Analysis of Organisational Structures and Culture in the NHS

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational structures and culture within the National Health Service (NHS). It begins by examining different management styles, including bureaucratic, administrative, human relations, and classical approaches, and their application within the NHS. The report then delves into the concept of organisational behaviour (OB), exploring its key components such as individual differences, motivated behaviour, ethics, and the value of a person, as well as the importance of human dignity and social systems. It further investigates the relationship between organisational behaviour, motivation, and reflection, highlighting their impact on organisational performance. The report also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of various motivation theories, such as Maslow's Need theory and Herzberg's Two-Factor theory. Finally, the report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the interconnectedness of management approaches, employee motivation, organisational behaviour, and reflective practices in driving performance within the NHS.

Organisational Structures
and Culture

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P 4 Different approaches to management style ..........................................................................1
M 3 Roles of management in public services ............................................................................2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................2
P 5 Concept of organizational behaviour (OB)...........................................................................2
P 6 Relationship between organizational behaviour and motivation and reflection...................3
M 2 Advantages and Disadvantages of theories of motivation...................................................4
D 2 Management approaches, motivations theory, OB and reflection of impact on
performance ...............................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................5

INTRODUCTION
Organizational culture includes values and attitudes that add to specific social and mental
environment of company. It influences way interaction of people which created knowledge and
resistance to changes accordingly. On the other side, organizational structure determines
different actions like allocation of work, coordination and supervision are oriented towards
accomplishment aims of company(Carlos Pinho, Paula Rodrigues and Dibb, 2014).This study is
based on National Health Services (NHS) which is public fund national health care system for
England. This report will identify different approaches to management styles and concept of
organizational behaviour within business. It will examine relationship between motivation and
organizational behaviour as well as reflection impact of performance in the workplace.
TASK 1
P 4 Different approaches to management style
Management style is the special way about achieving objectives by managers of
organization. These styles change by firm level of management and even from person to person.
In order to that, manager has adopted various style for effective management and achieving goals
of organization. On other side, there are different approaches to management that follow by
manager for achieving objectives of company.
Bureaucratic Approach: Management approaches and styles are linked with each other.
Bureaucratic approach includes authoritative and autocratic style of management. Bureaucracy is
the most efficient form of company. Firm has well defined line of authority. It has followed clear
rules and regulation strictly. There are two components involving defining clear rules and
hierarchy structure of organization. There are some principles includes in this approach such as
division of labour, chain of command, completed rules, selection and promotion based on
qualification. Autocratic managers make sure that follow this approaches and its principles in the
workplaces.
Administrative Approach: This approach involves democratic and visionary style to
management. This approach is based on conception of division that means various action to
performed for accomplishing common aim of NHS. Administrative theory directs on improving
skillfulness of management(Chumg and et.al., 2016).There are many principles such as division
of work, disciplines, unity of command, order, equity, centralization, unity of direction etc. So
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that democratic managers follow all principles and approach for accomplishing objectives of
NHS.
Human relation Approach: This theory is studied belief that person desire to be part of
supportive team that facilitates improvement and development. So that, manager has followed
participative style to management of process of NHS. Participative manager has encouraged staff
to participating in solving the conflicts in the workplace. This approach focus on relationship
between societal factor and productiveness. This main feature of human relation theory such as
building inter-personal relationships between people, achieving high motivation and larger
production at workplace.
Classical Approach: In this approach, company consists as machine and human being as
various part of device. It includes built on accounting model and detecting errors and correcting
it. Classical approach taken up with amount of output than human beings. Mankind consists to be
unchangeable relatively in the company(Elsmore, 2017).In this approach, clear structure,
functions and operations for management of organization. This theory increase productivity by
appropriate division of labour in the company.
M 3 Roles of management in public services
The management plays various important role in National Health Service such as plaining
of policies of health care services, making decisions relate to treatment of patients, organizing
different training programs for staff to provide services to patients, coordinating with staff for
giving effective health care services to public. In this context, manager of NHS follow
democratic management style and administrative approach for different tasks such as making
decision with consulting staff for providing the best health care services to public. By adopt this
approach, manager has also followed various principles such as clear rules, chain of command
etc. to management.
TASK 2
P 5 Concept of organizational behaviour (OB)
Organization behaviour(OB) is founded on some of important concepts that resolve
around nature of the people and companies. It includes individual differences, motivated
behaviour, ethics, value of person etc.
Individual Difference: Every person is different from others in the worldwide. So that,
their ideas and thoughts are also different. It includes thoughts comes from psychology. The
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personal experience and specific different form others. Every person differs in various ways such
as learning capacities, personality, ability to communication etc. Some time individual difference
impact of behaviour of the national health service.
Motivated Behaviour: Every individual has different needs, so that they need to fulfil
wants for effective performance in the national health service. Some of motivation improve
behaviour and increasing quality of work in the company. This helps to employees for improving
behaviour of organization in relation to provide the best health services to people. It includes
personality and work behaviour in the workplaces.
Value of person: Worker needs to bee treated individually from another factor of
production, capital, real property and working class. They need to treated with carrying respect,
dignity and other things form their employers and social group. It includes self image, self
respect and self awareness in the national health services(Ruck, Welch and Menara, 2017).
Human dignity: Every people needs to be delicacy with dignity and respect that concept
is very belief. People are treated differently from other elements of production, because of, they
are universe of high order. It identifies human dignity because of people are higher order. The
theory of human dignity evaluate the thoughts of utilizing workers as economic tools. This
impact on behaviour of the individual and organization.
Social System: It includes responsibility, relationship, language, personal likes and
dislikes etc. in social system. It is made deliberately and consciously. This concept influences on
behaviour of the individual and organization. This behaviour is primary effected by team and
individual drives. This concept help in improve performance and behaviour in the workplace.
They have also social roles and status as well as psychological needs.
Ethics: They are many morale principles of single, team and company. Ethical treatment
and setting moral standards are necessary to attract and keep valuable workers(Weiss, 2014). In
this context, NHS are setting code of ethics training rewards for valued ethical attitude. This
concept influences behaviour of individual and organization.
P 6 Relationship between organizational behaviour and motivation and reflection
Employee motivation, organizational behaviour, motivation and reflection impacts on
performance of organization. All the factors are interrelated with each other that help in
improving performance and behaviour of organization. In this context, relation between
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motivation, organizational behaviour and reflective impacts on execution and behaviour of
National Health Service.
Organizational Behaviour Individual Motivation Reflection impact
Company has followed
different concepts such as
motivated behaviour, social
system, human dignity, code
of ethics, individual
differences etc. influences on
performance of organization.
If NHS follow all concepts
effectively, so that they are
improved behaviour of
organization. It this context,
company needs to set different
ethics and values of individual
for effective working in the
organization.
Motivation is the necessary to
improve behaviour and
performance of individual at
the workplace. With the help
of it, employees are better
performed in the workplace. In
this context, NHS follow
different theory of motivation
such as Maslow's Need,
Herzberg's two factor, Vroom
expectancy theory for improve
motivation of employees in
organization (Weiss, 2014). In
addition to that, firm need to
develop motivation to their
employees by dividing
impressive work division and
responsibility for better
performance in the
organization. If individual
motivation level has increased,
so that they are effectively in
team and build relationship
with other team members.
An individual can be evaluate
their own behaviour and
performance by determining
weakness and threats of own.
Individual follow different
reflection theory such as
Gibbes reflective cycle,
Dewey model etc. They also
increasing their learning
capacities, monitoring and
evaluating to own issues and
conflicts for improving their
execution at workplace.
Individual solve their conflicts
and issues at own level by
utilising different ways in the
workplace. With the help of it,
they are improved their
performance and behaviour in
the National Health Service.
M 2 Advantages and Disadvantages of theories of motivation
Theories of management help in managing people and whole organization for achieving
goals of National Health Services.
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Advantage of Maslow's Need theory:
 This approach help in build relationship with human and behaviour of organization.
 It aids in involvement and participations of employees.
Disadvantage of Maslow's Need theory:
 There is no comprehensive and lack of information between staff.
 It is difficult to predict workplace behaviour.
Advantages of Herzberg's Tow factor:
 This theory help in increasing satisfaction level by motivational factor.
 This approach assists in achievement to individual.
Disadvantage of Herzberg's Tow factor:
 In hygiene factor, increase dissatisfaction level of employees by working conditions.
 This also decrease motivation level of workers in organization.
D 2 Management approaches, motivations theory, OB and reflection of impact on performance
Management approaches, Employee motivation, organizational behaviour, motivation
and reflection impacts on performance of organization. All the factors are interrelated with each
other that help in improving performance and behaviour of organization. In this context, relation
between motivation, organizational behaviour and reflective impacts on execution and behaviour
of National Health Service.
CONCLUSION
This report has summarised that different management approaches such as human
relation, behavioural in national health services. It can be concluded that Relationship between
organizational behaviour and motivation and reflection impacts on performance of firm.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Carlos Pinho, J., Paula Rodrigues, A. and Dibb, S., 2014. The role of corporate culture, market
orientation and organisational commitment in organisational performance: the case of
non-profit organisations. Journal of Management Development. 33(4). pp.374-398.
Chumg, H. F. and et.al., 2016. Factors affecting employees' knowledge-sharing behaviour in the
virtual organisation from the perspectives of well-being and organisational
behaviour. Computers in Human Behavior. 64. pp.432-448.
Elsmore, P., 2017. Organisational Culture: Organisational Change?: Organisational Change?.
Routledge.
Ruck, K., Welch, M. and Menara, B., 2017. Employee voice: An antecedent to organisational
engagement?. Public Relations Review. 43(5). pp.904-914.
Weiss, J.W., 2014. Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-
Koehler Publishers.
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