Organisational Behaviour Report: Leadership, Motivation and Teams

This report analyzes organisational behaviour, comparing the structures and cultures of City College and Rent-a-Car, highlighting how organisational structure and culture are interconnected, and the factors that affect individual work performance. It then contrasts the effectiveness of different leadership styles, specifically autocratic and democratic approaches, and links organisational theory to management practices in both companies. The report further explores leadership styles' impact on the workplace and compares motivational theories, applying them to the context of the companies. Finally, it examines group dynamics, factors contributing to team effectiveness, and the role of technology in organisational success. The report provides a comprehensive overview of leadership, motivation, and team dynamics within an organisational setting.

ORGANISATION AND BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Comparison between different organisation structure and culture.......................................1
1.2 Relationship between organisation structure and culture......................................................2
1.3 Factors that affect the individual work..................................................................................2
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Comparison of the effectiveness of different leadership styles............................................2
2.2 Link between organisational theory with the adopted styles of management that are
practised in the two organisations...............................................................................................3
2.3 The different approaches to management and leadership theories.......................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
3.1 Impact of different leadership style at workplace.................................................................5
3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories.................................................5
3.3 Apply motivational theories in the company........................................................................6
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
4.1 Nature of group and group behaviour...................................................................................7
4.2 Factors that make team effective ..........................................................................................8
4.3 Role of technology in success of the enterprise....................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is defined as the interface between human behaviour and the
organization. It is also defined as the study of the human behaviour in the organization. City
college is the private college North West London. It was owned by Mr Wakefield and has staff
of 200 employees (Ainsworth, 2014). This company has 19% of private college market with 2.5
million revenue. Rent-a-Car is the Car hire company which has more than 75,000 employees. It
was founded by Jack Taylor in St Louis in the year 1957. In this report, the main tasks which
are neede to be discussed are the relationship between organization structure and culture.
Further, it includes leadership styles, motivational theories and the effectiveness of teamwork in
organisations. Moreover, it describes the ways of using motivational theories in organisations
and mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organisations.
Task 1
1.1 Comparison between different organisation structure and culture
City college has different departments like human resource, teaching and administration
is used for maintaining college workforces. The human resource department encourages the
employees to give good ideas so that they can be adapted and implemented throughout the
business. Teaching department is involved with delivering the higher education courses for
diverse background learners and Administration department take care the student enrolment,
finance and property, publication of documents and instruction leaflets. While Rent-a-Car
believes that they customer and employees must be taken care first and the profit will
automatically follow the company. This company focus on leadership with enterprises (Clay-
Williams and Braithwaite, 2015.). Charles Handy proposes the organization model where the
employees come together to achieve a common goal. His four models describes the power, task
culture, person culture and role culture.
 Power: In some organization, the power is in the hand of few people. And these people
take all the major decision of the company.
 Task Culture: Task culture is found in the organization where the teams are formed to
achieve the targets or solves the complex problems.
 Person Culture:The people feel that they are more important than their organization is
known as Person culture.
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 Role Culture: In Role culture ever person is given the task according to their qualification
and specialization.
The City college has Power culture where only few employees of the college take final decision.
While for Rent-a-Car, Person culture is more important because they take care of their
employees and customers (Hafenbrack, Kinias and Barsade, 2014).
1.2 Relationship between organisation structure and culture
Organization structure defines as the allocation and monitoring of the roles and
responsibilities and the flow of communication between different levels of the sectors.
Organization culture is defined as the collection of values and rules that are shared by the
workers of the organization and this is maintained in the way they interact with one another and
with the stakeholders. While Organisation culture defines the organisation structure, similarly
organization structure partially defines the culture of the organization. Both the organisation has
formal structure. They divided the responsibilities in different team members. The City college
gives moral support to their employees and also takes care of the employees needs and
requirements of the resources. It provides all the facility to the teaching department such as
digital libraries, the latest books of foreign writers so that they can share their experience with
the students (Holt and et.al., 2009). This division of responsibility ensures that no two people are
working on same task. Flow of communication affects the business performance. Both the
organization motivates their employees. The City college works by distributing different task to
their employees so that the individual worker does not have much load. Similarly, Rent-a-Car
has many employees which share the work of each other to achieve the company's objectives.
They give all the best quality of services to their customers and employees so that they can
achieve the customer's confidence and trust.
1.3 Factors that affect the individual work
Every department of the City college has different roles and responsibilities for the
completion of their task. The staff of the organization is not much big but has to control every
employee for its smooth running. The City college employees do the work in team for example
the teaching staff provides the best quality of education to their learners. Human resource take
care of the workplace. And the administration department looks after the student related details.
The company is giving the training and other development seminars to their employees. The
Rent-a-Car focuses on leadership enterprises. It motivates its staff for the delivery of the
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services. It creates new opportunities for the employees (Li and et.al., 2013). The company gives
the importance to their employees and customer first give second priority to its benefits. The
company gives the chance to the employees for the leadership and general manager to take
decision. It also motivates the front line management to use the best management style to suit
different customers. The other factors that affect the individual work are personal behaviour,
leadership, communication, interpersonal communication etc. For example the employees
behaviour affect the environment of the company as sometimes it motivates or demotivate the
company's environment. The employees interpersonal communication also affects the growth of
the company as the employee has the power of attracting their customers.
Task 2
2.1 Comparison of the effectiveness of different leadership styles
City college has autocratic leadership style where the leaders holds all the major roles and
responsibilities of the organization. They make decision without taking the advice of their
subordinates. They reach to the decision and communicate them with their employees and expect
prompt implementation. The autocratic leader of the City college leadership, guidelines,
procedures are all naturally added by them. The Rent-a-Car focuses on Democratic Leadership in
which the subordinates are involved to take decision. This company allows its general manager
and other employees to take decision (Lussier and Achua, 2009). This improves the employees
sense of worth and self esteem. This organisation gives the responsibilities to their staff and also
take a pride in their job. The different leadership style affects the company as the enterprises
does not believe in selling product but it believes in providing service. The democratic
dictatorship in the Rent-a-Car has very important feature where communication is active upward
and downward. This leadership has increased the motivation level of the employees which helps
them to increase their performance. This helps the organization to earn profit and make
successful reputation in the market (Mail, Mohamed and Atan, 2006).
2.2 Link between organisational theory with the adopted styles of management that are practised
in the two organisations
There exists a direct link between the adopted styles of management that directly impact upon
the condition of undertaking an organisational theory and practise the same at the workplace. It is
therefore on referring to the given case scenario that has depicted two different styles of
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management adopted by the given establishments namely City College and Enterprise Car
Rental. Wherein, City college enterprise is referred to adopt a participative style of management
which is in context to the democratic style of leadership and in which, the organisational bodies
are duly involved in the process of decision-making (Burrell and Morgan, 2017.). This in turn is
apparent to necessitate the adoption of Weber's bureaucratic approach that surrounds within the
five principle constituents such as the structure of the organisation, specialisation, certainty and
stability, logicality and democracy. It is together in correspondence to the structured composition
of City College where they are hereby working in different departmental structure with a
separate responsibility of each of its department.
Enterprise Car Rental on another hand is apparent to adopt a pacesetting style of management
where they operate with a fundamental target of attaining the assigned tasks by meeting out the
standardised policies of work to excellently serve the clients (). With reference to which, they are
hereby required to undertake a theory that in turn delineates the value of goal setting where the
organisational people must be clear about the goals that are required to be attained by them. For
which, they are also required to clearly address the issues and facilitate solutions for the same by
together carrying out a measurable performance for the fulfilment of organisation's overall
agenda.
2.3 The different approaches to management and leadership theories
According to situational approach, it is essential for leaders of City College to change the
style of leadership as per different situations. This is also useful in managing all aspects in
appropriate manner and at the same time, it can also enhance the decision making aspects of the
organization. Furthermore, in this context it can be said that situational approach is more useful
for the purpose of encouraging task based approach and also for meeting the requirements of
management.
Apart from this, Enterprise can execute management approach so that to underpin all the
aspects of management. This is also crucial in terms of managing organizational dimensions in
suitable manner. Along with the same, the organisation is also required to focus on conceptual
framework so that business standards can be managed accordingly. Hence, suitable coordination
should be developed at the workplace through the same dimension. Hence, management
approaches are more beneficial for Enterprise.
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There are two theories that is Theory X and theory Y. Theory X tells the employees about
their work which further involves the strict control within business. It tells about the autocratic
leadership. While theory Y manager believes in employees desires to do well. The manager
provides the opportunity to employee's to take control over their work. They motivate the
customers by contributing in solving the problems. Theory X manager is related to the City
college as it believes in Autocratic leadership while Rent-a-Car involves Theory Y where the
problems on different issue are solved and employees are motivated.
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TASK 3
3.1 Impact of different leadership style at workplace
There are different types of leadership style take place which create impact on workforce
of Rent-a-Car and City College. In this way, both enterprises can take decisions in accomplish
goals and objectives. They are as follows: Democratic leadership style: In order to make decisions, sometimes the organisations
involves employee in it. In this way, various people interact in objectives and goals of the
company. It assists to Rent-a-Car and City College, to involves their employee in
achieving targets at workplace. It assists to share ideas and views of various people at
workplace. Thus, it creates positive impact on employee to get part in decision-making
(McKenna, 2000). Autocratic leadership style: In this type of style, managers of the chosen enterprise never
take participation of their employee in achievement of goals and objectives. This is
because, there are no ideas and views sharing take place to organise effective results. It
creates adverse impact on employee of Rent-a-Car and City College. Therefore, they are
not motivating to create effective results.
 Transnational leadership style: In this type of style, employee are making decisions and
strategies by own aspects. Through taking responsibilities in business objectives and
goals, workers are motivating to accomplish it on time. Hence, they have opportunities to
make their work creative. Managers are giving reward to employees for their extra
performances. Therefore, the chosen organisations have positive impact through
employee performances.
3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories
With the help of different motivational theories, the company can enhance participation
of employee in business results. In this way, Rent-a-Car and City College can determines their
operations through Maslow's and McGregor theory of X and Y. Following are such differences
in the selected business enterprise:
Basis Maslow's theory McGregor X and Y theory
Meaning Maslow's hierarchical theory is
determines as different types
As compare to this,
McGregor's X and Y theory is
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of needs that are arranged in
hierarchical order. This
implied in Rent-a-Car and City
College, on each employee
from lower to top level
management.
two sets of alternative option
which depends on motivation
of people. In this aspect, X
people of the chosen
enterprises have assumption
that are not true. On the other
hand, assumption of y people
are true at workplaces.
Basis of theory Maslow's theory is based on
five types of needs that are
arranged in hierarchical order.
On the other hand, McGregor's
theory is based on two types of
people that are X and Y people
at workplace of the enterprises.
Applicability of theory Maslow's theory is applicable
with arranging of needs of
people at lower to top. When
person fulfil his/her basic level
needs after than they switch
towards safety and social, and
so on.
However, McGregor's theory
is determines through
describing characteristics of
person which shows third,
forth and fifth level of
Maslow's hierarchical needs.
There is no place for first and
second level needs.
3.3 Apply motivational theories in the company
In respect to apply motivational theories, Rent-a-Car and City College have various
benefits. It assists to enhance participation of employee and accomplish goals and objectives at
workplace. There are certain significance to apply motivational theory at workplace. They are as
follows: Need satisfaction: Motivation assist to satisfy each individual at workplace in effective
manner. In this way, Rent-a-Car and City College has benefits to accomplish their goals
through fulfil personal needs of person. Hence, it serves to make sustainability of
employees through providing them various benefits (Sevi, 2010).
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 Productivity: When each individual of Rent-a-Car and City College part in goals and
objectives, performances will be enhance. In this aspect, employees are willingly work
so that the chosen firms can easily enhance their productivity at workplace. Through
providing value of output, proper motivation is increasing productivity at workplace
(Chand, 2016).
 Job satisfaction: Further, motivation is also perceives to enhance job satisfaction at
workplace. In this aspect, when employees needs are fulfilled by the chosen companies,
it generates positive impact on them. Managers generally satisfy their employees through
creating creativity and challenges work within the firm (Wood and et.al., 2016).
TASK 4
4.1 Nature of group and group behaviour
Group is form from two or more than two persons those work for accomplish common
aims and objectives. There are various activities and actions are frames at workplace of Rent-a-
Car and City College, that require group to perform it. There are two types of groups has been
forms at workplace. They are as follows: Formal group: Formal groups are determines in discipline to achieve purpose at
workplace. For instance, staff member of Rent-a-Car and City College. They are skilled
people who are working in effective manner at workplace. Through working in effective
manner and discipline, both organisation can easily accomplish their targets (Chand,
2016).
Informal group: In this type of group, people are together for only their target and goals. When
goals and targets are achieves group will be break. In this way, effective results are made with
social needs such as shopping, travelling and so on.
Group behaviour
It is creates roles and results that assist to meet with targets and outcomes. In this way,
culture and positive aspects will be achieve in successful manner. With the help of policies and
regulations of Rent-a-Car and City College, effective results can be accomplish. In this aspect,
relations need to be managed that assist to gather business results. It is very important element
which assist to meet with productivity that enhance performances of the chosen companies.
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4.2 Factors that make team effective
There are various factors which assist to promote the effective results and outcomes at
workplace. In this way, team is form to demonstrate performances at workplace. When various
individual are gather for common goals and objectives, roles are demonstrates to make
successful team. Following are such factors which make team effective: Cohesiveness: It is the first and very important factor that assist to meet with goals and
objectives. When every member make cohesive with one another, they can commitment
to create excellence in work. In this way, managers of Rent-a-Car and City College also
frames equal participation of employee at workplace. Communication: It is another element that make team effective at workplace. Through
this, understanding can be made with each other in a group. To understand scope and
goal, the chosen firm will easily develop their performances at workplace.
 Homogeneity: Homogeneity is the extent element that assist to meet with various people.
Difficulty is take place when managers is finding the right balance in different team
members. When team is homogeneity in term of education, skills and other aspects, Rent-
a-Car and City College can easily make effective results.
4.3 Role of technology in success of the enterprise
It has been identified that introduction of new and innovative technology helps in
enhancing the work culture so that employees could be skilled and provide better quality
products or services to consumers. Both City College and Enterprise obtain new technology as
the means of enhancing profitability and retain customers within firm. Also, in such rapidly
increasing market it is significant for businesses to undertake effective practices so that
innovative technology is being adopted so that quality products and services could be provided to
clients (Sevi, 2010). Implementing technology results in improving the knowledge of workers
and thus they are able to deliver similar quality services to clients ( 6 Major Benefits of
Motivation in an Organisations, 2017). Hence, it leads to attain overall satisfaction and thus
achieve desired objectives. However, there are different forms such as e-mail, video
conferencing, etc. are considered as innovative technology and therefore it helps in collaborating
with customers to attain satisfaction. Technology also creates negative front in the minds of
workers and therefore they need to be get focused towards the set objectives. Thus, organization
aims to undertake different social media platforms and thus advertise their products or services
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so that productivity could be improved. Implementing innovative technology results in attaining
desired success of both City College and Enterprise (Hosie and Smith, 2009).
CONCLUSION
It can be articulated from the study that City College and Enterprise in regard to make
smooth functioning so that business activities could be carried out in an effective and efficient
way. Thus, management of business focuses upon studying the behaviour of its employees
within the workplace so that culture and structure could be formed in order to carry out the
business functions. There are different leadership styles i.e. democratic, autocratic and laissez
faire leadership style so that employees could be encouraged to work in an effective way. City
College and Enterprise encourages their workers to provide different ideas and concepts so that
appropriate decision could be made. Thus, it helps in improving the productivity and
performance of firm in market. At the end, implementing innovative and new technology helps
in attracting people to accomplish their work and influence customers towards firm.
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