Analysis of Organisational Behaviour at ASDA Ltd: A Detailed Report

This report delves into the organisational behaviour of ASDA Ltd, a major British supermarket retailer. It begins with an introduction to organisational behaviour and sets the context of the study. The report then examines the application of Handy's theoretical model of culture, specifically focusing on task culture within ASDA. It analyzes how organisational culture can enhance effectiveness through improved communication strategies between employees and management. Furthermore, the report assesses the critical roles of organisational culture in driving employee motivation, supported by Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Finally, it estimates how ASDA can leverage its organisational culture to achieve continued success, highlighting the importance of clear objectives and team leadership within the company. The report concludes with a summary of findings and relevant references.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK ..............................................................................................................................................1
1. Handy's theoretical model of culture line. .........................................................................1
2. Determine how organisational culture can improve the effectiveness of an organisation with
the help of communication.....................................................................................................3
3. Assess the key roles of organisational culture on employee motivation. .........................4
4.Estimate how company can succeed with the organisational culture..................................6
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is the study of human working in the organisation in context
firm. The area on which study is based are job culture, communication, leadership, performance
etc. it is a subset of the management activities which are concerned with the understanding and
prediction the behaviour of an individual towards the organisation. This study based on the
ASDA Ltd. It is a British supermarket retailer, which headquarter is established in Leeds, west
Yorkshire. It was founded by Peter and Fred Asquith sir in 1949. this is one of the biggest retail
chain of UK whose total locations are around 633 and net revenue in the year of 2016 was
£21666 million. Report includes culture in line with a Handy's theoretical model and how
culture improves organisational effectiveness with a focus on communication. Further it includes
role of culture on an employee motivation and how the company could use the culture of the
organisation to further enhance success. Culture means the environment of a firm what the
workers feel in the organisation.
TASK
1. Handy's theoretical model of culture line.
Organisation culture:- it is defined as the underlying beliefs, values, assumption and the ways
of interacting that contributes a unique psychological environment in the firm. It is very
important to make positive culture in the organisation for the development and motivating
employees working in company. ASDA always focus on the maintaining the organisation
positive, it tries to motivate staff members by providing them good working environment.
Handy's theory
Charles handy give this theory in which he said that. In which he gives four different
aspects on which the research is based on Role, Power, Task and person. This theory is work on
the to factors one is level of cooperation and power distribution. He said that every organisation
have different structure so that everyone need different strategy to work(Balwant,2018).
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Illustration 1: Handys culture model
(source:Handys Model of Organisational Culture, 2018)
Role culture- low degree of cooperation/ Low power distribution
This type of organisation are mostly job oriented and can be often found in
administrative company. In this culture it is mainly there rules, regulations obligations and the
culture of centralisation. There are employees wants job securities as much as possible. These
are the main source of leadership is the top authority and all decision making power is kept with
the top authority. It focuses on the standards, logics, procedures and specialisation. This is
suitable for the manufacturing company, technical company and capital intensive industries.
Power culture- High cooperation level/ low power distribution
In this type of organisation there is a central leader who manage the whole organisation
with it own motivation and guidance. This is suitable for the organisation where like new start up
and trading company where need of distribution of power and cooperation is not much needed.
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These are the type where the main aim are focused on the strategies and loyalty of the
employees, decision making is hard and difficult to take. These type of organisation are
centralised in the nature. There is a single leader who control the entire organisation and the
employees are loyal to him(Barbaranelli and et.al., 2019).
Person culture- Low cooperation level/ high power distribution
A person culture is a type where employees are independent to take the decisions. In the
workers are highly educated and take their own decisions with the work expertise. This is a
people oriented culture and also known as the Dionysus culture. This organisation have fewer
rules and regulation over the employees. This is mainly focuses on the creativity, talent and
skills improvement. This culture is followed by the architectures, consultants and self made
persons.
Task culture- high cooperation level/ high power distribution
Task culture is to based on the completion of a particular task. In this culture teams are
form to solve a particular problem or situation, in these teams are aborted after the completion of
the work. This is an important culture in which power derives from the experts and as long as the
team needs the expert advices. There are more than one sources of power. This type of
organisation are matrix in form and teams may develop their own objectives and they may not
able to go for the team goals. ASDA company practices task culture(Hiekkataipale, 2018).
2. Determine how organisational culture can improve the effectiveness of an organisation with
the help of communication
For the healthy organisational growth the communication between the management and
the plays a significant role in the development of the ASDA company. The culture of the
organisation depends on the work environment of the company. Effective work culture depends
upon the positive culture of the organisation. As the culture only explains the interaction
between employee and the organisation. The better employee relationship excludes the
disagreement and negativity between the employees.
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN EMPLOYEE AND HIGHER AUTHORITY: the system of
following proper communication channel increases the ability of employee to work according
the organisation when the channel of communication becomes tough for employee to
communicate with the higher authority it makes the work culture tough for the employee. So, by
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improving the channel of communication and making easy for employee to convey their
thoughts to higher authority makes organisation simpler and effective culture(Jacobs and Manzi,
2019). Through this the ASDA company will be able to improve the clarity in roles and
responsibilities of the employees which will deliver the best performance by employee and
company will grow effectively.
Theory of communication accommodation
The theory of communication accommodation emphasis on adjustments while
communicating with the people. Professor Howard Giles developed the theory, according to
professor the people emphasis on minimising the social differences while interacting with
others. The factors of communication accommodation are verbal communication or with
gestures. The theory was evolved according as speech adjustment theory which assess the
psychological concept for understanding the speech. Communication affects the human
behaviour as the environment in which person is interacting also affects communication
behaviour. There are two types of accommodation process which are Convergence and
Divergence.
Convergence: It is the process where the people tend to adopt other persons communication
practices to reduce social difference.
Divergence: This process contradicts as the method emphasis on social differences and non-
verbal variations between the interaction.
ASDA uses accommodation communication in accordance with the situation faced the
employees and helps to creates the good impression on theirs senior.
3. Assess the key roles of organisational culture on employee motivation.
The organisational behaviour plays a very important responsibilities for the motivation of
employee in the company. Satisfied employees are not necessarily motivated to work hard for
the organisational growth. The motivation given to employees shape the organisation in such a
way the organisation shapes itself for the growth and development of the company with their
motivated employee.
IMPROVED RETENTION: if company make higher turnover it does not mean the employees of
the company are satisfied with the culture of the organisation. The employee will only be
motivated when the company focuses on sharing its profit with the employee and making them
the part of the company by providing different motivational rewards to the employees. The
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motivation to the employees can be given through employee recognition, communication
flexibility, etc.
HEALTHY COMPETITION : the role of organisation in the is to create a healthy
competitiveness among the employee which will increase the effectiveness in the work of
employee. The organisational culture of the play key role in motivation of employee. Motivated
employee increases the quality of the work and provide the customers better services. The
organisation grows when it creates happy customers and employee get motivated for the work
they have done are fruitful to the customers.
ASDA company most important aspect is to get motivated employees which helps to give
innovative ideas decreases the cost of production and increase the profit of the company.
Through this the employee are able to build the loyalty level within them and develop
themselves. While leaving the organisation the employee can feel free to be the part of another
organisation which will build a sense of confidence in the employee(Pan and et.al., 2018).
Secondary research
Maslow's theory for Motivation: The theory stated that the people gets motivated when they
achieve needs or take precedence over other needs. Their are five stage models in maslow's
hierarchy model which are explained as
Physiological needs: On this stage the basic biological needs must get fulfilled for the
human survival. Like food, shelter, clothing, warmth, sleep etc. these need are the most
important need to fulfil the basic requirements of human life. In ASDA company the manager
provide to its employee basic amenities like shelter given by company, food, cloths in the form
of perks.
Safety and security needs: In this stage the the person should feel secure and safe in the
society. As the human should be free from the fear of security, law, order, stability, protection
from elements etc. ASDA company provide safety and security in the form of giving job security
and good workplace environment.
Love and belongingness needs: After the stage of safety and security the third stage
involve to fulfil the human needs for social security and feeling for belongingness. The human
requires interpersonal relation which motivates their behaviour. For example ASDA helps
employee when they or theirs family member is in critical condition the company help employee
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by giving financial health to the employees due to which it creates the sense of belongingness in
the employee which further motivates the employees to work hard and show efficiency in work.
Esteem needs: In this stage of Maslow's motivation theory the human needs for getting
self respect from others are defined . The human when achieve some thing in life or get mastery
it give him the sense of self esteem. ASDA helps the employee to achieve the self esteem by
providing employee time to time training which helps them to improve their skills and ability for
doing of the work in innovative and creative manner which motivates the employees.
Self-actualization needs: This is the last stage of maslow's motivational theory in this
stage the human realizes that its personal potentials, peaks its experiences by seeking the
personal growths and the sense of self fulfilments arises in human-being. ASDA provides the
employee after retirement financial helps which motivates the employee to feel fully satisfied
from his job experiences.
4.Estimate how company can succeed with the organisational culture.
Organisational culture can be defined as the framework within which the organisational
operating and managing activities can be taken in consideration. The most effective
organisational culture for the company is Handy's model. Charles handy differentiated Handy's
model in four cultures that are power, role, person and task. The most suitable form of culture in
the ASDA is task culture. In task culture the makes the organisation to work in the team. The
culture proves to be effective because it increases the achievement of group goal effectively and
efficiently in the dynamic environment. Task culture needs leadership quality, skills, personality
and many more to be productive to the organisation. To be the successful organisation the
ASDA could give light on certain facts to improve its working and image.
CLEAR OBJECTIVE: in the task culture teams leader defines the objective of the company and
states it to employees. The first and the foremost mission of the company is to define the
objective of the company and make it clear to all the employee that are participating in company
to achieve the success of the company. The objective of the company should be strong and
purposeful to achieve the success. The ASDA company should capable to achieve its short term
and long term goal(Pan and et.al., 2018).
RECRUIT TALENTED CANDIDATES: In task culture for the success of the organisation the
company should be able to create the pull of talent by recruiting the candidate from outside of
the organisation. By recruiting new talent in the company it helps the company to produce
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innovative ideas which helps to change the organisational behaviour of ASDA company able to
adopt the changes and achieve their goal by changing the path to move towards the goal.
Primary research
The research was conducted on 20 employees of ASDA company .
Question 1: Does ASDA uses motivational strategies to motivate employees?
 Some extents
 major extents
 none
Question 2: Does use of accommodation communication helps the employee to make good
impression on seniors?
 Yes
 No
Question 3: Does ASDA fulfils the basic requirements of the employees.
 More
 less
 none
Theme: ASDA uses motivational strategies to motivate employees.
Some extents 7
major extents 8
none 5
7

Interpretation: In ASDA company out of 20 employees 8 employees answered that the
company uses motivational strategy at major extent which shows that company motivates its
employees to work hard with efficiency and effectiveness. 7 answered that company uses some
motivational strategy and 5 answered that company does not uses any motivational strategy.
Theme: Accommodation communication helps the employee to make good impression on
seniors.
Yes 11
No 9
8
7
8
5
Some extents
major extents
none

Interpretation: As majority says that employees accommodation communication helps the
employees to creates the impression on the seniors According to the accommodation
communication helps to reduce the social differences between the employees . And 9 said the it
does not helps the employees.
Theme: ASDA fulfils the basic requirements of the employees.
more 8
less 7
none 5
Interpretation: as majority said that ASDA company fulfils its requirements by using maslow's
motivational theory which were psychological needs, social, security, self esteem and self
9
Yes No
0
2
4
6
8
10
12 11
9
8
7
5
more
less
none

actualisation neds of employees. 7 said that it uses fulfils less requirements of the employees. 5
said that company does not fulfil any requirement of the employees.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that the ASDA company gets most benefit
from the hardy 's model in which the company follows most beneficial organisational culture
that is task culture. Task culture encourages the company to work in the team. The company
organisational culture has high influence on the communication in the employee which makes
the employee to work properly in the company. With the help of effective communication in
ASDA company the employee increases their morale and leaders of the company makes
employees motivated towards the achievement of the goal. Motivated employees in the company
give their full attention in the work. To become the successful organisation the company should
retain its human capital which is useful for the company. The skilled and innovative employees
helps the organisation to grow faster in lesser time and get more brand reputation in the market.
The ASDA motivates its employee by providing incentive, bonus, perks and many other
monetary and non monetary rewards to its employees.
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