Organisational Behaviour: Individual and Team Performance Analysis

This report delves into the realm of organisational behaviour, examining its impact on individual and team performance within A David & Co Ltd. The report explores how organisational power, culture, and politics influence employee behaviour and productivity, providing an in-depth analysis of these factors. It then evaluates various motivation theories and techniques, including intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, content and process theories, and models such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Vroom's Expectancy Theory. The report further investigates the characteristics of effective versus ineffective teams, emphasizing the importance of positive organisational culture and leadership. Finally, it discusses the implementation of organisational philosophies and concepts to foster a productive and motivated workforce, concluding with recommendations for improving organisational behaviour practices.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Analyse the organisation power, culture and politics influence on individual and team
performance & behaviour...........................................................................................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluate motivation theories and its techniques....................................................................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P3 What makes an effective team opposes to ineffective team..................................................8
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
P4 Implement organisational philosophies and concepts..........................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is a human behaviour pattern which gave impact on work within
groups as well as company. In this, it is very important that management should have proper
knowledge about every people of the firms in order to improve profitability and productivity
(Avey, Palanski and Walumbwa, 2011). In order to get proper Human Resource attitude in a
organisation, supervisor have to maintain equality among the employees. A David & Co Limited
is a medium sized organisation giving the products of foods and beverages. Company give fresh
goods which help in attracting higher numbers of buyers in order to increase its goodwill and
market image. Its products are fresh produce, dairy, bakery and many more. In this assignment
it includes the analysis of firms culture, power and politics influence on individual and team
performance as well as behaviour. Along with this, it also implementing concepts and
philosophies of organisational behaviour as well as process of motivating theories.
TASK 1
P1 Analyse the organisation power, culture and politics influence on individual and team
performance & behaviour
In firms, organisational behaviour play a very essential role within workplace. It is an
management duty to give and construct a positive workplace to employees in order to perform
work properly. In this, top authority of A David & Co Ltd formulate tactics as well as monitor
workers result in order to make modifications accordingly. It will assist them to have proper
knowledge about companies power, politics and culture which influence on performance and
behaviour of an team as well as individual. Therefore, supervisor have to manage these aspects
within the system in order to enhance organisation (Bolino and et. al., 2013).
CULTURE
Culture comprises belief, values, assumptions, norms and so on tactics which depend on
management knowledge. Workers performance and behaviour are depend on organisational
culture. Through this employees get either demotivate or motivate towards their responsibilities.
In A David & Co Ltd, management have to provide positive culture in order to stimulate team
members for accomplishing their work properly. It will assist in providing better quality of
products to buyers. Along with this, HR have to reduce absenteeism as well as turnover rate.
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Hence, company require competent and skilled team members which help them to improve its
market image and position. With this, supervisor have to introduce competitive benefits in
respect to its competitors. It will grab large numbers of customers which help in improving
profitability and sales as well. Therefore, there are several kinds of culture which impact on
workers performance are as follow:
(Source: Handy's typology culture, 2017) Task culture: In this tactic, it define that medium scale business need effective use of
resources in order to run enterprise activities properly (Carpenter, Berryand Houston,
2014). Administration require to have proper knowledge about firms objectives and goals
for designing a system accordingly. A David & Co Ltd management make a team and
divide employees which help in making a proper use of manpower, material and funds in
an efficient way. Likewise, manager give instruction and guidance to employees in order
to accomplish the work effectively. Person culture: This aspect specifies that company should have enough employees in
order to meet targets and objectives. It is HR duty to organise Human Resource
Management practices which are staffing, recruiting, training and development,
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Illustration 1: Handy's typology culture

motivating, staffing and compensation. These functions aid A David & Co Ltd to have
competent and skilled employees which give better and fresh quality of products to their
customers. In this, creative and innovative enterprise ideas are applied for business
growth within marketplace (Contrafatto and Burns, 2013). Role culture: In this, it is a part of company as it define functional structure which is
used by firm to frame hierarchy according to team. Human Resource of A David & Co
Ltd give role as well as distribute responsibilities to workers as per its abilities and skills.
So, managers help employees to accomplish their work in an effective manner.
 Power culture: In this tactics, it specifies that in company only some members get the
authority of taking decisions and making rules. Employees of A David & Co Ltd get
work as well as they need to run operations as per rules and policies specified by
management. Along with this, performance of employees is judged through comparing its
result with standards. It will help top authority to take proper decisions which are
beneficial for organisation.
POLITICS
In this, politics is a negative prospect which have possibility of discouragement and
issues of employees within A David & Co Ltd. Subordinates need to work in surrounding which
is full of politics (Elstad, Christophersen and Turmo, 2012). Along with this, workers interest is
also affected because of strict rules as well as regulations applied by management. Hence,
politics gave influence in employees behaviour and performance which are as follows: Increases stress level: A David & Co Ltd workplace is influenced through politics, as
employees have competition for their career growth. It increases jealousy within workers
which give rise to stress as well as affect subordinates work within team. Along with this,
supervisor abilities and mind set impact on performance of entire team.
 Decline in productivity: In A David & Co Ltd, workers productivity level is influenced
through internal politics which give rise to disputed and conflicts among the group
members. Along with this, it gave impact on focus of group members work which
outcomes in decreasing in quality of food products.
POWER
Power is define that top authority are having duties which are given by executives in
order to design system in regard to company objectives and goals. With this, they even require
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to have skills to persuade as well as make workers work within team for improving productivity.
In A David & Co Limited, power of management is to direct employees as well as make them
function as per its opinions and vision. Therefore, there are two types of power which are given
below: Reward power: In this, it is an efficient way which help management to improve its
performance to get effective rewards in order to achieve results. Along with this,
monetary rewards is best technique in order to stimulate employees of A David & Co
Ltd. It will help in enhancing its market image and productivity as well (Fagbohungbe,
Akinbode and Ayodeji, 2012).
 Coercive power: In this, top authority make policies and rules for directing employees in
order to accomplish their work effectively. In A David & Co Ltd, supervisor give booklet
as well as target of manufacturing of products. Hence, coercive power is a negative form
of power which affect on performance and demotivate them as well.
Thus, companies politics, culture and power are various prospect which impact on
employees performance and behaviour of team and individual. Human Resources manager of A
David & Co Ltd duties is to give positive surrounding as well as facilities to employees in order
to accomplish their work appropriately. Likewise, they even require to take care that power and
politics prospect are kept away to provide value to worker as well as make them concentrated
towards their work.
TASK 2
P2 Evaluate motivation theories and its techniques
Human resource supervisor of an organisation is mainly liable in order to manage team
and individual by stimulating them within a span of time. Workers are the essential part of A
David & Co Ltd as they assist in performing business activities. This firm have to run practices
properly which aid in meeting demands and outcomes effectively (Motivational Theories, 2017).
Several methods and techniques are their in order to motivate workers which are adopt by
enterprise. It is necessary for organisation to adopt various methods of motivation in order to
emphasis workers productivity and performance. It will help in producing higher quality of
products by raising the level of customers satisfaction. Some of methods and techniques are as
follows:
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 Intrinsic: As per this, supervisor provides roles and responsibilities to workers in respect
to its demand which are delivering issues, more favourite and many more. This give high
level of worker satisfaction which aid in raising performance quality.
 Extrinsic: Supervisor require motivation technique which workers can accommodate for
achieving its targets and objectives. This will assist in enhancing workers confidence as
well as firms services at same time.
In this David & Co Ltd, situation management and business environment have to analyse
its workplace. In this, they have to select a proper techniques in order to stimulate them in an
effective manner for meeting objectives and goals within given time period. Every organisation
need proper motivation relatively but it is not easy to implement. Therefore, in the term of
enhancing performance, working environment and many more by adopting different motivation
theory (Georgalis and et. al., 2015). It is divided into two types of theories which are as follows:
Content theory
In this theory, it explains why employees need change with time. Its aim is to carry out
workers need and designate stimulate elements in order to fulfil their needs and emphasis
performance which aid in motivating them in an appropriate manner.
Reinforcement theory: In this, it identify the behaviour of employees that provide its result which
are beneficial for business and its aim is to retain them for a long run. On other hand, individual
behaviour which results are unfavourable outcomes are suspended. This reinforcement theory
adopt tool as well as techniques of punishment, positive and negative reinforcement and
extinction in order to manage the employee's behaviour.
Vroom's Theory: This theory predict outcomes of individual behaviour from the conscious
selection from all alternatives whose purpose is to improve satisfaction (Glendon, Clarke and
McKenna, 2016). This will help in realising workers performance which are connected with
individual factors such as abilities, skills, personality, knowledge and many more. This theory
believes that particular person need to select their behaviour in an appropriate manner. In this
supervisor believe in receiving proper results. It is categorised into three parts: Expectancy: In this, perception of person will outcomes in performance. Their efforts
correlates with individual performance. Valence: In this, perceived strength of punishment will show from its performance.
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 Instrumentality: The people perception from which performance will be punished or
rewarded.
(Source:Vroom's Theory, 2017)
Process theory
Company manage the needs to analysed particular person behaviour in context of
considering its priorities and demands which help in solving issues. e.g. How presentation of task
is influenced from work process. Some of various theories are:
Maslow's Hierarchy Need Theory: This theory is eliminated in five parts in which each company
have to use in order to stimulate workers. It is very effective way of motivating their employees.
Its factors are as follows: Psychological Need: It refers to basic requirements of peoples such as water, cloths,
food, house and so on (Hamer and Collinson, 2014). Safety Need: Every particular person wants safety while working in the organisation like
as heath, finance and many more. In context of enjoying life without any uncertainty. Social Need: In this factor, it includes support, friends, lover, family etc. Every person
must be satisfied by utilizing resources and providing happiness. Self-esteem Need: After meeting all the above needs then individual person need respect
from others which emphasis its motivation, self confidence and many more.
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Illustration 2: Vroom's Theory

(Maslow's Hierarchy Need Theory, 2018) Self Actualisation Need: In this level, person want to perform its prestige, they require
social improvement through creating better picture which can stimulate them in an proper
manner.
ERG Theory of Alderfer: This is categoried in 3 parts which are given below: Growth Requirements: Every worker desire career growth while providing development
opportunities to their employees in order to stimulate them to accomplish work
effectively (Huhtala and et. al., 2013).
 Relatedness needs: Firms management make safe, better and healthy environment with
other employees. Hence, it emphasise motivation e.g. it is linked with a satisfactory
relation with employees in a organisation.
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Illustration 3: Maslow's Hierarchy Need Theory

(Source:ERG Theory of Alderfer, 2017)
 Existence Need: According to this, firm have to check workers whether they are
physically fit for working or not.
TASK 3
P3 What makes an effective team opposes to ineffective team
In order to conduct business operations in short interval of time, managers of a company
are used to distribute roles and responsibilities of a task to employees by engaging them in team.
It has analysed that if people within an organisation work in group then it helps in enhancing
knowledge and improving skills of them (Ifinedo, 2012). Along with this, it also aid managers in
developing good relations among them by which healthy environment can be created at
workplace. In this regard, team can be built in two major forms which are given below: Effective: In this, when all group members work in cooperation and have good mutual
understanding then it is said to effective team. Company management is adopting open
communication strategy in its teams which emphasis skills, work knowledge and many
more.
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Illustration 4: ERG Theory of Alderfer

 Ineffective: In this, specific person are not able to make changes and learn findings as
emergence of issue is much. So, particular people primarily depend on leaders which
influence on task in a negative manner. It is management responsibilities to make a
proper relations among workers at the working environment.
BELBIN'S THEORY
This model was developed by Dr Meredith Belbin which specifies propensity of
employees performance and behaviour within a team. It is important that worker should get
effective culture in organisation to meet goals within given period of time. With this,
management create and maintain relations with employees in order to accomplish their task
properly (Jansen and Samuel, 2014). This help manager of A David & Co Ltd to have
competent and skilled and employees which can provide quality of food products to their buyers.
This theory have various components which are as follows:
(Source: Belbin's theory, 2018) Plant: Particular person who are involved in this are imaginative, creative innovator etc.
As they always come up with innovative and new ideas. In this, they perform to give
higher level of benefits but they mainly like to work alone instead of team. In this, they
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Illustration 5: Belbin's theory

make proper use of advanced tools & technologies which can provide them appropriate
outcomes in an span of time. Coordinator: They gives proper information related to acquire set goals and objectives.
Hence, manager role is essential as they guide as well as give proper information to
workers in order to accomplish their activities within a span of time. Complete Finisher: In this, they go through the whole process thoroughly. It is
accomplished for eliminating omission within the work. Complete finisher play a very
important role in searching out omission or errors in the entire process. Teamwork: If organisation have to attain objectives and goals it is important for A David
& Co Ltd to have effective team and they accomplish work with a aim of working for a
same target. In this, it is needed that firms should have cleared goals and objectives in
order to accomplish them within a time limit (Odetunde, 2013). Implementer: They consider reliable, conservative, disciplined and efficient. They turn
ideas into practical actions. They implement the strategies in an effective way for getting
outcomes. Specialist: In this, it consider self-starting, single-minded and dedicated. It also gives rare
skills as well as knowledge. Resource investigator: For operating enterprise it is essential that company should have
proper amount of resources which is used for executing plans in a effective way. Thus,
having proper finance is one of the element which may help A David & Co Ltd in
providing suitable outcomes to firms. Shaper: They are dynamical within nature as well as guide others. So, they can complete
the work appropriately. Besides this, shaper ensure that all policies as well as various
chances are taken into consideration. So, that no complications and problems are faced by
organisation while performing activities in order to meet objectives and goals. Monitor evaluator: Its major role is to analyse workers performance it will help
supervisor in analysing workers behaviour that they are happy with its task or not.
Difference within ineffective and effective team
Particulars Effective team Ineffective team
Conflict Resolution Effective team maintain and
construct relations with
Ineffective team in which
employees views do not match
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