Leadership Styles, Motivation, and Organisational Behaviour Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the interplay between organisational structure, culture, leadership styles, and employee motivation. It compares and contrasts different organisational structures and cultures, examining their impact on business performance using ASDC as a case study. The report discusses factors influencing individual behaviour at work, such as job environment, pay rates, respect, and job security. It evaluates the effectiveness of various leadership styles in different organisations, including ASDC and British Airways, and explains how organisational theory underpins management practices. Furthermore, the report assesses different management approaches and discusses the impact of leadership styles on motivation during periods of change, comparing the application of various motivational theories within the workplace.

ORGANISATION AND
BEHAVIOUR

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour means when people meet or interact with other in the groups at
organisation. It is like an activity which understands and influences the behaviour of an
individual. It helps employees about how they ach and work in the organisation. It is very
beneficial and also affects the behaviour of an individual in the organisation. ASDC’s
organisational structure is very effective and employees of ASDC’s are self-motivated
(Wickramasinghe and Perera, 2014). The main purpose of this report is helps to understand about
the structure of an organisation. It also helps to know about the organisational culture and its
impact on the organisation. There are various types of leadership an organisation can choose. For
any organisation leadership is very essential which can affect an organisation and employees.
Motivation is very necessary because if employees are motivated then they will do their work
effectively and efficiently. In organisation workers or employees can do their work either
individually or in groups to achieve the goals and objectives of an organisation. If they work in
team then they will do their work more effectively and helps in profit making (Mendes and
Stander, 2011).
LO 1
1.1 Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture
Every organisation has their own culture and environment i.e. both internal and external.
According to their business they have their own framed structure that can be either formal or
informal also. Every organisation has their own hierarchy and layouts for their business. If in the
organisation there is proper hierarchy then it is easy to control and command for the work. In
every organisation there is a superior, manager or leader and employees report them for their
work. Distributions of departments are depending on the size of an organisation (Wong, Wong and
Ngo, 2012).
Every organisation has their own culture, beliefs, attitudes, values etc. those affect the
organisation and it also affect the business activities. Culture is related with the internal
environment of organisation that plays an important role in the success of organisation. Culture
of ASDA is very strong and their employees are also cooperative with their customers and each

other. Organisation’s main purpose is to provide satisfaction to their customer and fulfill their
needs and wants. They also want to give them excellence service and experience.
ASDC is very large organisation so that they have their own rules and regulations that every
employee has to follow:
They have to update their customers about their products on timely basis (Farndale, Hope-Hailey
and Kelliher, 2011).
 They have to maintain the standard and quality of their products.
 They fulfill the demands of their customers according to their needs and wants.
1.2 Explain how the relationship between an organisation’s structure and culture
can impact on the performance of a business
Every organisation has their own structure and culture for their business that they need to
follow. They both are very essential for the success of an organisation. They give an impact on
the business and also very relatable with each other. There are various points which can describe
the relationship between the, which are mentioned as below:
People’s behave are largely dependent on organizational structure: Behave of people are
totally depend on the structure of an organisation. If the performance of an organisation is not
good then it means the structure of that organisation is not effective (Agarwal, 2014). ASDC’s
organisation structure is very effective so that they can achieve desired objectives.
Employee empowerment and organizational performance: Employees are very
cooperative and do their work more effectively; it helps to reduce the cost so that they achieve
the desired goals easily. They also provide satisfaction to their customers and earn maximum
profit.
Structural impact and organizational performance: ASDC also provide better services to
their customers and take feedback from them also (Mohammad, Habib and Alias, 2011). It helps in
their development and success. There is proper communication between employees and
customers, so that it helps to solve customer’s problem easily. This success is also depends on
the structure of organisation because it is so clear to everyone within the organisation. So that if
the performance is good of then structure if also effective and good.

1.3 Discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work
Employees work in an organisation so that they can get their pay and benefits from the
employer. In ASDC organisation there are a lot of people who works for the organisation more
effectively and efficiently. But pay or benefits can depend on the designation, skills or ages.
There are some factors which influence the behaviour of an individual at work, which are
mentioned as below:
Job environment: Job is highly depends on its environment, if the environment is good
then it helps to retain employees in the company (Alfes, and et. al., 2013). If the workplace is very
comfortable and attractive then employees always want to work there. Performance of an
employee is also depend on the environment.
Rates of pay: In an organisation every employee wants a good pay similar to that
ASDA’s employees also wants good pay. Pay gives motivation to the employees and they work
more efficiently and effectively. Position of ASDC is very good so that they pay well to their
employees.
Respect: Employee of the company or organisation do not work only for the good pay,
they also need self – respect. Employees of ASDC want gratitude from their employers. If
employees are not feeling respected in the organisation or company then it can affect their
performance (Einarsen and et. al., 2011).
Job security: Every employee wants security of job from their employers. If they do not
have fear about their job then they will do their work better. It is also motivate them for their job
performance.
LO 2
2.1 Compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations
Every organisation has their own leadership style according to their business. ASDC and
British airways also use different leadership styles. Leader does their work uniquely and also
provides services to their customers. Leaders are very essential parts for the organisation or
company because they provide a great place where employees can work. A good leader focuses

on all the things in the company so that all those can impact the business positively (Venieris,
Naoum and Vlismas, 2015). If leader focus on each and everything then it can provide satisfaction
and appreciation to the employees. ASDA company focus many things, which are mentioned as
below:
 Organisation provides equivalent opportunity to their employees for their development.
They are very fair to everyone because it is the way to achieve success.
 Managers of ASDA company are so cooperative and caring for their employees and that
will be great appreciation to them.
 They respect each and every employees at all the levels.
 They support their employee’s suggestions and decisions.
A good leader can convert their idea into reality and achieve success (Fernández-Muñiz,
Montes-Peón and Vázquez-Ordá, 2012). A good style of leadership can help to build trust between
employees and management. It also helps in an effective communication and develops the
employees. If there is an effective leadership in the organisation then employees can do their best
while they are working.
British airway’s leadership style is very different from the ASDC, it is followed as below:
 They provide motivation to their employees by compromising their own interest so that
organisation can achieve the desired goals.
 They give more priorities to the objective if their business.
2.2 Explain how organisational theory underpins the practice of management
There are many organisational theories and every theory explained according to the structure
of organisation. It is also depend on the formation of organisation. For every type of business
there is a different type of theory (Willits and Nowacki, 2014). Theory of an organisation includes
the following:
 Scientific approach to management
 Weber’s bureaucratic approach
 Administrative approach

ASDA organisational theory is related to administrative theory. The theory of administrative
is propounded by Henry Fayol. This theory includes:
 Planning
 Organizing
 Leading
 Controlling
Theory of organisation is used by manager at various stages (Robinson, 2014). It is very
typical for a company to stay at on one theory only. Theory always gives positivity to do work
with more effectively and efficiently. Administrative theory helps to provide direction to the
managers or leaders and also helps to achieve desired goals and objectives. It is like a guideline
that is follow by all the employees. If there is a problem in the structure of organisation then top
level management can make necessary changes towards it.
2.3 Evaluate the different approaches to management used by different organisations
Every organisation has their own way to do work. They use various types of managerial
approaches for their business. Some are mentioned as follow:
 Active listening approach
 Capacity building approach
 High control level approach
ASDA’s management is very participative and there is fix rule for working. There is very
much flexibility in the organisation structure of the ASDC (Nijman and Nekaris, 2012). Employee
can report for their work to any line manager who is related to the work. Capacity building
approach is excessively depend on the skills of employees. In this approach it need better or
great performance. The capacity approach includes the following:
 In this approach it is necessary to find out the consumer community.
 If there is a problem then it must be resolved.
 Work can be done in collective manner; it can help to do work more effectively and
efficiently.

High control level approach is generally used by
many of the organisations and it is very specific also. British Airways encourage more to the
designs and give them appreciation. In this proper rules and regulations are very necessary to be
followed. There are some points for British Airways are mentioned as below:
 They made their planning and process very clear.
 They are more integrated with the development of project.
The project of British Airways must be evaluated and reprted (D'Cruz and Noronha, 2011).
LO 3
3.1 Discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivation in organisations in
periods of change
In modern world changes is very necessary for an organisation or company if they want
to survive for long term period. ASDC follows the process of re – engineering. For an
organisation it is necessary to implement new technologies time to time so that they can fulfill
the need of customers and work with more effectively and efficiently. A good leader also
motivates their employees to do their work more effectively and efficiently.
Leadership and management bot are very different term from each other. Management
means how to organize the various activities of the business by using limited sources but the
leadership means how to lead people to achieve the organisational goals. A good leader
motivates and inspires all the employees if any necessary changes made in the organisation
(Green sand Peloza, 2014).
There are various approaches for the leader of ASDC’s company which are mentioned as
below:
 Authoritarian approach says that if there are any changes in the organisation then leaders
take important decisions and instruct their employees to follow that.
 Consultative approach says that if there are some changes which can be done in future
then they can consult about it with their employees. It can inspire and motivate them to
do their work.

Team work approach is also helpful because it helps to encourage employees by giving them
some responsibilities which is related to their task or project (Kollmannsberger and et. al., 2011). A
good leader must be passionate for their work, encourage their employees and also clear goals
and objectives of the organisation to their employees.
3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories within the workplace
Employees are very essential part for any organisation, they are like assets. So it is very
necessary to give them motivation either in monetary term or non – monetary term. But now it is
very easy task for a manager to motivate their employee. By using the theories of motivation
employer or manager can also motivate employees. ASDC use motivational theory that suits to
their organisation.
According to McGregor, people divided in two categories i.e. X and Y. Employees who
covers in X that need proper monitoring and strict management, they are also very lazy and do
not like their work. But those employees who cover under the Y, they are very active toward
their work, responsible and motivate also. According to this theory, ASDA need to motivate
those employees who cover under X (Baldassarre, Caligiore and Mannella, 2013).
Maslow’s hierarchy theory starts with the basic need of employee and ends with the self
–fulfillment needs. According to this theory, when an employee goes to the next level of
hierarchy he or she has to improve their performance. According to Maslow, performance of the
employee is depending on the need but Vroom thinks that is depends on the skills and experience
of the employee.
ASDC’s employee needs to improve their work by great efforts then they will get
benefits or rewards by their employer or manager. It is also need to know by the manager that
performance and reward always interrelated with each other (Mills, Dube and Zulch, 2013).
3.3 Evaluate the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers
Motivational theories are very important for an organisation to motivate their employees.
If ASDC wants to achieve the desired goals and objectives then they need to motivate their
employees to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of their work. It helps to increase the
productivity and reduce the cost. For better motivation ASDC applies the motivational theories
for their employees.

Motivational theories help to motivate and encourage their employees for the better
performance. If ASDC provides incentives or benefits to their employees then it will motivate
them and they will do their work with more effectiveness or vice – versa. If employees are
motivated then it will provide benefit to the organisation or company because they will do their
work with extra efforts. Factors those are related to motivation also provide respect to their
employees (Wickramasinghe and Perera, 2014). If employees are satisfied with the organisation
then they will do more challenging work. Some factors that also give them motivation such as
job satisfaction, job environment etc.
LO 4
4.1 Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations
Groups of the organisation help to achieve the desired goals of the organisation. Group
people has to do their work within the given time period. They need to do their work which is
assign to them. Members of the group are highly dependent to each other. There are several types
of groups which are available in the ASDC which are as given below:
Formal Group: This group is prepared by the organisation according to the need of it. It
is designed for the specified purpose or task that company need to achieve. In this they have their
rules and regulations which are fixed by the organisation that must be follow by people. In this it
includes Command group and Task group (Mendes and Stander, 2011).
Informal group: This is generally made by the people of organisation. It includes
Friendship groups and interest groups. In this no one is bounded by anyone to be in group,
people can join or leave this group according to their interest.
4.2 Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in
organisations
When employees or manager do their work in team then it will be more effective and
efficient because in team work people not only focus on them they focus on their whole team.
They focus on their team work effectiveness because it is not very easy to work in team; many

problems arise when they are working in teams. There are some factors that can promote the
development of effective team work in the organisation, which are described as below:
Communication: When employees or managers are working in team then it is necessary
that there should be proper communication between them. It is necessary that employees of
ASDC having open communication. Then people can ask about any problem, can easily share
information and also provide some suggestions (Wong, Wong and Ngo, 2012).
Trust: When people are doing their work in team then they need to trust each other
because if there is no trust between all the people of the team then they do not share any
information with each other and also do not work willing fully.
Positive attitude: When employee or manager gives effort to the project then it is
necessary to them to be positive towards their work. When people do work in team then they
face many problems and if they stop making effort then the project cannot get success. If training
is provide to the employees then it gives motivation and also they do their work with more
positive attitude.
4.3 Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organisation.
In modern time, technology plays an important role in the organisation. Now no work is
done manually, most of the work is done by equipment and machine. By using new technology
employees can do their work more effectively and efficiently. They can also do their work within
the given time frame. With the help of technology now every work is so simple and very easy.
Impact of technology provides positive impact on the organisation. Project of the company also
done with the help of the technology. It reduces distance and it also make possible that
employees can do their work according to them or their suitability (Farndale, Hope-Hailey and
Kelliher, 2011).
ASDC also provide training to their employees for their technological development.
Every organisation has their own culture so that they use technologies according to their
businesses. According to a recent research, it is different according to the team. Impact and use
of technology is highly depends on the nature of project or task.

If work is done in the team then it is easy to achieve the results, goals or objectives of the
company. If employees work in the team then problem can reduce or if any problem arises then
they will solve it well. So if employees do work in team rather than individual then it will
provide best outcome and helps increase profit. Technology provides specialization to the
employees of ASDC and boosts their morale.
CONCLUSION
As per the above mentioned report it is concluded that organisation and behaviour is vary
according to the business. Every structure of an organisation is different from the other and also
can be altered by the top level of management if there is need of any changes. It is very
necessary to understand the culture and structure of the ASDC. Every organisation has their own
culture and structure. They both are interrelated with each other. It is also discussed in the report
that there are various factors that can influence the individual at work. There are many leadership
styles are also described in this report for ASDC. Management and leadership both are different
from each other. It is also discussed that leadership styles can have greater impact on motivation.
There are various theories that can motivate the employees to achieve the desired goals and
objectives. Groups and their behaviour also can affect the organisation. Team work is the best
way to do work with more effectiveness and efficiency. Technology also affects the organisation
and can impact it.