BTEC HND Business: Organisational Behaviour Report, Unit 12

This report, prepared for a BTEC HND in Business unit on Organisational Behaviour, examines various facets of workplace dynamics. It begins by exploring the influence of organisational culture, politics, and power on individual and team performance, using Sports Direct International Plc. as a case study. The report then delves into different motivational theories, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, evaluating their effectiveness in achieving organizational objectives. Finally, it contrasts effective and ineffective team characteristics, offering insights into building high-performing teams. The report provides a thorough analysis of these key concepts, supporting students in understanding and applying organisational behaviour principles within a business setting.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................3
LO 1..............................................................................................................................................................3
P1. Influence of organisational culture, politics and power on the behaviour and performance of
individual and team.................................................................................................................................3
LO2 ..............................................................................................................................................................6
P.2 Different motivational theories and their effectiveness in accomplishing of objectives of firm .......6
(Source:- Motivation Theory , 2018)............................................................................10
LO 3............................................................................................................................................................10
P.3 Difference between effective and ineffective team which helps in making effective team............10
There are lot of differences between effective and ineffective team. They are-...................................10
LO 4............................................................................................................................................................13
P4. Application of concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior.............................................13
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................17

INTRODUCTION
Organization have many staff members who can perform different functions and
activities to achieve goals and objectives. Management can give proper and correct
directions to all employees so that they can perform in better manner. For getting
successful in the market, company’s managers have to keep an eye on behavior of all
the employees ( Ali, 2010). This is important for maintaining good communication and a
level of coordination among the workers and their teams. Sports Direct International
Plc., a British retailer group was founded by Mike Ashley in 1982. The organization is
considered as one of the largest goods retailer of sports in the whole UK with over 670
stores in the whole world. In this report , organizational culture, office politics, power and
its effect on the functioning of the staff as individuals as well as in teams, motivation to
the employees to achieve their targets and making of effective teams are explained.
LO 1
P1. Influence of organisational culture, politics and power on the behaviour and
performance of individual and team
Culture
Sports Direct International Plc. Is a worldwide service providing retail
organization. The company only deals in sports products and it is regarded as the
biggest retailer of UK. It has 670 stores all over in the world. For the company to be
successful, it becomes the duty of manager to adopt a certain culture which is
necessary for making better teams and to ensure removal of politics in office (What is
organizational behaviour, 2017).
Organizational culture involves values and practices which should be followed by
the employees while doing their work. It becomes essential for developing the social
and psychological environment. Norms, vision, systems, assumptions, vision, language,
location, environment, belief and habits are some factors included in this culture. The
company comprises of the following four types of culture:

 Power culture: It involves distribution of power between the workers in the firm.
This has a huge effect on the relation between workers and departments of the
organization. This ensures that employees perform their tasks on the basis of the
power given to them. Effective channelization of the power is necessary for the
performance of the workers as individuals as well as in teams that lead the
company towards growth.
 Role culture: Each of the workers in the company has different role to play
according to their strengths. Manager of Sports Direct International Plc. has the
job to assign roles to all the employees. This removes confusion of any sort
among the employees. This increases the productivity of the firm and reduces
the repetition of functions (Al-Zu’bi, 2010)
 Task culture: The manager of the organization has his main focus on the
development of teams which help in finding solutions to complex tasks and
targets. Benefit of this culture to the firm is timely identification of the problems
and their solutions to improve the functioning of the employees and their teams
(Ayyagari, Grover and Purvis, 2011).
 Person culture: Manager of the company also has the task to help each and
every employee and support them to develop their skills and become more
professional at their jobs. This keeps the workers motivated so that they can
perform their best and have better coordination with the management.
Politics
Organizational politics involves informal effort to sell their own ideas, influence
the firm, increase power and achievement of other goals. This is done by the workers of
the company to better their image in front of the top management. This proves to be a
demotivating factor for the workers at Sports Direct International Plc. This prevents the
hard working employees of the company from getting the appraisal they deserve. The
effect of politics in office on individual and teams is as follows:

 Reduction in productivity: Because of office politics, non deserving workers
attain higher positions. This will have a great effect on the performance of the
workers which will decrease the overall productivity of the company.
 Effect on concentration: Politics in office changes the behavior of employees
and they become more involved in using false tactics to reach higher position in
the company. As a result workers become less concentrated on their work and
make mistakes. This leads to the whole team being affected negatively and
hinders their ability to complete their tasks in the given time.
 Increases stress: Politics in office causes stress to be increased upon the hard
working employees as they are not getting the appraisal they deserve for their
contribution. This creates a feeling of distrust among the members of a group
and the communication process. As a result lots of problems remain unattended
in the company and thus the overall performance of the team is affected.
Power
Power is all about having the authority (Baum, Frese and Baron, 2014). The
person possessing power in the company can affect other employees and their behavior
with the control over resources. Power should be rightly used so that employees get the
right guidance and perform their best. The types of power possessed by Sports Direct
International Plc. are as follows:
 Legitimate power: It is the power possessed by the employee because of the
higher position in organization. The power to control the subordinates is more
with higher position of the individuals. This improves the functioning of the
employees to get higher positions in the company.
 Coercive power: This kind of power gives the authority to an individual to
punish other workers upon non achievement of targets. This kind of power has a
negative effect on the workers. As a result the overall productivity of the firm also
decreases. ( Coccia and Rolfo, 2013).

LO2
P.2 Different motivational theories and their effectiveness in accomplishing of
objectives of firm
Motivation is a process in which internal and external factors can influence
person to act in certain manner and to achieve a particular goals. It results from a
need,rewards, expectations etc. Through this they an be motivated and work harder to
accomplish a particular goals. Various motivational theories which are applied by Sports
Direct International Plc. This includes process and content theory. Content theory
means the factors which are three in all individuals and which can affect behavior of all
persons. It includes identification of various needs through which increase zeal and
motivation of all staff members and improves performance of staff members. To achieve
this needs management manager uses various motivational theories which are given
by Abraham Maslow and Hertzberg 2 factor theory 2 theories which are important to
enhance performance of all staff member (Three Main Theories of Motivation, 2017).
Maslow’s Hierarchy theory: Main emphasis of this theory is to determine
different needs of all persons and safety of all needs. Needs are diversified and
classified into 5 categories. They are from higher to lower. After satisfaction of lower
needs, all staff members are satisfied with satisfaction of their higher needs. Maslow’s
different needs are explained below:
 Physiological needs: It includes needs which are basic of staff members such
as water, food, air, clothing and shelter. These are basic things that are expected
by each staff members. All workers are huge enthusiastic and motivated of these
needs are fulfilled.
 Safety needs: It includes various measures and steps in firm for retention and
safety of all staff members. They have to secured against various risks. For
example job safety, health protection and financial security.

(Source:- McLeod, 2017)
 Social needs: It includes various needs such as care, affection ,friendliness and
friendship. They will be taken as high and much importance in firm. Through this
there is development if all employees. Hence it leads to getting and success of all
staff members.
 Esteem needs: There are two types of needs external and internal. Internal
esteem needs include self respect, freedom and self respect. External needs
include different needs such as recognition etc.
 Self actualization needs: It includes need for self satisfaction and growth. Al
staff members have high potential so that they can improve their knowledge so
that they performance can be improved and they can accumpo0kihs their goals.
Illustration 1: Maslow hierarchy theory needs

Hertzberg 2 factor theory: It includes 2 factors which are hygiene and
motivation. Through this it can enhance the motivation level of all employees (DeChurch
and Mesmer-Magnus, 2010).
(Source:-Employee Motivation - Herzberg's Theory, 2018 )
Hygiene factors: It includes different factors through which all staff members
can be motivated. Due to absence of these factors it can create dissatisfaction among
all employees. Hence these factors are known as maintenance factors. Hygienic
factors are physiological needs through which al staff members wants that they can be
fulfilled. These factors can be explained below:
Pay: Salary which is according to work.
Fringe benefits: Various benefits which are given to all employees such as health care,
help programs etc.
Status: Maintaining high reputation and image in organization (DeChurch and Mesmer-
Magnus, 2010).
Illustration 2: Employee Motivation - Herzberg's Theory

Process theory: It includes different theories which helps to explain different
ways through which firm can change itself. It helps in contribution of existing skills in
staff members. Through this all staff members can easily accomplish their goals and
they can perform better. They also gives goods results. Various factors are explained
below: Theory of expectancy: It means willingness of staff members while they are
performing various functions of firm. If they are willing they can perform better and can
give superior results. Through thus firm can earn more revenues.
Setting goals: All staff members main objective is to accomplish their goals. So
they are have clear understanding and knowledge that they have to accomplish their
goals.
Theories of equity: It has main focus on performance of all staff members. For
this they treat all staff members equally and gives the equal pay so that they can
perform better. Through this there enthusiasm level increases and thus they can give
best results.
Theories of reinforcement: It includes behavior of staff members if they are
working in their profession. Through this all errors easily identified and hence it can
improve performance of company. Hence firm can earn more revenues and thus they
can increase their reputation in market.

(Source:- Motivation Theory , 2018)
LO 3
P.3 Difference between effective and ineffective team which helps in making effective
team
There are lot of differences between effective and ineffective team. They are-
Attribute Effective team Ineffective team
Working environment Working environment in
effective team is
comfortable ,informal and
relaxed.
Ineffective team have
environment of stress, stiff
and tension etc.
Discussion There is a debate and a
discussion in which all staff
members are dedicated
There are different teams in
which there is a process.
Team members are not
Illustration 3: Motivation Theory

and focused. They all have
equal day in decisions
related to firm.
focused.
Listening Encourages participation of
staff members in teams.
They take various decisions
and they have many
distractions.
Various teams and their importance:
Team members have high knowledge and potential related to their job role and
other functions and provides these functions in accomplishing of different goals of firm
(Haslam and et.al., 2014). Sports direct international Plc. is retail firm which provides
different functions in various parts of country. Different section work in a team and they
gain many benefits (Hershcovis, 2011). This includes positive and friendly working
environment, behavior which is supporting, no issues and conflicts in firm. There are
various teams which have various other functions. Thus various teams and their
importance in Sports Direct International Plc. are described below:
Functional teams: They are formed in a team in which firm has to perform and achieve a
particular task. Each staff members have various roles towards their work. Manager can
give various directions to staff members so that they can perform well.
Importance: Through an effective and efficient team tough problems and issues can be
solved. This directly improves performance of the firm. Through this cost and time of
firm by proper utilization of resources.
Problem solving team: These teams are effective and efficient and thus it helps in
solving all issues and problems. They give direct solution to all members. They can also
create plans and strategies related to future. Through this all staff members can perform
better. It results in accomplishment of all objectives. Hence problems cannot arise in
future.

Importance: Helps in determining of all problems and issues and give response so that
all staff members can give goods results.
Virtual teams: These types of teams are interconnected to each other using technology.
Members of the team do not have any sort of face to face interactions. To do their tasks
and discuss with other team members they have to use technology. These teams
perform their tasks and interact with all members using the help of video conferencing.
Importance: Virtual teams have a huge importance for the companies that are operating
on a worldwide basis. To share ideas these teams use video conferencing and perform
functions. Sports Direct International Plc. manage their functionality in different nations
using these kind of teams.
Project team: These kinds of teams are built for the completion of a specific important
project of the company effectively. According to the requirement of the projects the
members of project team are selected. This helps the organization to complete the
projects effectively (Huang and Bond, 2012).
Importance: The importance of these teams lies in completion of huge projects before
the given time limit and attains competitiveness in market. These teams are very
effective and members are skilled.
Factors which make effective teams
Management of Sports Direct International Plc. keeps in mind the following
different factors to make efficient teams:
Communication: Communication between the members is a very important aspect to be
considered while making good teams (John, 2010)
 . Communication is really important for sharing of ideas effective discussions and
relationship between the members. All the members are given certain roles in the
team through efficient communication channels. Members of the team are
distributed roles that are best for the team’s working