Nescot H/508/0525 Unit 12 Organisational Behaviour Report: Performance

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of organisational behaviour, examining the intricate relationships between culture, power, and politics, and their profound influence on individual and team performance within the context of Walmart. The report explores how power dynamics, cultural norms, and organisational politics shape employee behaviour and productivity. It further investigates various motivational theories and their application in achieving organisational goals, evaluating the impact of leadership styles and team development strategies. The analysis encompasses critical evaluations of these factors, highlighting their relevance in fostering effective teams, promoting employee engagement, and ultimately, driving business success. The report also provides practical recommendations for enhancing organisational effectiveness by addressing the interplay between politics, culture, power, and motivation to improve team performance and overall business productivity.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Influence of organisation culture, power, and politics on individual and team performance.
................................................................................................................................................1
M1: Critical evaluation of how Impact of power, culture and politics on individual and team
behaviour and performance....................................................................................................4
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................6
P2 Motivational theories for the effective achievement of organisational goals...................6
M2: Critical evaluate the influence of behaviour with effective application of behavioural
theories of motivational concepts and models........................................................................8
D1: Evaluate the relationship between politics, culture, power & motivation that can enable
teams to provide recommendations........................................................................................9
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................9
P3 Effective team opposed in ineffective team......................................................................9
M3: Analyse the team and group development for supporting and cooperation in effective
teams.....................................................................................................................................10
Task 4.............................................................................................................................................11
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour.................................................11
M4: Evaluate various concepts & philosophies of OB in a business situation....................12
D2: Critically evaluate the relevance of team development, concepts and theories that can
influence productivity of a business.....................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is related with the individual and environmental behaviour. It is
related to a relationship that exit between company and individual. Organisational behaviour &
growth of an organisation is always having a inert relation with each other. If employees have to
perform a task then they have to be very effective in performing in all the duties assigned to them
and it has a very strong relation with overall behaviour of an organisation. The present report is
based on Wal-Mart that is a big retail store having present in UK and other different parts of
world. Wal-Mart is a multinational corporation that is a chain of hypermarkets and grocery stores
(Antonakisand House, 2013.). It was founded in the year 1962. They are having presence in 27
countries and are operating in 55 different types of names. The present report is based on
politics, power and culture and its influence on performance of an organisation. Further there is
discussion of theories of motivation, performance of an organisation and philosophy of a
organisation.
TASK
P1 Influence of organisation culture, power and politics on individual and team performance.
The culture, power and politics of a organisation are some of the factors that can have a
influence on the team performance and individual performance. These are the factors that can
posses a impact on the team and individual performance (Ball, 2012). Such factors are related
with overall growth are of the organisation. Power is a basic means that is influencing employees
& their working behaviour. Managers have enough capability to influence such employee
behaviour and then further guide them to work towards right direction. Power is one such
important factor that is helping in controlling the negative behaviour and fostering desired
behaviour of employees.
Influence of power on individual and team
Power is applied for the purpose of motivating and providing guidance to employees so
that their productivity can be enhanced and at same time the task assigned to them can be
completed in the given time frame. There is completion of the task in the manner required. In
such type of cases, there are seem decision that have to be made such as giving of rewards,
encouragement of employees, assignment of responsibilities etc. There are some objectives that
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have to be achieved by exercising of power. In no organisation can there be smooth functioning
that can take place without exercising of peer.
Power is applied by mangers in Walmart so that they are able to provide guidance and
motivation to their whole workforce (Chevallier, and et. al., 2012). In such type of decisions
mostly decisions have to be made according to assigned work. These are some of the decisions
that involve activities such as responsibilities, roles, rewards, encouraging of employees to
improve their performance etc. No duties & objectives can be performed with use of power.
Such decisions are made by employees for their betterment and overall growth. It also helpful in
reduction of turnover of employees. In case of organisational power, there are some theories that
are being used in context of Wal-Mart as mentioned below:
Coercive power- Coercive is a power that is provided to individuals with a objective of
punishment or termination of employees. In Wal-Mart this is a power that is assigned to CEO
and managers of a organisation. Such type of power is used for generation of maximum output
from employees.
 Reward power- It is a power that is given to a specific person with a objective of
proving reward, promotions, training etc. In Wal-Mart, this power is used by the board so
that they are able to keep their employees motivated enough and their skills & overall
knowledge can be increased with time so that it can help in increasing the team
performance (Dolan,. and et. al., 2017).
 Legitimate power- it is a power that is provide to a individual according to organisation
position. In case of Wal-Mart, CEO is having the authority to posses control on their
employees. This power can be used for purpose of enhancement of team and individual
level of performance. It is also very helpful for the management in understanding how to
manage their level of performance of employees
 Referent power- It is a type of power that can influence the working of all the employees
in an organisation. In Wal-Mart this is a power that is used by various leaders so that a
confidence can be generated in increasing their performance level so that a loyalty can be
developed making employees as individuals.
 Expert power- It is regarded as a power that is provide to individuals for possessing a
proper knowledge and skills with specialisation to a particular field. It helps Wal-Mart to
have speciality in every function that is being performed by all the employees at a given
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point of time as employees are performing nest according to best of their capabilities. It is
also very helpful in management of their skills and capabilities at their best. This refers to
the power given to the individual for having proper knowledge and skills in a particular
field.
Influence of politics on individual and team
Politics of an organisation can be described as various informal efforts and strategies that can
have a impact on the business activities and selling of a idea and use of power. Political
behaviour is basically divided in three parts such as personal, structural and decisional (Geppert.
and Dörrenbächer, 2014). In Wal-Mart attempts must be made by the organisation to make
timely and profitable decisions from point of the organisation. There is a influence of politics on
team & individual behaviour as it is given below:
 Decrease in the productivity- It can be observed that employees get involve on politics
of organisation as they are not able to concentrate towards the actual work that has to be
performed by them. Employees feel more interested in finding the mistakes and then
development of individual performance is restricting.
 Spoils the Ambience- In every organisation politics may result into creation of a
negative environment and more mismanaging. It can also result into spoiling of the
relationship between management, employer and employees. So it results into a negative
environment at workplace
Change in attitude of employees- politics in a organisation can impact the overall attitude
of employees and their dedication level. It can have a impact on demotivation of employees in
case of Wal-Mart so that their performance is also getting affected in a negative manner
(Kiatkawsin,. and Han, 2017).
Influence of culture on individual and team- There are some factors that are resulted
into values, norms and have to be followed by these individuals. In Walmart a culture is build by
the management and has to be followed by all the workers. Model has to be a Handy’s cultural
typology that is related to a specific culture & norms. It is further divided into 4 parts:
Power culture- It can be assigned to superior in a organisation and their control, in Wal-
Mart, there are employees posses power and control on their employees. In Wal-Mart, this is a
type of culture that can help in increasing their level of performance
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Role culture- It is a culture that is in concern with the responsibilities and roles of
employees. In Wal-Mart, managers are playing a very significant role assigning them with
overall responsibilities. It can be said that in Wal-Mart there is proper assignment of overall
responsibilities and roles based on skills & knowledge so that overall self confidence can be
improved.
Person culture- It is a type of culture that is providing various opportunities to
employees so that they can showcase their level of talent. In Wal-Mart, employees have to work
hard so that they can use their talent in a more efficient manner and further contribute towards
the roles assigned to them (Rowold2014). Individuals are always highly motivated so that they
are able to make more contribution towards new creative and innovative ideas in case any new
decision is being made by the management
Task culture- It is also a very popular culture in which focus is on providing motivation of
employees so that they can provide best output towards organisation. In Wal-Mart, employee’s
posses’ team spirit so that teams and individuals are highly motivated towards more focus on
professional and personal objectives both, it can be said that a balance is maintained is task
culture is followed by employees
M1: Critical evaluation of how Impact of power, culture and politics on individual and team
behaviour and performance
individual behaviour &
performance
team behaviour and
performance
Power Managers in every
organisation have to assign
various tasks to individuals
and these tasks have to be
assigned in a more appropriate
manner (Wood., and et.al.,
2016). If the task is not allotted
in an appropriate manner then
work will also not be
completed in given time frame
If in any case excessive power
is used by management in
Wal-Mart then it can result
into a very high pressure on
employees and this may result
into reduction in their
satisfaction level and the
working environment of the
organisation will also be
affected in a negative manner.
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and this is going to result into
having an impact on overall
productivity of an
organisation.
There will be highly
dissatisfaction among the
overall power is exercised on
the working pattern of
employees.
Culture In Wal-Mart, if the power is
assigned and allotted to
individuals then it can affect
the working environment and
also the culture that can create
a feeling of satisfaction among
employees (McShane, and et.
al., 2018).
In case of culture of a
organisation there are many
changes that are taking place
in a continuous manner.
Individuals and teams are also
getting affected from such type
of changes, like teams and
individuals have to make
changes in their working style.
It can be in both negative and
positive manner and it is the
responsibility of management
to make sure that there is
minimization of such negative
impact and maximisation of
positive impact.
Politics In every organisation
individuals have the
responsibility to increase the
efficiency of all individuals
working in an organisation.
Employee Behaviour is also
impacted by the level of
politics flourishing in
organisation, high amount if
When in case of Wal-Mart if
all individuals will be involved
into high politics then it can
result into reduction of team
performance and also
reduction in the efficiency of
employees. It can also lead
towards a situation of
dissatisfaction among all the
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negative politics also leads to
reduction in employee
productivity.
employees and it can be seen
in the reduced level of
performance
Task 2
P2 Motivational theories for the effective achievement of organisational goals
Motivation is a very important aspect in every organisation that is helping in overall
smooth functioning by employees. It is also having a direct relationship with interest of
employees and can pose a effective and positive impact (Knights, and Willmott, eds., 2016). It is
because of the motivation that is given to employees that they arte able to work towards
achievement of overall objectives. There are certain motivational theories that are discussed
below:
Content theory- It can be defined as some of the factors that are related with the changes
of needs and wants if employees. In Wal-Mart this is helping the management in analysing some
off the factors that can help in motivation of employees it consist of a motivational theory as
discussed below:
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Illustration 1: Hierarchy of Human Needs:
Maslow’s Model of Motivation

Source: The Hierarchy of Human Needs: Maslow’s Model of Motivation. 2018
Maslow's need hierarchy theory- Maslow’s theory of need hierarchy is concerned with
the overall requirements that is basically categorised in four categories. In the present discussion
this is a theory that is being explained in reference to Wal-Mart and is further divided in the
categories as mentioned below:
Physiological needs- It consist of the basic needs that are part of a human life and consist of
different aspects such as water, shelter, food etch, it is related with some of the basic needs that
are part of employees in Wal-Mart and these have to be compulsorily fulfilled in order to fulfil
basic needs of every human being. It is very helpful in increasing performance of employees and
is also very helpful in achievement of goals of a organisation by meeting up of such basic
requirements.
Safety and security needs- These are some of the needs that are having relation with the
safety, health and job security aspects of an individual. In Wal-Mart there is a requirement to
implement such safety measures so that employees are able to increase their level of
performance. It is related with the security of employees that have to be considered so that
belongingness can be generated towards their organisation.
Social needs- There are some of the social aspects such as social interactions, companionship
etc. In Wilmer managers have to make a emphasis on maintaining of better and effective
communication channels so that there is further enhancement of performance and they can be
motivated so that they are able to work in a more effective manner (James, 2017). It is a very
important aspect from point of achievement of organisation’s objectives and goals
Esteem needs- There are some of the aspect that are having relation with appreciation and
recognition of employees in Wal-Mart. If a employees is provided timely rewards and
appreciation for their higher level of performance then it will result into achievement of
organisations objectives.
Self-actualization needs- such type of needs are those that are being generated and are in
consideration with the satisfaction level of employees. In case these needs are satisfied the it
helps in maximum motivation that can be achieved by a individual. It will also result into
performance of all the assigned work in desirable manner and with time it results into
maintaining of a effective workforce which making a contribution towards the objectives that has
been set by the top administration of Wal-Mart.
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Process theory- It is a theory that is used as a part of behavioural and psychological
process that is helping in influencing the performance of employees in Wal-Mart (Hyypiä,
Oikarinenand Parjanen, 2016). In this organisation, it is helping in motivation and further having
a maximum contribution of employees towards such achievement of objectives. This theory is
explained below:
Vroom's expectancy theory- It is a theory that is impacting the performance of
employees. In which employee performance is depended and is having internal relation with all
other factors such as experience, skills, personality etc. Of an individual this is helping the
managers in Wal-Mart in achievement of personal as well as organisational goals and targets. It
is a theory that is discussed further:
 Valence- It can be regarded as a orientation of people towards providing them with
rewards (Dunphy, 2016). It is also very helpful for Wal-Mart in providing them with
intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. Managers must be aware of the wants and needs of
employees refers to the emotional orientations people have with the rewards. It will result
into achievement of the goals of organisation and also in improvement of individual level
of performance.
 Expectancy- Employees in case of Wal-Mart, posses the responsibility to work towards
their overall expectations. If all such expectations are fulfilled than it will lead towards
achievement of their goals.
 Instrumentality- It is a basic perception about employees as regards to what they have to
do in order to work towards the set goals. In Wal-Mart, management is willing to provide
rewards and keep all the basic needs of employees properly satisfied so that they are
always willing to make a significant contribution towards achievement of such
objectives.
M2: Critical evaluate the influence of behaviour with effective application of behavioural
theories of motivational concepts and models
Motivational theories such as Maslow’s motivation theory is very helpful individuals the
needs of individuals in five different categories, which makes it easy for management in Wal-
Mart to focus towards employees needs (Vance, Siponen, and Pahnila, S2012). On other hand,
process theories such as vroom expectancy theory is also resulting into developing a basic
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understanding of the external factors and qualities such as skills, abilities and experience of a
individual that can help in better productivity.
D1: Evaluate the relationship between politics, culture, power & motivation that can enable
teams to provide recommendations
In every organisation culture, power and politics plays a very important role in developing a
culture so that there is effectiveness in all the function that is being performed by employees at
various levels. It is sued for constructive purposes such as maintaining a work balance. If there is
any culture that is negative thane it may lead to reduction in efficiency of employees at same
time negative politics will also impact the disintegration of organisation. Power may also result
into negative behaviour of exercised on a negative manner.
Task 3
P3 Effective team opposed in ineffective team
In an organisation team can be defined as a group of people that have different skills that
have to be completed in order to assigned job. Team is playing a significant role in the
achievement of goals of organisation. It is helping teams to get the work done with more amount
of coordination. Teams are further categorised into ineffective and effective.
Team is a group of people or employee in an organisation with different skills and
capabilities who are required to finish a given set of tasks. Team plays an important role in
achieving goals for an organisation. It helps getting works done in coordination. There are
effective as well as ineffective teams:
Effective team is one which helps an organisation in achieving its goals. Wal-Mart
focuses on making its team effective as it leads an organisation towards growth. Characteristics
of effective team are-
 Establishing Company’s Goal- In Walmart goals can be effectively achieved by an
effective team. This helps in managing all work and task of company effectively and
managers can thus achieve goals.
 Clear Purpose- All members in team have a purpose. They are important for team as
well as for the organisation. They will feel belongingness and help in achieving targets.
An ineffective team is one which lacks in communication, coordination; job roles are
unevenly distributed and do not benefit an organisation. This leads to a disbalance of tasks in an
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