. In a legitimate
corner, earthing offices are essential. Staff should wear "against static" shoes and

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
overalls, to forestall static energizes expanding on their bodies. However the floor
ought to have a low resistivity to help with the dissemination of charge.
Another element of shower stalls is that the working of the spray firearm is
interlocked with the ventilation. On the off chance that the ventilation falls flat in
any way, shape or form, at that point the spray ing will naturally be interfered. Once
more, such an element is improbable with extemporized offices. The quantitative
data analysis deals with the data collected from primary data collection method. The
qualitative data analysis deals with data collected from secondary method of data
collection. In this research, qualitative data analysis will be selected. Three themes
will be created based upon objectives of the research (Mesías, M., & Morales, 2016).
The research will use all the ethical consideration under the academic level of
research. Data has been secured under the Data Protection Act 1998. Data and
information has been kept transparent during the data analysis method.
4. Risk Assessment
Risk assessment is method of assessing risks in assessment has been done ion
the maintenance of machinery in the paint industry.
Identification of risk
The identification of risks and threats have been an important part of the
research. There have been incredible open door for paint industry in the market. The
assembling of paint have been coordinating various dangers and dangers. There have
been significant change in the covering business amid most recent twenty years with
the reception of new advancements. There have been different solvents utilized in
the assembling of paint including propanol, toluene, xylene, dissolvable blends
including white spirits and chlorinated solvents, methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene. The hazard factors in paint industry has
been keeping up a perilous impact of the specialists in the business. The warmth and
corrosive utilized in the paint business has been making harm to the people in the
paint business. The dangers related with paints and solvents are poisonous quality
and combustibility. These don't differ, independent of the size of the activity. The
dangers, in any case, do and not really in extent to the amount of synthetic
concoctions utilized.
Risk treatments
The explanation behind this is the expansive scale applications might be
completely mechanized, or if nothing else done in reason planned shower corners (or

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
lodges) via prepared work force wearing high caliber defensive attire and hardware.
Then again, the little s and irregular occupations are here and there performed with
no legitimate offices, and minimal defensive gear. Hazard appraisals must be done in
all conditions, to consent to the Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres
Regulations 2002, and with the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health
Regulations 2002. Solvents contained in paints frequently affect the focal sensory
system, at first causing happiness and after that, with further presentation,
obviousness. The paints may likewise contain different unsafe synthetic concoctions,
for example, chromates, that are cancer-causing, or isocyanates that are respiratory
sensitisers prompting asthma. Advancements in paint plans have, in numerous
different applications, seen the substitution of exceedingly combustible solvents with
fluid definitions, or possibly with less combustible natural solvents. Moreover, the
utilization of numerous poisonous synthetics, for example, lead mixes, has been
disposed of aside from some specific purposes.
In any case, the innovation of spray covering still involves the utilization of
combustible solvents and paints with harmfulness issues, particularly in connection
to asthma. So both the security and soundness of paint sprayers should be
considered. Lamentably, even the utilization of little measures of paint can display a
high hazard in either case, and that is some of the time not increased in value by the
individuals who perform or support work without satisfactory insurances. For
instance, in vehicle body fix work, a drive-in stall might be accessible for respraying
a whole vehicle, however when a little thing is every one of that needs contacting up,
usually to discover the showering being completed somewhere else in the workshop.
Regardless of whether the painter is wearing sufficient respiratory assurance,
partners taking a shot at different assignments in the region might be unsuitably
uncovered.
Risk mitigation strategies
Spray booths are structured fundamentally to extricate the vapors vanishing
from the showered surface, together with any airborne of the paint that remaining
parts in the air. The stream of air can be either from the front to the back of the
corner, or downwards through flame broils in the floor. In either case, the air needs
to supplanted, either by presenting crisp, separated air, or by distribution after
treatment. Paint ought to be spray end toward the extraction. Where the thing is to be

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
showered on more than one side, it helps on the off chance that it is put on a
turntable, so empowering it to be pivoted.
Spray booths are additionally intended to maintain a strategic distance from
wellsprings of start, with gear fueled by compacted air as opposed to by power, and
lighting set behind fixed straightforward boards. Despite the fact that the climatic
convergences of synthetic concoctions can be kept underneath combustibility limits,
it doesn't mean the air is sheltered to inhale; working environment introduction limits
are commonly in parts per million, while LELs are estimated as rates. So paint
sprayers should wear breathing contraption provided with outside air (from a remote
blower or gas chamber) when working in a stall.
Where space imperatives inside workshops block the establishment of a
perpetual stroll in shower stall, a retractable fenced in area is a plausibility. Reason
planned offices combined with air-treatment units are presently accessible (see, for
instance, www.duroair.com). It is not fitting to erect comparable tents without
considering dangers, for example, the imperviousness to fire of the texture.
Timeline
The project will start on 4/16/19. The project will be of 14 weeks and will end on
7/28/19. The first task of the project will be related to initiating and planning of the
project. The paint industry has been an important section for the economy.
Therefore, proper planning and initiation will be dine in the project. After that, the
construction work will be in progress. The construction of industry setup will be
done in following tasks. The maintenance of the new building will be done in the
following tasks. There have been various subtasks involved as shown in the timeline.

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
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logistic regression, and logistic model tree. Landslides, 13(2), 361-378.
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oxygenated volatile organic compounds than monoaromatics emitted from
paint spray booth and risk attenuation by the integrated decontamination
technique. Journal of cleaner production, 148, 268-275.
Danenas, P., & Garsva, G. (2015). Selection of support vector machines based
classifiers for credit risk domain. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(6),
3194-3204.
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(2019). Health risk assessment of exposure to volatile organic compounds
(BTEX) in a painting unit of an automotive industry. Health and Safety at
Work, 8(1), 55-64.
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(2017). A novel hybrid integration model using support vector machines and
random subspace for weather-triggered landslide susceptibility assessment in
the Wuning area (China). Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(19), 652.
Hong, H., Liu, J., Zhu, A. X., Shahabi, H., Pham, B. T., Chen, W., ... & Bui, D. T.
(2017). A novel hybrid integration model using support vector machines and
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the Wuning area (China). Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(19), 652.

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
Malekipirbazari, M., & Aksakalli, V. (2015). Risk assessment in social lending via
random forests. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(10), 4621-4631.
Mesías, M., & Morales, F. J. (2016). Acrylamide in coffee: Estimation of exposure
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Pham, B. T., Bui, D. T., Prakash, I., Nguyen, L. H., & Dholakia, M. B. (2017). A
comparative study of sequential minimal optimization-based support vector
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Schmitt, R., Falk, B., Rüßmann, M., Brecher, C., Herfs, W., & Malik, A. (2015,
September). Risk management across variants requirements and outlook for
an efficient risk assessment of machines. In 2015 IEEE International
Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE) (pp. 206-211). IEEE.
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Lepoittevin, J. P., ... & Johansen, J. D. (2015). Methylisothiazolinone and
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from five E uropean countries. Contact Dermatitis, 72(3), 127-138.
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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
3. Timeline
Task Name Duratio
n Start Finish Predecessors Resource Names
An optimistic
approach of machine
maintenance in paint
industry
77 days Wed
1/31/18
Thu
5/17/18
Topic selection for the
study 1 day Wed
1/31/18
Wed
1/31/18
Project Supervisor,
Researcher
Preparing the layout
for proposal 2 days Thu
2/1/18
Fri
2/2/18 1 Project Supervisor,
Researcher
Design the research
proposal 7 days Mon
2/5/18
Tue
2/13/18 2 Researcher
Literature Review 14 days Wed
2/14/18
Mon
3/5/18 3 Researcher
Developing the proper
methodology for
research
10 days Tue
3/6/18
Mon
3/19/18 4 Researcher
Collection of the
Secondary Data 15 days Tue
3/20/18
Mon
4/9/18 5 Researcher
Analysis of the Data 12 days Tue
4/10/18
Wed
4/25/18 6 Researcher
Collection of findings
from the analysis 5 days Thu
4/26/18
Wed
5/2/18 7 Researcher
Drawing conclusions
from the study 5 days Thu
5/3/18
Wed
5/9/18 8,4 Researcher
Preparation of rough
draft for the study 4 days Thu
5/10/18
Tue
5/15/18 9 Project
Supervisor,Researcher
Review and final
submission of the work 2 days Wed
5/16/18
Thu
5/17/18 10 Researcher

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
Figure 3: Gantt Chart
(Source: Created by Author)

Risk Reference
Risk
(Cause of
risks to be
entered in
italics)
Current Level of Risk Residual Level of Risk Risk Owner
(Responsibl
e Areas are
in italics)
Time Line
for
Completion
of
Additional
Risk
Treatments
Consequences Current Risk
Treatments
Likelihood
Consequence
Risk Level
Ranking
Additional
Risk
Treatments
Likelihood
Consequence
Risk Level
Ranking
1
Slippery
or uneven
floor due
to fall of
solvents.
Walking on
slippery floor or
uneven surfaces
mioght cause fall
of workers and
machines.
Proper
maintainance
of flooring
2 3 6 M
Wearing
safety shoes
having non-
skid soles
2 3 6 M Contractor 14 days
2
Poor
maintaince
of
machines
and raw
materials
Injuries caused by
falling packages
of paint, lacquer,
and solvents
during
transportation, or
during storage and
unloading
Proper
maintainance
during
transport
3 1 3 L
Keeping
look at
transporation
2 2 4 L Manager 10 days
3
Poor
clothing of
workers
Capture of clothes
in the grinding
and mixing
equipment while
preparing dyes
Using proper
headgear 3 3 9 M
Avoid
wearing
loose-fitting
cloths during
work
3 2 6 M Manager 7 days
4 Health of
workers
Spray es of
solvents into the
eyes can cause
eye irritation or
damage
Wearing
proper eye
protectuve
devices
2 4 8 M
Consult a
doctor in
case of
emergency
2 4 8 M Project
manager 3 days
5 Physical
risk
Exposure to high
temperature and
heat-stress in the
lacquer
preparation
Install
effective
exhaust
ventilation and
air
conditioning to
prevent air
contamination
and heat stress,
3 5 15 H
Using odor
neutralizing
chemicals.
3 5 15 H Safety
Advisor 10 days
6 Chemical
spills
Exposure to
vapours of
solvents, paints,
and lacquers can
cause irritation
and damage to
eyes and mucous
membranes, to the
respiratory and
digestive tracts,
Install
effective
exhaust
ventilation and
air
conditioning to
prevent air
contamination
and heat stress;
if necessary,
use odor
neutralizing
chemicals.
5 4 20 E
Proper
protective
clothing
5 4 20 E Safety
Advisor 10 days
7 Chemical
risk
Exposure to
organic
substances
(toluene, n-
hexane, methyl-
alcohol etc.) may
damage the
Install
effective
exhaust
ventilation to
prevent air
contamination;
if necessary,
4 5 20 E Proper
ventillation
4 5 20 E Safety
Advisor
10 days

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AN OPTIMISTIC APPROACH OF MACHINE MAINTENANCE IN PAINT INDUSTRY
nervous system use respiratory
protection
8 Chemical
risk
Skin exposure
through contact
with solvents and
various
components of
paints, esp.
aromatic
hydrocarbons and
organic halogen
compounds, can
cause dermatitis.
Protect the
skin of the
hands (with
barrier cream,
or chemical-
resistant
gloves) when
in contact with
solvents and
cleaning
agents;
5 5 25 E First aid
availability 5 5 25 E Safety
Advisor 7 days