Organisational Behaviour Report: AM (Holding) Ltd Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour within AM (Holding) Ltd. It begins by examining the impact of organisational culture, politics, and power on individual and team behaviour, including an exploration of different cultural classifications (power, role, task, and person culture) and Hofstede's cultural dimensions. The report then delves into the evaluation of content and process theories of motivation, with a specific focus on Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Furthermore, it demonstrates effective cooperation strategies and concludes with an application of organisational behaviour concepts and philosophies to the given scenario. The report covers various aspects of organisational behaviour, including the influence of power, politics, and culture on employees, motivational tools and techniques, and effective cooperation strategies within the workplace.

Organisational Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1: Analysis about how organisation culture, politics and power impact on individual and
team........................................................................................................................................3
TASK2.............................................................................................................................................8
P2: Evaluating content and process theories of motivation....................................................8
TASK3...........................................................................................................................................11
P3: Demonstrate on how to cooperate effectively with other..............................................11
TASK4...........................................................................................................................................13
P4: Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour. ....................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is a part of management system that refer to the study of group as
well as individual performance within the organisation. When an individual joins organisation
they bring their personal characteristics and experiences from personal background or other
working area. Thus, it is essential for group member to have particular aim and objective among
the individual working within the organisation. This report entirely focuses on the behaviour of
staffs and administration within AM (Holding) Ltd. It is a holding company that supplies and
manufactures confectionery foils and packaging products (Burrell and Morgan, 2017). This
report will cover following topics like influence of power, politics and culture on individual as
well as team behaviour of employees within the organisation. Apart from this, motivational tools
and techniques will also be discussed that can help in attaining the set goals. Understanding on
how to cooperate effectively with others. Lastly, examination of all application related with the
concepts and philosophies of organisation behaviour in the give scenario are clearly discussed in
this report.
TASK 1
P1: Analysis about how organisation culture, politics and power impact on individual and team
It is very essential for company to implement required roles and responsibility for their
members as well as employees to attain group as well as company's objectives effectively.
Organisational culture refers to expectation of organisation, philosophies, experience, value as
well as norms and practices that are exchanged among employee working in the same unit. Thus,
it is essential for an individual to adopt culture according to the requirement of company by
implementing valuable value, norm and belief. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd the culture should be
related to the vision, mission and interest of company to attain overall objective (Coccia and
Cadario, 2014).
Organisation Culture: Organisation culture refer to the shared value, assumption and
belief of an individual that has a strong influence within the company. Every organisation has
distinct or unique culture. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd plays an important aspects in packaging
products which are then supplied further to dairy, multimedia, confectionery and pharmaceutical
market. Thus, in order reach certain markets it is necessary for employees to abide by certain
rules and obligation of manager within the company. Hence, in order to maintain proper healthy

culture, it is the duty of company to solve the issue related to department through innovation and
risk taking ability.
Classification of Organisational culture
Power culture: During the time of manufacturing and supply of packaged product within
AM (Holding) Ltd, power resides in the hand of their manager and leader to whom they have to
accountable. The number of employees within respective company are more than supervisor but
due to the power and authority superior can lead their team effectively to attain organisational
activity. Therefore, respective manager should influence the performance of an individual as well
as team by guiding the direction and maximizing the chances of growth.
Role culture: Within company each and every worker is assigned certain roles and
responsibilities. Manager of AM (Holding) Ltd company influences the performance of
individual as well as team by delegate work to employee on the basis of their specialisation,
knowledge, skill and capability. Hence, effort of an employee as well as team plays a valuable
role to attain short term as well as long term objective (Coccia, 2014).
Task culture: The primary objective of task culture team is to prepare a team in which
every person contributes their skill, knowledge and effort equally to achieve a particular task.
Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd company direct the behaviour of individual as well as team by
differentiate teams like manufacturing or supply team on the basis of knowledge and experience
of worker to conduct certain task properly. Therefore, company make sure creation of task
culture will increase efficiency of employee and lead to profitable outcome.
Person culture: According to this culture, employee consider their personal objective
more valuable than organisation objective. Like, sometime in AM Ltd arises a clash between
employee and management on the basis of priorities. This causes huge impact on the
performance of company. Therefore, in order to main the behaviour of indivial within team
company must try to associate organisational objective with the individual objective.
Therefore, among all the above culture, AM limited company prefer task culture to carry
out day to day operations effectively. Hence, leads to coordination and healthy relation among
team members.
Hofstede's cultural dimension theory: It refers to the framework of cross culture
communication. This theory is applicable in AM (Holding) Ltd company that help in identifying
four different types of cultures within the company. These culture are described below:

 Masculinity vs Feminity- This is a kind of influence related to variation concerned with
values associated with genders according to organisational culture. For example the male
employees are more then female employees in AM limited which leads to situation that
female employees in business organisation are not much aggressive to perform their task
and activities.
 Individualism and collectivism- It represents strength of unity which tie all the
employees with team spirit. Management of this AM limited mainly dependent on
various teams to conduct of tasks of organisation because it assist them in attaining and
developing better and improved ideas in order to perform task.
 Index of Uncertainty avoidance: With the help of this culture worker in company use to
cop with the UN predicted and tough situation that can hinder their performance. The
respective company is trying to avoid all those possible situation and manager provide
maximum motivation and encouragement to worker so that they can deal with situation.
 Long Term orientation: It has been observed that interrelationship with worker also
have a positive impact on various situation that support manager to make company a
better workplace to work for existing worker. So with the aid of this dimensions manager
of AM can easily motivate their employees to work in proper manner to attain the goals.
Therefore, managers of AM holding LTD can implement person culture and
Individualism and collectivism of Hofstede's dimension in their workplace because it will be
helpful for them in increasing capabilities and skills of their employees and teams. By
implementing such kind of culture, workers and groups of firm will complete their task with full
confidence which will be one of the positive sign for firm to achieve sustainability and growth in
the marketplace.
Organisation Power: Power is defined as the ability of an individual to influencing other
individual. In simple words, it helps manager to guide the behaviour of employee to perform
business activity. In AM (Holding) Ltd gives power to mangers of different functions to
influence the performance of employee. Therefore, different types of power are described below:
Legitimate power: Legitimate power refer to positioned power, where an authority is
delegated to the members of organisation. Additionally, team member directly report to their
managers like suppliers of company is accountable to sales head. Therefore, it helps team

member to accomplish their target successfully. If management does not use this power in
effective way than individual and team behaviour can be influence. (Kazemipour and Mohd
Amin, 2012).
Expert power: An expert is known for its expertise knowledge over subject material.
They work in favour of company by providing suggestion to organisation in order to deal with
specific issue. Furthermore, AM (Holding) Ltd uses expert power to overcome uncertain events
that occur within the company and affect its performance. The behaviour of individual an team
can be influenced when they observe that an individual have lot of knowledge which encourage
them to perform better.
Coercive power: It is used to threaten and punish the employees if they don't follow the
guidelines of company. Hence, the manager of AM (Holding) Ltd make sure if the member of
company misconduct they have to face this power which include demotion, termination and so
on. Thus, increase the productivity as well as profitability of organisation.
Referent power: It is the responsibility of manager to direct their team appropriately so
that the team member gets influenced and work cooperatively. This power influence an
individual, team member as well as organisation to fulfil the overall objective. The behaviour of
individual and team can be influenced when manager does not guide effectively as a result
people does no how they have to perform to achieve the organisational goal.
Reward power: Under this power company allocate reward based on the result or
performances of an individual. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd uses this power to encourage and
motive workers of an organisation. Thus, above power includes hike in salary, promotion, bonus
etc. Therefore, this lead an employee to contribute efforts in fulfilling the objective of
organisation (Kitchin, 2017).
Political Behavioural: Political behaviour within workplace refers to an informal
behaviour that causes positive or negative impact on organisation outcome. Managers guide or
teach employees to work well within team and attain organisational goal. Therefore, in AM
(Holding) Ltd positive politics lead to peace and cooperation whereas negative politics widen the
chance of turnover and absenteeism rate. The behaviour of individual and team can be influence
when manager involves in discriminations activities on the basis of pay scale and gender
inequality. As a result people feel demotivated and does not [perform its roles as per the
requirements of company.

TASK2
P2: Evaluating content and process theories of motivation
Content theory: It defines the reason of changes in human needs with the passage of
time. This theory is based on the internal factors that influence human behaviour. There are
various content theories followed by the organisation such as Maslow's theory, Management
Assumption theory and ERG theory but AM (Holding) Ltd company follow the Maslow's theory.
This theory provides a framework for dealing with the individuals. This theory is a combination
of the work performed by David Mc Clelland, Abraham Maslow and other psychologists.
Maslow theory is a part of content theory. It was propounded by Abraham Maslow in the year
1943. There is various need developed within an individual which motivates their behaviour but
these are unknown and hierarchy of them are not defined. The theory explains the hierarchy of
need within an individual starting from basic needs to self fulfilment needs. This theory is
adopted by AM Limited and the hierarchy of theory is as follows (Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs,
(2018):
(Source: Maslow hierarchy theory, 2018)
Physiological needs: These includes the basic necessities for the survival such as food,
air, water, shelter and clothing. These are very basic primary needs as other needs are part of
secondary needs. If these needs are not satisfied, an individual cannot survive for further need.
AM Limited provides basic pay, other essential facilities and works to fulfil the basic needs of its
Illustration 1: Maslow hierarchy theory, 2018

employees by providing adequate salary for their survival. Salary provided by the organization
enable the employees to afford adequate living.
Security and safety needs: These needs are activated once the physiological needs are
fulfilled. At this level, the security and safety needs becomes necessary for living. The basic
security and safety needs includes needs for safety and protection from frauds, laws, freedom
from fear, stability, security and more. AM Limited provide a secured working environment free
from harm and provides a security to its employees. The organization provides security to
temporary staff as well as pension schemes for permanent workers and ensures health and safety
to its employees. Employees at the organization perform their jobs freely without any fear of
loss.
Belongingness and love needs: After the fulfilment of physiological and safety needs,
then belongingness and love needs arises. It includes love, trust, giving and receiving affection.
To fulfil these needs AM Limited organises picnics, celebrations, get together to encourage the
employee involvement with other members of the organization. The organization promotes team
and team building works at various levels. All the employees feel at the organization as they are
like friends and family.
Esteem needs: Once the love and affection needs of an individual are satisfactory met,
then esteem needs emerges. Everyone wants respect and status in the organization. These needs
are related to self- confidence, status, achievement, respect. In AM Limited, to fulfil these needs
organisation introduces various awards banquets to recognise the distinguished achievement in
front of all members. Through this, employees feel motivated and confident in their abilities.
Self- actualization needs: These are also known as self fulfilment needs. At this stage,
people are self aware regarding personal growth, less concerned with what others opinions are
and are interested in fulfilling their own goals. It includes creative activities, peak experiences,
problem solving. In AM Limited, people at this stage start performing their own passions which
they left behind, and the organization provides a platform for personal development plans.
Content theory help the organisation to achieve their business objectives and goals.
Maslow's theory help the company's manager to fulfil the needs of the employee because after
the fulfilment of their basic need employees able to perform well. This theory helps in
motivating employees which enhance the performance of workers and increase the productivity
of business.

Process theory: Human nature is full of complexity. There has always been difficulty in
understanding the motive behind their actions. Process theories of motivation is developed to
concentrate on the behaviour and actions of individual (McLennan, 2013). There are various
process theory of motivation such as Equity theory, expectancy theory and Vroom theory. AM
(Holding) Ltd company follow the Vroom theory to motivate their employees. Expectancy
theory of vroom is a part of process theory. It helps to understand the psychological mind state of
people, their desires so that they can be used to motivate them. The three main elements of this
theory are as follows:
Valence: People expect rewards in the form of outcome once they are done performing
the task. The desires that an individual wish to fulfil with his hard work. Desires can be of
money, respected position, awards or any other reward. AM limited should discover them and
use them to motivate employees in the organisation.
Expectancy: The expectations and confidence level of employees to perform the task is
also one of the factor that motivates employee. AM limited gives significant training to its
employees to increase their confidence and improvement in their work.
Instrumentality: People in the organisation are unsure of whether they will get benefits
by the end of the performance of work or not, so they should be made sure about it. Therefore,
AM limited keeps a records of employees rewards and documents which acts as a proof and
gives a validation about statements made by the organisation.
Process theory helps in motivating employees to work hard and helps in achieving
organisational goals. This theory provides employees information regarding what is expected
from them by the organisation. Pre information helps employees to form an idea how to perform
their role and helps in achievement of organisational goals.
Different motivation technique for staff to achieve organisational objective are as follows:
 The manager of AM limited creates positive working environment by encouraging team
members to perform their task effectively by eliminating or at least minimising conflict.
This healthy environment helps in achieving objective of organisation.
 Respective company must share the objective, vision and mission of company with its
employee so that they remain connected with the motive of company and achieve the
organisational objective (Lawrence and Lee, 2013).

 Apart from this, managers can increase the motivation by providing monetary or non
monetary incentive on the accomplishment of certain target.
TASK3
P3: Demonstrate on how to cooperate effectively with other.
Difference between effective and ineffective team
Effective team Ineffective team
 The objectives of effective team are
clear to all personnel due to which they
engage their effort in the
accomplishment of task.
 The team members are interdependent
on each other in a positive manner.
This helps in achieving the goal of an
individual team member as well as
organisational goals (Okurame, 2012).
 Respective team encourages the group
discussion or decision making process
according to the situation.
 Communication gap does not arises
between manager and group member
under effective team.
 The objectives of ineffective team are
unclear due to which they remain
deviated from the goal.
 Under ineffective team the members are
not interdependent on each other in
constructive way due to which they
don't succeed in achieving individual
constructive results.
 Here decisions are made by highest
authority. Thus, due to minimal group
discussion the team members remain
ineffective.
 Lack of communication gap and
coordination leads to ineffective team.
Types of team:
Functional team: If refer to the group of team member who function together to achieve
the share objective. Thus, it includes various subordinate and manager that manages internal
relationship among various department of organisation.
Problem solving team: This type of team is functional for short period of time. Here,
expert of each department come to solve certain problem once the problem is solved or team

member gets the solution this team gets dissolved AM (Holding) Ltd can make problem solving
team to address certain situation.
Project team: Project team is created to resolve the issues of workforce that have
negative impact on groups or company's performance. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd. form project
team to work on the problem faced by team member and bring accuracy within the company.
Tuckman's theory: This theory refers to the formation of team that work together with
full potential to achieve the objective of organisation within stipulated period of time. It includes
five stages that is forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning to make effective
team. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd. follows these stages for the formation of team.
Forming: In forming different individual come together for the first time and get familiar
with each other. These members are grouped together on the basis of skill, specialisation and
common interest. Here, interaction takes place by introducing themselves and brief discussion
about task to be performed. Herein, AM (Holding) Ltd team are made for first time and get
familiar with each other (Robbins, et. al., 2013).
Storming: The second method of Tuckman's theory is storming in which team member
are already familiar with other. Under this stages, conflict arises among team members as
discussion is made on the task to be accomplished by team members. Therefore, to make
performance oriented AM (Holding) Ltd make sure team focuses on result by avoiding the
distractions.
Norming: In norming team becomes functional as roles and responsibilities are assigned
to each team member along with that they remain committed towards goal. Moreover, team
member resolve their issues by appreciating each other’s work. Furthermore, this stage helps
employee of AM (Holding) Ltd to develop a healthy relation among each other and fulfil
organisational goal with full efficiency and effectiveness.
Performing: At this stage further decision regarding task is not made, team member just
meet to monitor the progress of task. In simple words, team has shared objective and
participation is made in order to achieve it. Moreover, even if disagreement occurs within team it
gets resolved positively (Teh and Sun, 2012). Herein, respective company gets benefited by
performing stage, as all employee put huge effort to achieve the goal.
Adjourning: In this stage groups gets dissolved as the project comes to an end. This stage
is difficult to cross for team members because they develop informal relationship with each

other. Moreover, once the project comes to an end everyone moves back to their own respective
functional department. Hence, it become difficult employee of AM company to dissolve the
group and carry on with other task.
Therefore, these stages help in building an effective team for particular time period in
order to accomplish certain specified projects that are smaller in duration. Moreover, Tuckman's
theory is adopted by many of the organisation so that an effective or a dynamic team can be
developed, as it helps a respective organisation to attain its goal and objective within stipulated
time period.
Belbin Theory: In Belbin theory the behaviour of individual as well as group is studied
to analyse the chances of improving behaviour. Belbin theory talks about nine roles that are
coordinator, shaper, implementer, completer, resource investigator, team worker, plant, monitor
evaluator and specialist that is performed by an individual while conducting its job within an
organisation. Hence, these roles need to be significantly studied for accomplishing the certain
task as well as company's objective. Thus, behaviours are studied by managers for better
management to enhance the performance and overall objective of organisation. wallpaper
TASK4
P4: Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour.
Path goal theory focuses on how subordinate gets motivated by leaders to achieve
organisational goal by enhancing employee’s performance. AM limited company gets benefited
by using this theory, as it helps in keeping employee motivated. Its aim is to maintain optimum
relationship between effective leader's style as well as characteristics of followers. Under this
theory, leader follows following leadership behaviour (nsworth, Dmitrieva and Adriasolam,
2013):
Directive leadership: Under this leadership style, leader give instructions to the
employees regarding the guideline of task and its deadline. Along with that leader inform their
staff the process to carry out best task. Therefore, leader of AM limited can use this leadership
style for the employee who need directions to perform task.
Supportive leadership: Here leader is people oriented, they keep lot of attention in
individual need. Moreover, they treat their employee by being friendly, supportive and