Organisational Culture: Analysis of A W Holding Company Limited

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ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Name of the student
Name of the university
Author’s note

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Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................2
LO1 Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in an
organisational context......................................................................................................................2
P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.........................................................................................................2
LO2: Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams...................................................................6
P2: Evaluate how content and process theories of motivational and motivational techniques
enable effective achievements of goals in an organizational context..........................................6
Evaluating the process theory..........................................................................................................9
LO3: Demonstrate an understanding of how to co-operate effectively with others......................12
P3: Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team..........................12
LO4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour to a given business situation
.......................................................................................................................................................14
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational
context and a given business situation.......................................................................................14
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................17
References......................................................................................................................................18

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Introduction
This research is focusing on the organizational culture of A W Holding Company limited.
Detailed discussion is being carried on the various theories of motivation of leadership that can
be applied in the company for smooth operational flow. Further, issues are also discussed in
regards to cultural problems faced by employees. The study will critically analyse the different
culture and political aspects related to the organizational behaviour in an effective and efficient
manner. The relations between motivation and organization performance will be prominently
discussed in the study. At the end, a summary of the major points of the study will be provided in
an effective and efficient manner in the conclusion part. Moreover, a critical analysis of
organizational performance will be performed in the study.
LO1 Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in an
organisational context
P1 Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.
Due to the globalization, the essence of the business management and administration has been
changed in a way that in every field, the world has also experience its effect. In the case of the
mentioned company, the changes also can be observed. The mentioned company, A W Holding
Company Limited deals in the financial sector and due to the globalization, they also have seen
changes in their respective field of finance. In future, the company has to go through a number of
changes and therefore, they have to analyse their structure of culture, politics and power. It is
therefore required that the behaviour and the organisational culture of the company should be
examined in this regard (Rosenbach, 2018). For understanding the transformation process, along
with the organisational culture, its impact o the employees in the workplace are required to be
analysed. On the other hand, in case of A W Holding Company Limited, the operation process is
also required to be developed. The model developed by Handy can be implemented in due course
for examining these factors.

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The model developed by Handy can be divided into four factors, depending on the organisational
culture. These factors are - Power, Role, Task and Person.
Image 1: Handy’s model of culture
Source: (Rosenbach, 2018)
Power culture: According to this culture, the individuals working in the organization are liable
of their own decision. The decision-making would not be the responsibility of the top boss or the
management department of the organizations. Rather the people that are working in the
organization can take their own decision in their own responsibility.
Role Culture: The dominance of the hierarchy can be seen in this culture. The employees
working in this culture have to act according to their own positions in the company. The
decision-making authority cannot be allocated to the individual, rather the employees that are
responsible for it, should be allocated in this culture (Verburg et al. 2018). Organizations that
have a strong command over their employees and have a long chain of hierarchical organization
structure can have this type of culture in their workplace.
Task culture: In many organizations, teams or groups are built in order to serve a specific work.
On the other hand, it can be stated that for developing the progress projects in the organizations,
this type of the culture can be prevailed. On the other hand, it is also can be understood that
power source of the team can be shifted one person to the other according to the progress and the
role-played by them. However, it is also can be stated that perfection in this culture should be

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achieved with the right combination of the team members, their mentality and their skills and
perfection towards the role that they played in the team.
Person culture: When a number of people work in the same organization with same set of skills
and expertise over the very topic of the project, the person culture can be prevailed in the
organization. The lack of coordination and cooperation in the projects can be seen in the
organizations where person culture exists (Duerr et al. 2019). On the other hand, in this culture in
the organization, the power to handle the projects can lie in every individual of the team.
Therefore, it can be said that it will be a team of people working together only.
Hofstede’s model of organizational culture
The cultural differences in the organization should be known by the employees in order to
enhance their performances. On the other hand, it is also required that the mentioned
organization, A W Holding Company Limited should be aware of the differences between the
cultures in the different organizations. It will help to communicate and negotiate with the other
companies with whom they conduct their business deals (Matos et al. 2018). Thus, the model
developed by Hofstede will be beneficial for A W Holding Company Limited in this regard.
Moreover, the internal and external code of conduct, which should be maintained by the
employees, can also be developed through this model. The six dimensions of the model would
help to understand the process:

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Image 2: Hofstede’s model of organizational culture
(Source: Driskill, 2018)
 Power Distance Index:
The power distribution in the organization should also define the organization and its cultural
setting. If the cultural setting of the organization defines the high power distance, the inequality
can be prevailed into it. On the contrary, if the low power distance can be seen in the
organization, it may refers to the equal power distribution where the employees can take part in
the organizational decision making process and can take their own decision (Western, 2019).
 Individualism versus Collectivism
The individualistic approach and the approach towards collectivism can be developed within the
organization. If the team or the department is only liable of the operations and decisions taken
into the tea, the individualistic approach should be applied. On the contrary, the collectivism
would refer to work within team and having uniformity within the organization.
 Masculinity versus Femininity
The discrimination in respect to sexuality should not be prevailed in the modern day
organization, and the uniformity should be there within the team. At the same time, one should
not be provided with extra facilities or discrimination due to their sexuality (Stewart et al. 2019).
 Uncertainty Avoidance Index
In case of the organizational culture, the employees should have the ability to accept the
uncertainty and vagueness into their work. The index should be used to direct whether the
employees are able to accept or resist their faults according in their job roles.
 Long-term orientation versus short-term orientation
This index will identify the willingness of the team or the individual to change according to the
situation rose in the organization (Li et al. 2018). On the other hand, if the organizations are
prevalent with long-term orientation, they will be able to accept the changes. On the contrary, the
organizations with short-term orientation would not able to
 Indulgence versus Restraint

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This index shows whether the employees should be allowed to indulge to happiness or not.
According to the culture of many organizations, many employees should be restrained from
indulging into anything enjoyable as it may affect their performance.
LO2: Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams
P2: Evaluate how content and process theories of motivational and motivational techniques
enable effective achievements of goals in an organizational context
A W Holding Company Limited is a small revenue generating company is trying to do well in
the securities market and trying to work as a bank to hold securities (Gao, Zhang and Chen,
2015). The leaders of A W Holding Company Limited are trying to motivate their employees so
that they can help in making progress towards better futuristic growth ahead. This growth would
help in achieving all the business objectives and goals in the most effective way.
Evaluating the content theory
This content theory is defined as the theory, which helps in finding the needs and requirements
of an individual who is working in the organization so that he/she can be motivated easily.
Hence, to motivate the individual, it is an essential thing to analyze the needs and requirements
of the requirements in the most effective way. This analysis would do all the necessary things.
Under content theories, there are various theories which organizations can use them for their own
benefit. These theories are Maslow theory, two factors theories by Herzberg and ERG theory by
Alderfer.

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Image 3: Herzberg two-factor theory
(Source: Jang, Kim and Reeve, 2016)
It was opined by Crowston and Fagnot, (2018) that A W Holding Company Limited should look
into the proper implementation of the Herzberg theory. This shall allow them to guide the
employees with specific motivational goals in the workplace so that the employees feel
motivated and increase their overall production rate. Herzberg two factors give insight into the

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hygiene and the motivational factors that a company can undertake for satisfying the employees.
In addition to this, the theory will allow the company to know about certain things that motivate
and de-motivates the employees, which will ultimately have a massive effect on the overall
production rate. Promotion opportunity is one such thing that can be implemented. This
promotion will be based on the performance of the employees in the security market. Further,
Gunnell et al., (2014) states that the company policy needs to modified which will allow more
freedom for the employee to work with and to grant leaves at the end of each year so that it
allows the employee to shed off all the work pressure. This will help in attaining the primary
objective of decreasing the labour turnover and motivate the employees. Apart from all this, the
employees should be given proper training so that they are able to handle the securities of other
companies effectively. This shall increase their efficiency rate of handling securities, which are
considered important by all the organization since it deals with banking services.
Evaluating the process theory
This process theory is described as the theory that is being used to find ways that motivate the
employees. Evaluation of the ways can help an organization to know about the various ways that
can motivate an employee (Jang, Kim and Reeve, 2016). The organization will have a clear path
to increase the motivation of the employees for the better working condition in the workplace.
Under the process theory, there are various theories, which are known as Goal setting theory by
Locke, equity theory by Adam, reinforcement theory by Skinner and expectancy theory by
Victor Vroom. A W Holding Company Limited can implement one of the above theories to
increase the motivation of the employees.
Image 4: Expectancy theory

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(Source: Nonaka and Toyama, 2015)
It is suggested by Weman Josefsson, Johnson and Lindwall, (2017) that A W Holding Company
Limited can use the aspects of expectancy theory developed by Vroom for developing ways o
motivate the employees. This is mainly because of the fact that it tends to describe the
motivational aspects in the workplace and consists of three main factors, i.e. expectancy,
valence, and instrumentality. This was also backed by the developer of this theory, i.e. Vroom
who suggests that employees will always look for things that will motivate them to work in any
organization. This contributes to the anticipations made by the employees to increase their
performance level (Kuratko, 2016). Thus, Vroom explains that it is very much essential for the
organization to provide all the facilities that are required by the employees within the workplace
so that they can increase their effective rate to a higher level. In A W Holding Company Limited,
the leaders and the managers are responsible for making the employees motivated so that they
deliver their best and do not feel de-motivated. Hence, for this, separate training programs could
be conducted so that the employees can easily develop to handle important securities. Further,
the development and training programs will add more value to the security service provided by A
W Holding Company Limited (Nonaka and Toyama, 2015).
Motivation techniques
It is very much essential to increase the motivation of the employees through the use of common
techniques. This will certainly make the employees more excited and energized. On the other
hand, employees can be asked about what can do to increase the motivation. Below are certain
things that can be used as motivational techniques:
Creation of a positive work environment
It is very essential to create a positive working environment, which shall encourage all the
employees to perform well (Berman, 2018). Further, it will encourage the process of teamwork
and sharing of ideas, and A W Holding Company Limited should ensure that staffers have tools
and knowledge to perform well. Further, the management should be responsible enough for
responding to various needs urged by the employees in order to work in a free manner.
Setting easy goals

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The goals of A W Holding Company Limited should be set on such a manner that it allows the
employees to achieve the goals easily. This will benefit them the organization when they are tied
to the corporate contributions. However, for this, it is essential for A W Holding Company
Limited management to make the make the goals achievable and help employees to achieve the
milestones.
Achievements
The management should celebrate the achievements of the employees through various awards
(Bérubé et al., 2016). This motivates the employees and makes them loyal when small
achievements are being entertained by the management.
LO3: Demonstrate an understanding of how to co-operate effectively with others
P3: Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
It can be noted that the effectiveness of the team is very much dependent on the team members’
ability to collaborate with each other on a successful note (Landowski et al., 2019). This shall
enable them to achieve the desired targets without any problem. It is seen in A W Holding
Company Limited that three types of teams are being formed for handling the business related
works. These are discussed below:
Problem solving team
This is a specialized team for A W Holding Company Limited who is destined to solve all the
problems that are arising out of the business activities. For instance, when a fault arises in
computing the tax, then a specialized committee is formed where finance officer with the
accounts departments investigates to find a probable solution for the problem. This helps to solve
the problem in the most effective way quickly (Kim et al., 2019).
Functional team
This team is destined to look after the proper functioning of each department that is present in A
W Holding Company Limited. They are responsible for the smooth flow of operation within A
W Holding Company Limited. Therefore, the employees of A W Holding Company Limited are

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team members of the functional team and the manager of each department is the head of the
functions team. For example, in the sales department, sales representative are the members of the
team and the sales manager is the head of the team. Wagner, et al., (2017) suggests that the
functional team is usually focused on not only a single objective but has to achieve the
organization’s objective as a whole that is being set by the management of A W Holding
Company Limited. Thus, the functional team acts as the most vital part of the organizations'
success ahead.
Project teams
This type of team is being formed by various experts who are being hired to perform some tasks,
which are mainly related to handling the project (Butchibabu et al., 2016). This also found when
two or more organizations have undergone a joint venture. A W Holding Company Limited
tends to handle all security projects that they are destined to do.
Team development by Tuckman
Tuckman has analyzed various aspects of team development. It goes on to explain that a well
performing consists of four stages. These are:
Forming
This the first stage where the members are selected and tends to get an opportunity to know
about the goals that the team needs to achieve.
Storming
This helps in the gradual setting of the team with the members and helps the employees to
understand the vision of the teams to achieve them. Through this, the employee of A W Holding
Company Limited tends to know about the aspects of a collaborative technique for increasing
their performance. It is opined by Owoseni, et al., (2017) that through this stage hierarchy and
authority of the position is explained to the employees in a good manner.
Norming