Organisational Behaviour Report: AM Holdings Ltd, Motivation & Teams

This report provides an analysis of organisational behaviour within AM Holdings Ltd, a UK-based packaging and container company. It examines the influence of organisational culture, power dynamics, and politics on employee behaviour, referencing Handy's typology of cultures (power, role, task, and person cultures) and various power types (legitimate, expert, referent, coercive, and reward). The report further evaluates motivational theories, including content (Maslow's hierarchy) and process theories (positive/negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction), and their application in motivating individuals and teams. It also explores the characteristics of effective versus ineffective teams, focusing on communication, role allocation, and conflict resolution. Finally, the report touches on the concept and philosophies of Path-Goal theory of Leadership styles.

ORGANISATIONA
L BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1. Influence of Culture, Power and Politics in AM Holdings Ltd............................................3
TASK 2 ...........................................................................................................................................6
P2. Evaluation of motivating individuals and teams by content and process theories of
motivation...................................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3: Understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an ineffective team ..........7
P4 Concept and philosophies of Path goal theory of Leadership styles...................................10
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Organizational Behaviour is the study of behaviour of human within organization. It is
the interface between the organization and its employees (Andriof and et. al., 2017). It is the
study of nature of the employees, how they behave in a particular organization. In this report,
Behaviour of individuals, teams is going to discuss about AM (Holdings) limited. It is a
packaging and container company which incorporated its business in 1998. It is a UK based
company which deals in logistics, packing and containing the products and goods. This report
includes the study of culture, politics and power of managers which affect the performance of
individuals and teams. Different motivational theories along with the study of co-operation in the
organization is discussed. Apart from that concepts and philosophies of Organizational
Behaviour is also discussed.
TASK 1
P1. Influence of Culture, Power and Politics in AM Holdings Ltd.
Organizational Culture
It is defined as the study of people interacting within an organization. These are social
and psychological environment in which an individual is performing its task. Here Handy's
typology is taken into consideration to explain different types of cultures in an organization:
Handy's Typology:
There are four types of cultures of organizational behaviour which are stated below:
Power Culture:
It is a type of culture in which power is divided among a few employees who have the
power to influence the employee. In this culture, the decision taken by the authorities is
applicable to all employees of the organization (Bester, Stander and Van Zyl, 2015). In AM
Holdings ltd, if this culture is followed it enhances the bureaucratic environment in the
organization. In spite of it, this culture also helps in quick decision-making.
Role culture:
In this type of culture role is divided among the teams and individuals. This helps in
performing the task quickly and correctly. This will enhance the overall productivity of
organization, individuals and teams. AM Holding ltd can use type of culture as it helps to
maintain the cooperation among the employee while working in a team.

Task Culture:
In task culture, work is divided among the employee so that it may increase the
coordination of working together. This culture can be used in Am Holding ltd as this culture also
helps to increase the performance and productivity. It is an important culture, as the work is
divided among the employees according to their ability and capability of work.
Person culture:
In this culture, a person pretends himself superior to the organization. Although, the
ability and performance depends upon the organization. An employee should focus in the
profitability of the company (Burrell and Morgan, 2017). AM Holdings ltd should not use this
culture, as it decreases the faith of company to the employee.
From the above cultures, AM Holdings ltd can use task culture because this culture is
best among all cultures. In this cultures task is divided according to the capability and ability of
the employee. Therefore this culture increases the overall performance and productivity of the
organization.
Influence of power on the behaviour of organization
Power is the ability of affecting the work of others. It is the ability to impact the
behaviour and personnel aspects of an employee to make things done from them. Effect of power
shows wrong impact on the performance of an employee. A person having power is not a good
listener, lack of adaptability, low working efficiency and have serious impact on the
performance. The influence of power on AM Holding ltd is shown here:
Legitimate power:
This power comes from the positional hierarchy of an organization i.e. it comes from a
person having supreme authority in the organization (Carney, Cuddy and Yap, 2015). Although
this power can helps in quick decision making but it can influence the rights and liberties of an
employee. AM Holdings Ltd can use this type of power if they wants to make quick decisions.
Expert Power:
This type of power comes from the person having expertise in their field. This power
helps to increase the performance of an employee because the expertisation of an employee help
to achieve this. AM Holdings ltd can use this type of power as this power is hold by a person
who is having expertise in their field.

Referent Power:
If an employee is loyal, humble, respectful and efficient, the manager can misuse their
skills by the interpersonal skills. In this power, a manager misuse the abilities of an employee so
that they can manage their own work. AM Holdings should not use this power type as it loose
the faith of an employee to the company.
Coercive power:
This power comes when an employee is threatened to punishments and sanctions. etc. to
make things done from them. This type of power is hold by the senior who treated the follower
to make their work (Christina and et. al., 2014). AM Holdings ltd should not obey this power
type since it emphasis on not performing good in the organization.
Reward power:
This is the finest of all powers because a follower is motivated by their seniors by
rewards and incentives. This power emphasis on increasing the motivational level, so that it
helps to maintain the productivity of the employees.
From the above powers, Reward power should be followed by AM Holdings ltd. This
type of power increase the motivation of an employee which helps to do the work quickly and
correctly.
Influence of politics on the behaviour of employees
Politics is the local aspect of an organization in which employees are not willing to work.
The employee who don't want to do their work involve themselves in politics of the organization
so that they can secure their position in the organization ( Coccia and Cadario, 2014). There are
various factors of politics which can affect the behaviour of an employee in AM Holdings ltd. It
decreases the productivity of the organization or individual because a person who is involving in
politics is not willing to work. Politics affects the concentration of the employee as it is their to
work for the organization instead the employee engage itself in politics.

TASK 2
P2. Evaluation of motivating individuals and teams by content and process theories of
motivation.
Motivation is a process of external and internal effects which helps the employee to do
any given task. This helps the employee to increase the productivity and efficiency (Coccia,
2014). There are different factors through which an employee can be motivated such as salary,
incentives, reward, job satisfaction etc. In the context of AM Holdings ltd, a manager should
motivate its employees. To do this different process and content theories are discussed here:
Content theory of motivation:
The content theory of motivation shows how the motivation changes from time to time.
Since the requirement of an individual changes from time to time (Motivation, 2018). Therefore
it is necessary to motivate an employee according to their need. In order to motivate an employee
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is taken here:
Physiological needs:
These are the basic needs which an employee is required for. This include the cloth, food,
shelter needs. AM Holdings should focus only fulfilling such needs so that there will be good
perception of the company in the minds of an employee (Farndale, Hope-Hailey and Kelliher,
2011).
Safety needs:
These needs requires the safety features of an individual. The factors which are included
in safety of an employee are fear of loosing job, proper working environment, and
discrimination. AM Holdings ltd should provide all the basic needs so that it can motivate the
employees.
Social need:
These are the ethical needs require by an employee. These needs include love,
compassion, friendship, goods behaviour etc. AM Holdings should try to motivate their
employees by providing such needs.
Esteem need:
Every employee wants itself to be valued for the company. This is what esteem needs are,
because these needs motivate the employee to a great extent. AM Holdings ltd should focus on
doing so.

Self-actualization need:
It is a perception based need in which an wants to increase its potential, self-actualization
and other aspects of one's personality. AM Holdings should try to motivate their employees by
providing such needs.
Process theory of motivation
These are the psychological and behavioural factors which influence an individual to
perform a specific task. These are the theories which depends upon the consequences of a task
(Francis, O’Connor and Curran, 2012). If the consequence of a task is good then one can be
rewarded or if consequences are bad one can be punished. In AM Holdings ltd to explain the
process theory different techniques to punish or reward are discussed below:
Positive Re-enforcement:
It is the positive feedback of a given task in which one can be rewarded by the manager
to motivate an employee. In AM Holdings ltd, an employee should be rewarded to increase the
motivational level.
Negative re-enforcement:
It is the negative feedback for the specific task allotted. In AM Holding ltd, an employee
should be nag for his regular consequences so that it force the employee to improve its
consequences.
Punishment Re-enforcement:
In this report, the employee should be punished for his regular negative consequences. In
AM Holding ltd, the punishments like threats and suspend for a short period of time should be
implemented (Gabriel and et. al., 2015).
Extinction re-enforcement:
In the context of AM Holdings ltd, extinction is given to the employee for his faults. If
the faults were not improved then it can be treated from the above mentioned theories
accordingly.
TASK 3
P3: Understanding of what makes an effective team, as opposed to an ineffective team
AM Holdings is a logistics company mainly deals in containing and packaging of goods
to be delivered. This company requires team to perform the specific task. Team is group of two

or more individuals who are working to attain a specific target. Here, the basic differences
between the Effective and Ineffective teams are listed below:
Effective team Ineffective team
 Proper communication is done amount
the effective team mates so to improve
the working efficiency of AM Holdings
ltd.
 Each employee is divided proper roles
and responsibilities which helps in
increasing positive outcomes.
 There is proper communication among
the team mates in AM Holding ltd
which results in increasing the chance
of desired outcomes.
 Issues arsed in this team can be
resolved easily in AM Holding ltd.
 There is lack of proper communication
among the ineffective team mates
which effects the overall performance
of the team and AM Holding ltd.
 Roles and responsibilities are not
divided properly which increase the
confliction among employees.
 There is improper communication in
this team as it makes harder to achieve
desired result for AM Holding ltd.
 Issues raised in AM Holdings ltd could
not be resolved easily as of improper
communication among employees.
Characteristics of Effective teams are as below:
Achievable targets:
The HR manager of AM holdings ltd should try to set measurable goals. The formation of
team should be to achieve the target. When there are specific goals, it helps in achieving the
targets (LA, 2013).
Competitiveness:
The effective team should have competitiveness among themselves. This helps in
innovating new ideas which will enhance the productivity of AM Holdings ltd.
Participative:
An effective team members should participate in decision making. This facility makes the
employees responsible about their job. When employees of AM Holding ltd participate in
decision making they are able to know about the policies and norms of the company.

An HR manager in AM Holding Ltd should focus on developing the effective teams. This
can be done with the help of Tuck-man's model. This model has five parts which are described
here as under:
Forming:
This is the first stage of the team development model. In this members of the team are
new and don't have interaction with each other. Apart from that, it is leader responsibility to clear
out the roles of responsibility of the employees so that purpose of the team would attain (Laforet,
2011). AM holdings should appoint a leader who can manage the team as in the first stage the
crucial role is played by the leader itself. Informal meetings should be organized by the leader so
that relationship would be made between the groups. Trust should be made as it will the team to
achieve their goals.
Storming:
In this stage, decision is hard to take as each of the members has different opinions and
perceptions. Chances of conflicts between the members is high. Leader is responsible to solve
the issue so that it does not affect the productivity of the group. AM holdings leader
responsibility is to solve the conflict between the employees and try to clear out the objectives of
the group. Leader work is to monitor the performance of the employees and then handle them
accordingly.
Norming:
At this stage, all the roles and responsibilities of the group and their leader is now clear.
All the members of the group are now taking part in decision making process so to attain the
goals of the team. They are now well aware of their behaviour and become friends to each other.
AM holdings leader responsibilities is to maintain this type of culture as it increases the
motivation and productivity of the group. Team leader have to set the objectives of all the
members so that they won't divert from their goals.
Performing:
In this stage, team member is now aware of their goals and know how to achieve it with
full efficiency (Michailova and Sidorova, 2011). Now they work collectively to attain a common
purpose of the team. The leader work is to monitor the member and improve their work
performance with time. Am holding leader should motivate their employees constantly so that
they can attend their goals with full motivation.

P4 Concept and philosophies of Path goal theory of Leadership styles
The concept of organisational behaviour consist to be an essential element which needs to
be considered by organisations in respect to proper implementation of business activities. This
refers as a way of interacting people within a group, team or a firm. In small as well as large
business organisation managers and higher authorities are responsible for predicting and
handling behaviour of each individual who are part of the firm. Organisational behaviour leads
the firm or its management to manages the strength of the employees in respect to makes them
enable for performing organisational task in more efficient manner (Owoyemi and Ekwoaba,
2014). AM holdings is engaged in packaging and containing the products and giving variety in
services to their potential customers. Organisation has solid culture so that the firm is getting
grow and sustainability in the market place. Organisation is centred for the employees which
builds morale at the workplace. Organisation is achieving their central goal and visions in the
given time frame due to effective utilization of resources. The effective culture of AM holdings
limited is used to maintaining healthy work environment for their employees at workplace. The
major purpose of firm is to enhancing their performance by applying various theories, In present
assignment the theory is taken for describing role of leadership is path goal theory which is
described as under:
Path goal theory:
This can be considered as the most essential theory of leadership style and plays vast role
in handling the activities and operations of firm in regards to attaining competitive position. Path
goal theory of leadership style gives guidance to their employees as to encouraging them for
moving forward towards significant direction. In the field of firms study, the the path goal theory
considers the viability of leaders behaviour, attitude on workers work inspiration, fulfilment and
impact (Suma and Lesha, 2013). This theory is broadly controlled by various authority practices.
Each behaviour of leadership worry to upgrading specialists results through perceiving the effect
of ecological elements and the attributes of representative for insect sort of employment. The
basic component of this theory are depicted as under:
Achievement oriented behaviour: This conduct of initiative worry on empowering execution
perfection through defining their objectives which helps in challenge representatives with in the
firm. Every individual have a few objectives and destinations as their own which are
configuration to inspire elite, bosses are in charge of rousing colleagues for meeting with

objectives and targets. Am Holdings Ltd. is worry on contracting very much gifted individuals in
their firm who are having noteworthy endeavours to rouse others at work put.
Directive path goal is clarifying behaviour: This sort of conduct of initiative evacuates or
diminish different employment work equivocalness. In an association every representative play
out some particular assignment and obligation and a pioneer has some desire to their labourers
keeping in mind the end goal to playing out the errand in most proficient way (Weng and et. al.,
2015). This conduct is likewise helps in keeping away from confusion frame in the working
envelopment with the goal that work can be achieve in viable way.
Supportive leader behaviour: The central worry of the strong pioneer is to give noteworthy help
to workers mental prosperity. It is required for pioneer to lessen the feeling of anxiety so
representatives can work in compelling way without having any sort of strain and weight. This
may be suitable authority conduct in an association where the position are mentally and
physically requesting like those rising crisis medicinal administrations.
Participative leadership behaviour: It is required for every pioneer to take viable support in
hierarchical exercises since it is a most ideal approach to persuade others for giving their earnest
attempts in achieving some particular objectives and destinations. Furthermore workers and
subordinates are loyal with the procedure of basic leadership (Wilkinson and et. al., 2014).

Conclusion
From the above mentioned report it can be concluded that culture, politics and power
influences the team behaviour and their performance. It helps the employees to increase their
efficiency and productivity to a certain level. Content theories and process theories help the
company to achieve their vision. Different techniques like positive reinforcement is use to
motivate employees performance is discussed. Effective teams always plays an important part in
the success of the organisation whereas ineffective team degrade the performance of the team. At
last concept and philosophies is discussed like path goal theory and how it helps the AM
holdings Ltd to achieve the vision of the company.