Organisational Behaviour Analysis and Recommendations for BBC

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour within the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). It examines the impact of organisational culture, power, and politics on the workplace, including the application of Handy's Model and Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions to address cultural issues. The report evaluates content and process theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs and the French and Raven model of power, to understand employee motivation and influence. Furthermore, it distinguishes between effective and ineffective teams, offering insights into team dynamics. The report also explores the application of various concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within the BBC's context, providing recommendations for improving overall performance and achieving organisational goals. The analysis covers various aspects of leadership, team work, and individual motivation within the organization.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
P1 Organisational culture, politics and power ...........................................................................1
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................4
P2 Content and Process Theory of Motivation ..........................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P3 Define what makes an effective team as opposed to ineffective team...................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational context...8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
.........................................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is a subset of management activities concerned with
understanding, predicting and influencing behaviour in company setting. In simple terms, it
refers to the attitude or perception of an individuals or group of people which has great influence
over firms decision making process as well as on productivity. Along with this, it help company
in understanding their employees and motivate them as well as enable them to apply different
motivational tools as per individual requirements which resulting in better performance of an
organisation as a whole (Belschak, Den Hartog and Kalshoven, 2015). Moreover, it allow
managers to identify each manpower potentiality and based on that they assign roles and
responsibilities to them that leads firm's productivity. This report is based on British
Broadcasting Corporation which is one of the leading company in Mass Media industry and it is
founded in the year of 1922. In this assignment it includes the impact of organisational culture,
power, politics within workplace, evaluate content and process theories of motivation. Moreover,
distinguish between effective and ineffective team and application of concepts or philosophies of
organisational behaviour.
TASK 1
P1 Organisational culture, politics and power
In every establishment, it comprises three main elements i.e. culture, power and politics
and each of them contains different roles within the business premises and it impact business
decision making process as well as influences individual behaviour towards company's goal or
objective. Apart from this, BBC is a world's largest national broadcasting organisation whose
headquarter is in London, UK and it serves across the globe. Although, it is a successful firm but
it undergoes with ineffective working culture issue which hindrances them in achieve their goal
or objective in an effective manner (Härtel and O’Connor, 2014). Therefore, BBC implies
various theories and models to overcome the issues related to culture, power and politics is given
below:
Culture
It is one of the coercive constituent in company as it is a group of internal values and
behaviours in an organisation. It involves experiences, ways of thinking, beliefs and future
expectation as organisational culture is the result of perception within firm that all employees

share. Hence, in regard of BBC, its superiors are not happy with their working condition that
affects its proficiency. Thus, they applies Handy's Model to tackle with this problems which is
described below:
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Task: Under this, company forms a group of individuals to resolve specific issues and
and all the employees with common interest and specializations come together and provide a
solution. Therefore, BBC develops a team and every team member contributes equally and
achieve task in an innovative way (Bolino and et. al., 2015).
Person: In this culture, each manpower are more concerned about their own self rather
than organisation in which employees feel themselves more important than management.
Role: It is a culture where personnel are delegated roles and responsibilities according to
their interest and specialisation which brings high level of satisfaction among employees.
Power: Under this, powers remains in the hands of few people and they only authorised
to takes decisions and make modification within business premises and over its own functions.
Therefore, among these various cultures role is appropriate and suitable for BBC business
function for accomplishing organisational goals in trenchant way.
Hofstede's Cultural Dimension
This theory is developed by Greet Hofestede in the year of 1980. This framework is
regarded as most used and best known for cultural differences within the organisation and helps
the firm to accomplish their goal in a productive way. Hence, BBC uses this model into their
business function in order to examine individuals or groups cultural dimensions which are as
follows:
Power Distance:Under this dimension, it expresses those category group of individuals
who contains less power as they accepts that authority in company is distributed unequally. In
regard of BBC, it has flat organisational structure (it states that it has low PDI) which enable
their leader to encourage its employees in business activities and provide equal platforms to each
manpower that helps them to enhance individual and team members skills and also improves the
overall performance of company.
Individualism vs Collectivism: This signifies the degree to which personnel are integrated
into groups and their perceived obligation as well as dependence on groups. It is classified into
two category of people i.e. individualism as they are only think or care about themselves or
immediate families. On the other hand, in collectivism each individuals support for team work
and work jointly which enhance working culture. In context of BBC, it adapts collectivism
structure that helps each manpower to work as a team and provide all suitable support or being
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loyal to the group to which they belong. By this, BBC is enable to build a better relationship with
individual or team members and it directly reflects in increasing their proficiency.
Masculinity vs Femininity: It refers to the distribution of power between men and women.
Both of them contains unique traits and ability to accomplish business objective. Hence, BBC is
well known for rendering equal opportunity for both gender which assist them to attain high
productivity and profitability and helps them control over conflict of interest within company.
Uncertainty Avoidance: It is relates with behaviour of individual or team towards
business complex situation and their potentiality in dealing with unexpected events. In case of
BBC, they train their manpower and make them understand the importance of working as a team
which helps its employees to be positive and high tolerance for uncertainty, ambiguity and risk
taking. By this, they are able to reduce disputes among manpower as individuals and each of
them are very supportive or participative to each other issues and business uncertainties in an
effective way.
Long vs Short term orientation:Every society maintains some links with their own past
while dealing with the challenges of present and future as societies prioritize these two
existential goals differently. In relation to BBC, it's supports for short term orientation as its team
members and individuals are often want to know the reason behind particular situation as well as
they consist strong conviction which helps them to respect each manpower values and
rights .Thereby, it improves overall performance of firm among industry.
Indulgence vs restraint: It encompasses that how societies controls their impulses and
desires. In case of BBC, it consist of indulgence working environment which grant equal
opportunities to every employees as well as supports team members which assist them to
generate positive working culture and boost individuals or groups morale efficacious.
Therefore, among these various cultures dimensions and types, Hofestede is appropriate
and suitable for BBC business function for accomplishing organisational goals in trenchant way.
This is because it encourage company to provide equal platform to individuals and team as well
as helps them to generate better working environment within an business premises. Moreover, it
assist the to deals with cultural differences and enable the managers to provide equal chance of
power to manpower that enlarge firm's productivity and profitability ratio in an innovative and
creative manner.
Power
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It is most often used term in every organisation as it signifies that power is the ability of
an individual to influence or inspire others in order to attain company's objective or vision in
effective manner. Thus, BBC applies French and Raven model of power to generate a better
working environment is given below:
Reward power: It is considered with providing best incentive and reward system to
manpower which generate high level of motivation among them and they put their full effort
towards accomplishment of firm's productivity (Effelsberg and Solga, 2015).
Legitimate power: Under this, an individuals contains an authority to issue order or make
modification in company's regulation as it flows in hierarchy structure. By this, BBC can control
over confusions and conflict of interest among employees and can create better working culture.
Coercive power: In this, leader has potentiality to penalise or recognise the achievement
of each personnel which is based on employees behaviour or attitude towards organisational
code of conduct.
Expert power: It is regarded as the ability or capability of an individual who is
specialised or expertise in certain field which help BBC management to clarify all the doubts of
personnel that improves the overall performance of an organisation.
Referent power: Under this, manager treat equally its superior and gain their trust towards
them in resolving business complex situation in productive way. By this, BBC invites its
personnel and involves them in decision making process.
However, the above explained model of power, Referent power is suitable for BBC
leader which helps them in building a better relationship between employee and employer as
well as enrich firm's profitability ratio.
Politics
Organisational politics is a combination of power and social networking which directly
impact the accomplishment of pre determined goal or vision within prescribed time limit.
Although, it is a negative concept in company yet it helps the manager or leader to manage the
complex situation which is beyond the control of firm (Borkowski, 2015). In order to overcome
with workplace politics, BBC should provide equal opportunity to employees and encourage
them to put their full contribution towards the achievement of organisational goal. Moreover,
they should invite each manpower and involves them in business activities which hold them back
from participating in unnecessary politics or gossips which reduces organisational productivity.
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Along with thus, an effective and transparent communication between superior and subordinates
plays a vital role and enable BBC to come over the issues of confusions or ambiguity and they
can build a healthy relationship or working culture within firm's premises.
Influence of culture on behaviour of staff and performance of BBC
However, BBC's leaders should identify the potentiality of each individuals and based on
that they should assign roles and responsibilities that motivates them to put full contribution
towards the attainment of organisational pre determined goals or objectives. Moreover, they
should recognise the achievement of each personnel and provides them memento, prizes and
certificates which render them high level of satisfaction and add value to company's brand
image. By this, team members will be able to accomplish their common goals by supporting and
encouraging each other as well as it helps them to build a better relationship and can easily
resolve the business complex salutation and uncertain events as a group that enhance overall
performance of firm among competitive industry.
TASK 2
P2 Content and Process Theory of Motivation
Motivation is considered as one of of the integral part in an organisation as it contains the
ability to influence or inspire manpower towards the accomplishment of organisational goal or
objective. There are two types of motivational theories content and process theory. However,
content theory is mainly focus on satisfying individual need while process theory focal point is
over employees behaviour.
Content Theory
It states that fulfilling human demands and needs as each individuals demand keeps on
changes for which BBC has to imply Maslow hierarchy need theory of motivation in order to
bring high level of satisfaction among employees and that is described below:
Physiological needs: This involves human being basic requirement which they demand
for their survival i.e. food, clothing, shelter. Therefore, BBC should provide enough reward to
employees so that they can meet out their basic needs in an effective way.
Safety and security needs: It covers personal, job security and employment safety etc.
that impact firms functional unit (Castille, Buckner and Thoroughgood, 2018). Thus, BBC
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should apply some safety measures like employment order, security which enrich its
employees morale and they remain within firm for longer time.
Social needs: It includes belongingness, family, friends which effect organisation
proficiency ratio. Hence, BBC generate a healthy and better relationship with subordinates that
improves the overall performance of firm.
Esteem needs: It is considered as highest position among other human needs as it hinder
or foster the mindset or motivation of each manpower. For e.g. achievement, self respect,
confidence, status, recognition etc.
Self- actualisation needs: It is the last and high priority level of need in which an
individual decides to grow or develop to their fullest potentiality to accomplish organisational
vision or target. For e.g. self – fulfilment, personal growth, creativity etc.
Alderfer's ERG theory
It consist of three basic needs an employee seeks to fulfil and it is utilised as a frustration
– regression principle where an already satisfied lower level need can be re-activated during
confronted with impossibility of satisfying a higher level one.
Existence: It relates with person physical needs such as food, clothing and shelter.
Relatedness:This signifies to a person interpersonal requirements within personal and
professional settings.
Growth: Under this, individuals person need of personal development.
However, it is interlinked with Maslow hierarchy theory as self actualisation is connects
with growth. On the other hand, self esteem and social needs is relates with relatedness. Safety
and physiological needs links with existence.
From the above discussed theory, BBC will be able to identify each employees
requirements and demands, based on that they takes initiative to render fair reward so that
employees can satisfy their needs in an cost efficient manner. Moreover, it impact positively over
individual an team members in order to achieve their organisational goals within prescribed time
limit. However, BBC can adopt Maslow Hierarchy need theory as it enable them to examine its
employees need or wants and based on that they make corrective course of action in order to
strengthen their morale and motivation level. Moreover, they should render a fair reward or
salary so that they can meet out their requirement in a better way and can put their full
contribution towards an attainment of high productivity and profitability ratio.
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Process Theory
Under this, it's centring point is to analysing individuals behaviour or perception and
based on that they company make corrective course of action. It includes VROOM Expectancy
theory which is described below:
Valence: It refers to emotional orientation people hold with respect to outcomes
(rewards). Each employees demands for different degree of rewards i.e. intrinsic and extrinsic, so
BBC properly analyses the interest and need of individual and provide them fair incentives.
Expectancy: Every manpower has different expectation and levels of confidence about
what they are capable of doing. Thus, BBC management discovers what resources, training or
supervision employees need and render them best working condition (Chen and Sheldon, 2016).
Instrumentality: Under this, subordinates seeks whether management fulfils the promises
which manager did to them and it effects employees motivation level. Thus, BBC ensures that
the promises of rewards are bring fulfilled and it is aware by employees also.
Adam's Equity Theory
It signifies that people are motivated if they are treated equitably, and receive what they
consider fair for their effort and cost. According to this theory, people compare their contribution
to work, cost of their action and benefits that results into effort and welfare of reference person.
Furthermore, at workplace each manpower put input into job such as education, experience,
energy and expect to get some outcome such as salary, reward, promotion, verbal recognition
each in equal amount. By this, BBC can be enable be examine each personnel potentiality and it
boost team members morale that help organisation to attain high level of productivity and
profitability ratio.
However, from the above states theories each of them has its own pros and cons which
impact firms productivity and profitability. Thus, content theory is most effective for BBC as it
can applicable in all aspects of life and company can examine the needs of workforce and it
helps them to fulfil those demands in an effective and efficient manner. Moreover, it encourages
individuals and team members to put their full effort towards the accomplishment of business
objective which helps them to obtain maximisation of profit with an optimum utilisation of
resources.
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TASK 3
P3 Define what makes an effective team as opposed to ineffective team
Team: Team is defined as a group of people which works together so that objectives and
goals of company can be achieved in a unified manner. In this context, team member in BBC are
required to work in a coordinated way so that they can unleash their true potential and achieve
individual and team targets.
Team work: It is referred to the collaborative efforts of a team so that business
objectives can be attained in an efficient and effective way. With the help of capable employees,
teamwork in BBC can be performed desirably. In respect with businesses, there are two kinds of
team i.e. effective and ineffective team (Kanfer and Chen, 2016).
Effective team: It is formed by group of those people which are capable and efficient to
work in a systematic manner. This team is able to work in an organised manner due to which it
will became easier for business organisations to attain success. In respect with BBC,
characteristics of effective team are given below:
 Clear purpose: These team has a clear motive and purpose that helps them in
accomplishing business work in a timely and proper manner. If teams will not have any
clear purpose or target, then it will became difficult for employees both at individual and
organisational level to identify the right direction to achieve organisational objectives.
 Open communication: An effective team promotes open communication due to which
all team members are given the chance to share their ideas and opinion. This helps the
manager of BBC to take appropriate decisions due to which achieving organisational
goals became easier.
Ineffective team: This team consists of those employees which are reluctant in
performing work in a systematic manner. This team is not able to accomplish work in a timely
manner due to which organisational productivity reduces. Characteristics of ineffective teams are
given below:
 Errors and negativity: An ineffective team is prone to more negativity and errors that
can reduce the working morale of employees at team and individual level. It can reduce
the overall productivity of BBC in a considerable manner. Hence, it is vital for manager
in BBC to make team by taking capable employees so that chances of error and
negativity can reduce (Ismail, 2015).
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 Work distribution- In an ineffective team, work is not divided in an appropriate way
due to which people getting more work feel stressed and their working potential get
reduced. It can visibly reduce the profitability of BBC. Hence, it is important for manager
in BBC to distribute work to team members in equal amount so that productivity level
can be maintained.
Different type of teams in BBC
 Functional team: This team is associated with a particular function such as purchasing
function, sales function, designing function etc. When people from these groups work
together in BBC, they will be an functional team.
 Cross functional team: In this kind of team, people from other departments and
functions works together so that a common goal can be attained. For example, one-one
person from broadcasting team, designing team and maintenance team can formulate a
cross functional team in BBC.
 Virtual team: This team do not have a face to face interaction. They work together with
the help of technology and digital media. This team in BBC will have people from
different culture, background and expertise which will communicate with the help of
mobile, internet, laptops etc.
 Self-directed team: These teams work together according to their wish and they are not
given a specific project. These teams in BBC will perform their work according to their
will, management will not specify them work.
Impact of technology on team: With the help of technology, different teams in BBC can
interact with one another in a proper manner. They can communicate any time and resolve their
issues and grievances without any difficulties. This will enhance their productivity due to which
they will deliver their best performance and BBC will be able to acquire a strong presence in
marketplace.
Differences in effective and ineffective team
Effective team Ineffective team
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