Organisational Behaviour Report: Leadership and Motivation

This report on organisational behaviour explores the dynamics within an organisation, focusing on how culture, power, and politics influence individual and team behaviour and performance. It delves into motivational theories, including content and process theories, and examines techniques for achieving organisational goals. The report also analyses the characteristics that distinguish effective teams from ineffective ones, highlighting aspects such as communication, collaboration, and leadership styles. The report also discusses the types of organisational culture and their impact on employee performance and overall company success, providing insights into how various factors intertwine to shape an organisation's environment and outcomes.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................3
P1organisational culture politics and power influence individual team behaviour and performance.
...........................................................................................................................................................3
P2 How content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective
achievement of goals in an organisational context............................................................................6
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team..............................................9
P4 concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational context. .......11
CONCLUSION.......................................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES.........................................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is to understand the knowledge about interactions within groups
.It is the study to create more efficient environment in an organisation. A W Holding
Company Limited is providing sales leads and sales data. Company is world famous, A W
Holding Company Limited is a multi-national company which is providing services to the
customer all over the world, This file discusses about the influence of culture politics and
power on the behaviour of others in A W Holding Company Limited. How to motivate
individual and teams to achieve the goals of an organisation that means how process theories
of motivation and the techniques affect employee to achieve goals, How to cooperate
effectively with others, Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour to a given
business situation.
P1organisational culture politics and power influence individual team behaviour and
performance.
Every organisation has its political structure which is helpful to provides opportunity to
those who wants to develop their career and this structure provides them a platform. There
are many definitions comes of power in any organisation like power is a capacity to influence
behaviour of others. As well as it is a force this comes out in the form of result. it is ability or
probability which a person carry inside and uses in the different different situation. Power is a
situational factor which comes out in the situations. In an organisation power implies more
rights of managers which he use on his employees. Second thing is organisational politics has
taken over for the bad purposes mostly because politics in organisation has shown negative
impact inside or outside the company. Somehow power and politics both factors are inter

relates to each other because power comes from politics. All these things like culture power
and politics affects the operations day to day. Because somehow power and politics both
factors are inter related to the culture of an organisation.
` In the business world power and politics and the culture of the company all three factors
determine the growth and the future of the company management and leadership both thing
based on the power and politics. The term power indicates behaviour social responsibility
culture of organisation and behaviours and the all type of management teams. And politics
indicates towards culture in the organisation structure personal and the positions of all the
superiors and their values. Basically there are four types of power comes from the different
different sources these are written below.
1. Reward power- It is a power or responsibility of someone who take the department of
reward system and who has power to distribute the rewards among the all employees.
So it depends on the rights of someone.
2. Coercive power- it is all most different power from reward system. This type of
power is all about to force some one to do something against their wish. It is a power
which is used by the dictators mostly this type of power sounds in negative way .but
some time it help to keep peace.
3. Legitimate power – this power indicates the obey of superiors not because of their
personality because of their position and designation. As an example of police all the
policeman does not recognise by their personalities . people obey them because of
their position.
4. Expert power- this type of power is all about the skills and knowledge of seniors who
is more experienced. This type of power helps to sought out any problem in difficult

situations. Team leaders can use this power. And organisation can perform more
effectively.
Organisational politics
Politics means to use the power to manipulate others for the benefit of any person this
type of politics can affect an individual and team work. Because employees would not
work effectively in this type of situations.`Organisational politics can be divided into
two parts first one is if a superior person has power to distribute his work to another
employee to do his work in proper ways. And the second type of politics is gaming
which plays someone in organisation there are always some persons who manipulate
others .so this type of politics affect the organisational performance. All the
employees should be treated equally. so they can work more effectively.
Organisational culture- There are four types of organisational culture.
1. Creative company culture- this culture is about to provide platforms to employees
by leader. To express their skills and they can utilize their creativity. Because
this types of platforms can be useful and beneficial for the company to compete
other companies by using innovative ideas of the employees this type of culture
can be affect the teamwork or an individual performance means if employees will
works effectively it can be cause of maximum profit of the A W Holding
Company Limited company.
2. Collaborative company culture- this type of culture is heavily affect the
teamwork. There are difference between collaborative and creative companies are
only about creativity and aggressiveness if company would collobrate with other
company , team members and individuals can feel uncomfortable to work with
others in A W Holding Company Limited.

3. Competitive culture- in this type of culture main focus are based on an individual
performance rather than teamwork. Because this culture shows the winning
achievements this culture based on the effective work performance so they would
judge on individual bases .
4. Controlled company culture- this is the hierarchy based culture which has made
by the leaders of the company mainly manufacturing and finance companies
adopted this culture for the future plans and performance and this type of culture
can affect manufacturing unit and finance unit of the A W Holding Company
Limited .
Finally on the basis on above discussion if A W Holding Company Limited company
adopted any culture for any department it can be affect to performance of employees. Like for
an example if Mark and Spencer Company adopt only Written Communication for the HR
department and other side there is a marketing department where loud conversation and
discussion always happens.
P2 How content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals in an organisational context
Motivation term used for desire works of any person. There are many kinds of motivational
techniques through which motivation can get like there are some people who always works
for the money. And they work harder for the work and earn financial rewards so there are
many ways to motivate people like- by the money and by financial security of life time and
their passion. Here comes many factors for the motivation. But according to many researches
it has founded that there is a relation between motivation and behaviour both are the main
symbols in the context of company(Jacobs and Goodman.,2018). Many parameters have
founded that higher performance and work need higher motivation because productivity of

the company is depend upon the performance of the employees. Managers take an interest to
motivate their employees because their motivational speech can be a reason of more
productivity and benefits. So there are two main theories of motivation they are written
below-
Content theory- content theories helps to analysis the factors which which are plying main
role to stop behaviour there are commonly four type of content theories-
1. Maslow theory
2. Clayton p aldermen theory
3. Federick Herzberg theory
4. David c. MCclelland theory
All these theory mainly imply that an individual are unique persons and they
have unique qualities. So it can be helpful for the superiors to understand the
motivation source of motivation of each employee. According to theses theory
any particular need should be identified. Content theory based on the
frequently change in the need of human. Process theory is based on the
process which affect the motivation regarding expectations and goals.some
how both the theories has made for the purpose of motivation.
Maslow hierarchy of needs- Maslow has originated five step and they are-
Physiological needs. Social need . Safety need. Self-actualisation need.
Esteem needs. According to this theory an individual if touches the first level
of need then after he try to achieve next level of need. So overall this theory
says an individual fulfil their needs according to hierarchical order. Like there
are some steps comes behind every step. So employees would have to achieve

goals step by step(Jacobs and Goodman,2018).Expectancy is all about the
reward system which helps to motivate employees. In this type of case
employee feel special towards the company and he contribute his more and
more efforts for the company. And employees starts to keep expectations from
the company instead of their work and efforts and they will work more
effectively and it will help to achieve organisational objectives. Equity is
about how an individual has compared with another employee in same
organisation it will help to ensure all the employees to treat them all equally it
will help to achieve organisational objectives.
Create positive work Environment- It is an important thing for managers to
create positive environment in A W Holding Company Limited because positive
work environment encourage the teamwork or an individual to work more
effectively by sharing their ideas and their performance.
Set goals- It is helpful to establish desire goals of employee as well as of
company. This ill help for employees of A W Holding Company Limited put their
efforts.
Share profits- It helps to earn money when employees contribute their efforts to
increase in income of company. So it should be necessary for the company to
share profits equally according to their work and contributions.
Provide incentives- it is form of motivation by providing them incentive for their
work. Company provides inactive for the individuals to work as team and in a
same direction there are two types of incentives-financial incentive include cash

prices and gifts. And non-financial include the appreciation for work and
promotions etc.
Recognize achievement- where an employee should be recognizing for his
special achievement. He should be highlight in the company or address on the
cover page of website(Hashim, and Wok, 2014).
Above all these can be helpful for A W Holding Company Limited to motivate
their employees so they can work together as a team and achieve the long term
goal of the company.
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.
Effective team Ineffective team
 Members of an effective team discussion
openly without any hesitation where they
are not agree they put their reasons and
ideas.
 Members of effective team work together
without being personal with someone they
always think about to achieve the desire
goals of company.
 Members of Effective team reach out on a
decision by a systematic process by
convincing other people and they talk
about logical statements only. Rather than
being crude.
 Members of Effective team use situational
leadership like if someone who has more
experience about any particular situation
so can guide another employees and he can
play a role of a leader.
 Members of effective team easily
understand and accept the idea about any
task they always be prepared to
accomplish any task.
 Members of effective team take initiatives
in any activity or any task.
 Members of Ineffective team heisted
to do anything they can not put their
ideas because they does not come in
front of superiors.
 Members of ineffective team never
show their unity and they always think
about only their personal profit instead
of company’s future.
 Members of an effective team do not
carry any systematic process to reach
out on any discussion. They always
show their crude behaviour.
 Members of Ineffective team never
work according to situation they work
under the leader who is not
experienced about any particular
situation.
 Members of ineffective team always
take a step back in every task they
does not put their effort effectively.
And the does not understand
understand any task and objectives
easily.
 Ineffective team members hesitate to
take initiatives.
 In this type of team a few people try to

 Every member virtually contribute their
efforts to achieve the goals.
 In this type of team every member listens
to each other without making noise.
 This type of team members have quality of
conflict resolution they resolute their
personal conflicts with each other. And
always shows unity in every task and any
situation.
 Members of effective team reach out on
any result with a proper way to think about
any decision.
 In this type of team leader never dominate
his ideas and opinions on others.
 In this type of team all members conscious
about their self-evaluation. It will them to
examine their self.
 This of team when reach out on any
decision and take the action all members
are clear assigned about their duties.
 An effective members always redy to
collaborate with others. They never say no
to work with others
be dominating in the discussion.
 In this type of team people does not
care about others and they does not
listen to others and ignore their ideas
also.
 Ineffective team members never
resolute their conflicts with each other
and never shows unity in any task and
they does not perform effectively.
 Members of ineffective do not think
about the results of their actions.
 These types of team leaders try to
dominate their ideas and views on
others.
 This type of team try to avoid of
discussion where they can self-
evaluate their performance.
 This type of team members does not
really know about their duties and
responsibilities.
 This type of team members shows
their personal problems when they
informed to work with another
employees.
So all these points will be helpful to understand about the teamwork which can be beneficial
for the A W Holding Company Limited. These are the things which make an effective or
ineffective team.
Tuckman team development theory-:

Forming- where whole team learns and meets challenges and opportunity. In this stage all
the team members performing individually. it is stage where all the team members learn
something.
Storming- it is a stage where group start to build the trust with each other. All the members
starts to gain trust of each other.
Norming – it is stage where all the team members are aware about their competition and they
gives their common suggestion and take the responsibilities of their work. They resolve their
conflicts with each other.
Performing- It is stage where all becomes knowledgeable and experienced. And they try to
put their effort and experience somewhere.
All these phases will help to build creative and effective team in A W Holding Company
Limited
P4 concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational context.
The concept organisational behaviour is based on two elements and these elements are
written below-
1. situational theory- this theory says there is no any leadership style is best because
everything is based on the situation it depends on the leader how he usese his skills to
get over from the difficulties. In genera words nature of people is based on the
fundamental qualities of a person like some basic qualities that means his or her
character which indicates personality we can see the nature of people in A W Holding
Company Limited.
Contingency approach- according to this theory there is arelation between leader and his
effectiveness which matches to the situation.- Manager of A W Holding Company Limited
should not be based in any situation with employees and treat them equally and should not

judge any employee on particular basis this type of approaches is also used by the superiors
of the A W Holding Company Limited. It should be moral approach for every leader to judge
any employee on the basis of his contribution efforts and work and rank. Judgement should
not be based on the personal problems(Taylor, 2017).
Path goal theory- shows the effectiveness of a leader which specifying a style of a leader
which fits in the employee and environment. Goa of this leadership is about motivate another
employees and their empowerment and their satisfaction is all about to build a unique ability
to observe emploees by listen and reach out on a conclusion. Different persons have their
own perceptions because their way of thinking can differentiate their perceptions. For an
example A W Holding Company Limited have three types of managers of different different
departments all the managers have their different different views about their employees. as
we know that skills and the creativity comes with the time and experience. Skills come from
the experience and the knowledge about something. Somehow official life and personal life
both are connected to each other somewhere. (Hashim, and Wok, 2014).
Motivated behaviour- This type of behaviour comes from the motivation of some
experienced person. Who share his experience and struggle to motivate another person. There
are two types of motivation can we see-
Positive motivation- positive motivation encourage employee to change their behaviour and
let him try to put his efforts behind any task.
Negative motivation- this type of motivation is warn or force someone for the purpose to
change their behaviour.
philosophical Ethics- It is a philosophical concept. Because who does not want to be treated
equally and with dignity and respect. Every person wants whether it is CEO or any works.
Does not matter. Because in some organisations employees are treated on some factors . in