Organisational Behaviour Report: Tommies Childcare Case Study Analysis

This report delves into the realm of organisational behaviour, focusing on how culture, power, and politics influence individual and team performance within a company, using Tommies Childcare as a case study. It explores the impact of organisational components, including culture (role, task, person, and power), various forms of power (reward, coercive, legitimate, referent, and expert), and the effects of workplace politics. The report also examines content and process theories of motivation, motivational techniques, and team development theories to enhance goal accomplishment and overall organisational success. Furthermore, it evaluates the relevance of these concepts and philosophies in shaping behaviour and fostering effective team dynamics. The report concludes with recommendations for fostering a positive work environment and improving employee performance.

Organisational Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1. How an organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour
performance.................................................................................................................................1
M1. Critically explain the influence of organisational components on individual and team
behaviour.....................................................................................................................................5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2. How content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques help in
effective accomplishment of goals..............................................................................................5
M2. Critique on the way in which behaviour is impacted by motivational concepts.................7
D1. Critique of relation between culture, politics, power and motivation which help team and
organizational success.................................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3. Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team...........................7
M1. Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of the
company......................................................................................................................................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P4. Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational context. .9
M4. Evaluation of the concept and philosophy of OB that inform and influence behaviour...10
D2. Evaluation of the relevance of team development theories and concepts and philosophies
that influence behaviour............................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour indicates to the area in which examination is organised over
employees performance when they are performing in the organisation. Management group of
each company concentrates on creating positive working environment for the workers where
they can effectively perform their job duties and responsibilities in context of accomplishing set
objectives and goals in set time frame (Graham and et.,al., 2019). This assignment is based on
Tommies Childcare which is which one of the largest childcare and nursery provider in the
Midlands. This firm was established in 1998 and operate its business in individual and family
services industry. This report defines description on the influence of organisational culture,
power and politics on team and individual performance. It will also discuss about several
theories and conceptions by which an organisation can easily encourage people in context of
making improvement their performance. In Addition to it, it also offer effective understanding of
team and group effectively cooperate with one another for accomplishing growth and
development. Further, will explain about application of theories and concepts of organisational
behaviour to deal with critical cooperate situations.
TASK 1
P1. How an organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour
performance
Organisational behaviour is refereed as the examination and study which help in offering
information on how people behave in the organisation during the time of executing their
employment roles and responsibilities in effective manner. To have crucial understanding and
knowledge on this conception business administrator of the firm can easily encourage workers
and improve their execution in efficacious way. Culture, power and politics are three major
components of an organisation that instantly create their impact upon company as well as
workers execution in efficient way (Guzman and Espejo, 2019). In context of Tommies
Childcare, all of these three elements are defined beneath with their impact upon individual
performance.
Culture
It mentions as the beliefs and ideology which is hold by the business firm. It is crucial for
Human resource administrator of each organisation to provide efficacious work place to the
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workforce so that they can perform their duties in effective manner without suffering and
complexities and issues in their upcoming time. In Tommies Childcare, administrator of this
organisation can accurately apply Handy's typology in order to improve their understanding over
several of company's culture so that can efficaciously select on among all for improving effective
culture in working environment. This theory is explained as below:
Role culture- It mentions that the administrator have main power within the company. In
it, they allot work to the employees as per their skills and knowledge so that they can perform in
effective manner (Hafenbrack and et., al., 2019). In Tommies Childcare, by following role, the
administrator can assist in improving the favourable workplace because all the workforce are
getting working as per to their interest. This will assist them in developing workers execution at
at individuals as well as group extent.
Task culture- It refers that the main objective of performing a task and work is resolving
a particular issue and complexity within the firm. This kind of culture help the firm in creating
favourable workplace for workers where there are less or no problems and complexities. In
context of Tommies Childcare, by adopting this culture, the manager of the company can offer
more growth options and chances to workforce so that they can solve issues and problems in
easy manner within the firm. It also offers them chances to make healthy and strong relations
with each other in the company. This finally outcomes in the creation of aggregation feeling
between workforce which instantly contributes in accomplishing long term aims quickly.
Person culture- This type of culture mainly concentrates on developing and increasing
workers performance by offering them work or task as per to specific person skill and ability. It
is majorly considered as the unfavourable type of culture because it mainly focus on
improvement of the individual not entire team. It can be viewed that if the administrator of
Tommies Childcare accepts this kind of culture then they can instantly offers several options to
workers as per organisation's need which basically assist in impacting their behaviour in order to
increase their execution in accurate way. The impact of this culture can be analysed by the
administrator when the people have their own priorities and expectation at first irrespective of
entire group (Hernaus, and Černe, 2019). The provide the negative result in term of creation of
unfavourable working culture in working environment. It makes it hard for the organisation to
accomplish its set aims and objectives in given time period due to ineffective support of the
workers.
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Power culture- This culture has the major power of determination devising which is
offered to few individuals within the company. In context of Tommies Childcare, it can be
analysed that adopting this culture will not be good for the similar organisation because it is not
offer chance to current workforce to define their innovation and development in organisation. In
term of its result, the firm will not be capable to take investment of workforce innovative support
in the company (Huang and Whitson, 2020). It will advised as the unfavourable one for the
organisation because they will not be capable to accomplish quick development and growth with
the efficacious support of the workforce.
According to all over description about different types of culture, it has been concluded
that the role culture is good for Tommies Childcare because it will able to create impact upon
behaviour of the workforce as well as entire group to work collectively and provide their
effective execution within working environment.
Power
It is mentioned as authorization offered to top management within the organisation. It
permits people to take organisational judgement as per to themselves without discussing with
any other. According to the views which is provided by French & Raven, it can be viewed that
there are majorly five forms of power that are accepted by business leaders in diverse situation of
the company. In context of Tommies Childcare, some major types of power that could be
accepted by its administrator are defined as below:
Reward power- This type of power basically offers authorization to senior management
team to offer recognition and rewards to current employees by analysing their performance. It
simply develop the sense of positiveness in the firm as it encourage workers as well as team
which ultimately foster their execution regarding accomplishing higher rewards.
Coercive power- It refers that administrators and leaders of the organisation concentrates
on utilising risk and force in order to impact individual behaviour to execute the specific task or
work. It can be viewed that if this kind of power adopt by Tommies Childcare then it would
minimise thinking ability of current employee and also create unfavourable impact over their
morality (Kim and et., al., 2019). But, at similar time, it might also create complexities for
workers in achieving all task within the provided time period because they are not capable to use
their own set of competencies and abilities cause to forceful pressures of seniors.
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Legitimate power- It is superior type of power which is offered to only few selected
individuals like owner, CEO etc. of the organisation. If this power is used by the company then it
will not permit to any person or group[ to present their views or innovation during the time of
decision making in the firm (Kuenzi, Mayer and Greenbaum, 2019). Implementation of this
respective power in Tommies Childcare will create unfavourable behaviour between workforce
as they are not capable to express their views for organisational development. It will provide
outcomes in term of decrement in the performance of the employees.
Referent power- It is refereed as assumed form of power that is owned by the people who
has certain characteristics that getting attention of others. It might work as the execution booster
power within the organisation which creates impact others to work more effectively in order to
adopt the same post of referent leaders in adequate way. If the workforce of Tommies Childcare
views regarding utilisation of this kind of power then it might has create influence upon the
firm's success and development because its workforce are only concentrating on adopting
position of referent leader in context of achieving organisation's set business objectives and
goals.
Expert power- In this kind of power, major authorization is offered to only those person
who have specialization in specific area or work. It advised as the ferocious type of power which
assist the individual in accomplishing their respective work in fast way because they can
consider the advise of expert for completing their work and task. It might also has create impact
upon individual behaviour as they might have unsecure feeling from expert leader as they are not
getting preference for discussing their own viewpoint during the time of working.
As per the preceding described different powers, it can be viewed that reward power is
best for the leader of respective company because it will support in motivating current employees
with the assistance of monetary as well as non financial advantages.
Politics
It is basically termed as the process in which individuals interacts with each other by
efficiently devising utilisation of their effective power. Politics in the company can be seen in
both favourable and unfavourable ways. It majorly occurs in several conditions like
communication of the workforce with each other, executing work in flexible manner, flexibility
in leaves and others (Lee, Schwarz and Legood, 2019). In these conditions, if the people acts in a
bias way the it is determined as their partial behaviour regarding one another. In Tommies
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Childcare, generation of favourable politics in the company will assist leaders in developing
workforce perform as they works more energetically. Apart form it, if politics generate negative
manner then the performance of the employees negatively affected in term of decline and
decrement. So, workforce might believe on each other that sates their internal relation are very
weak that outcomes generated in term of decrement in performance of workforce.
Accordant to preceding defined information on different types of politics, it can be
analysed that leaders of Tommies Childcare are needed to incorporate favourable politics in
company which make involvement in the betterment of healthy relation between workers with
each other (Love and Kim, 2019). In term of outcome, they will be capable to deliver efficacious
result for the organisation.
M1. Critically explain the influence of organisational components on individual and team
behaviour
The all over analysis of different organisational factor places favourable and
unfavourable impact upon workforce as well as team performance. If the role culture and task
culture are adopted by the organisation then it generates the feeling of encouragement between
workers and group. While, if other kind of culture like power and person are used by the
company then it might influence negatively team and individual behaviour and performance. If it
is viewed about politics, it has been monitored that incorporation of favourable politics in
working environment then it affect team and individual performance in favourable manner
whereas unfavourable politics create conflicts and complexities which negatively affect in term
of decrement in productivity of individuals. Apart form it, reward power, expert and referent
type of powers offers their contribution in workforce empowerment and improving their
execution at group and individual extent (Meisler, Drory and Vigoda-Gadot, 2019). In addition
to it legitimate and coercive power devise negative impact upon individual as they are not
capable to present their innovation and creation for development of the company.
TASK 2
P2. How content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques help in effective
accomplishment of goals
Motivation is described as the efficacious process through which performance of a person
or entire group can be increased in favourable manner. Business administrators as well as leaders
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adopts several motivational concepts in order to enhance productiveness of the workers which
will help in fast accomplishment of aims and objectives (Miller, 2019). In Tommies Childcare,
its Human resource administrator could efficaciously devise utilisation of different motivational
conception that improves the cognition on requirements and demands of the workforce. It
supports leaders in encouraging employees efficiently. Two motivational theory used by HR
manager of Tommies Childcare are defined as under:
ERG motivational theory
This theory was developed by Clayton P. Alderfer. This theory simply minimises five
needs of Maslow's into 3 categories that are Existence, Relatedness and Growth. The concept
affiliates to content theory because it refer necessities and demands of individuals and supports
organisation in meeting them in fast way when they are fulfilled.
Existence needs- It is basically refers to the need of food, water, clothing and shelter. In
Tommies Childcare, the administrator concentrates on encouraging workforce by offering them
financial benefits like bonus, incentives and other to develop their satisfaction extent. This
instantly support them in developing workers execution by fast attainment of organisation's aims
and objectives.
Relatedness needs- It mentions to attainment of social esteem and external requirement
like friends, colleague and family. It can be efficaciously accomplished with recognition of
workforce in unofficial parties in front of all staff members. It directly encourages workers and
assists them accomplishing aims and objectives of the company in set time frame.
Growth needs- It is addressed as the final need of people where the focus is only placed
on developing the standard of their own success and growth. In Tommies Childcare,
administrator of the organisation satisfies these requirements of workers by organising
efficacious training programs for them in context of gr wing them at individual standard (Qiu,
Leavitt and Shapiro, 2019). This instantly develops level of productiveness of workforce in
accurate way as their wants are fulfilled.
Adam's Equity theory
This concept is developed by Sir John Stacy Adams and it basically describes two
principles. The first principle refers that equality is necessary among input and output of the
people and second principle concentrates that each person should feel that they are effectively
and fairly treated in working environment with respective of colleagues. In Tommies Childcare,
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it can be viewed that administrator of the firm should offer both the fiscal and non monetary
advantages to workforce in context of maximising their execution in accurate manner. It
basically consist leaves, incentives, bonus, trainings, certificates and flexibility etc. if the
administration of the firm apply this concept then it assists in encouraging workforce and
forecasting their performance for the stake of quick accomplishment of rewards in efficacious
way (Stewart, Courtright and Manz, 2019). This also support the organisation in achievement of
the aims and objectives of the form in more effective and efficient manner.
M2. Critique on the way in which behaviour is impacted by motivational concepts
According to the description provided on both motivational concepts that is ERG and
Adam's equity theories of motivation. It can be viewed that application of these conceptions in
organisation supports them in favourably affecting workforce behaviour. ERG theory of
motivation is good and supportive to provide satisfaction to individuals requirements that
instantly develops their execution as well as productiveness in accurate way. Apart from this, it
can be viewed that if the organisation is bot capable to satisfy necessities of these individuals
then it world not easy for them to motivate employees or develop their performance.
D1. Critique of relation between culture, politics, power and motivation which help team and
organizational success
Different forms of culture, power and politics which are implemented by the
administrators to assists business association in developing workers execution in accurate way.
Apart from it, it can be viewed that if the organisation devise utilisation of any infective factors
belonging to these then it can affect the productivity of the company (Zhang, Xie and Stanley,
2019). By analysing all this, it is suggested to accept only favourable kinds of components that
support in encouraging individual in effective way. It will help in developing the employees
performance in an efficacious way that will assist the workforce in accomplishing their
respective aims and objective in accurate way.
TASK 3
P3. Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Team indicates to a group and unit of people who are collaboratively work with each
other in order to accomplish specific objective. Basically, there are two types of team effective
and ineffective team. In context of organisation both are defined as beneath:
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Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Meaning It is defined as the team of the
people who have accurate
knowledge and information
about aims, objectives and
vision. These kind of team
members have good
coordination and collaboration
in regarding working and
performing.
These kind of group basically
termed as unit of people who
works in common group but
does not have effective
guidance or clear information
about their task aims and
objectives (Graham and et.,al.,
2019).
Underlying goals In effective team aims and
objectives are properly
described to all team members
so that they assure that they
are accomplished in fast way.
In ineffective team, goals are
not explained effectively to the
the team individual so it create
confusion between team
members. So they are not
accomplish task objective on
time.
Decision making Within effective team, group
member have equal
opportunity to provide their
ideas and views in
determination devising
activity. It help the
organisation in accomplish its
aims and goals in set time
frame.
In it, group members does not
show their interest in decision
making activity so there is no
creation generate or take place
with the firm (Guzman and
Espejo, 2019).
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M1. Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of the
company
Business leaders of Tommies Childcare devise utilization of Tuckman's team
development concept in context of develop efficacious dynamic cooperation within workers.
With the use of this conception, the leader can ferociously formulate good team and group which
support in accomplishing the designed aims and objective so the company in effective manner.
This theory of team development consist 5 stages which are described as beneath:
Forming- It is the first phase within which administrator of the respective company
provide information all team member with one another (Hafenbrack and et., al., 2019). The team
leader also introduce them about their major motive which is needed to be accomplished by them
by making efficacious coordination.
Storming- In this stage, team members are informed with each other's strength and
weaknesses. According to it, the administrator of Tommies Childcare assigns work to each
individual of the team in efficacious way which assures that they will do work in accurate way.
Norming- In this phase, complexities and conflicts may arise in the firm due to diverse
interest. Within it, all of team members collectively discussing on identifying best possible
outcome of improving their execution in appropriate way.
Performing- At this stage, group individuals perform their work and task on the basis of
assignment of the task so that they can properly accomplish their specific aims and objectives.
Adjourning- It is the final phase of this theory in which entire team dissolves when after
accomplishing the set objectives of their work and task. If the task does not complete in effective
manner then the process starts again form its first phase.
TASK 4
P4. Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational context
Organisational behaviour is concern with those administrating and handling individual
behaviour and their execution regarding the achievement of aims and objectives of the company
in accurate manner. Moreover, for accomplishing the same, the role of manager and leader is
regarded as one of the complex factor as their behaviour and attitude create instant affect upon
the workforce execution in favourable and unfavourable manner (Hernaus, and Černe, 2019). So
implementation of effective concepts and philosophies assist the company to create a healthy
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working culture. In context of it, Path goal theory has been considered by Tommies Childcare in
the situation of making expansion in its business at that location where it is not operating. So the
description of this theory is as below:
Path Goal Theory
This conception has been given by Robert House which is entirely based on the
application of leadership style in diverse business condition.
Classification of Path Goal theory
This concept is categorised in to three main determinants which are defined as beneath:
Employee characteristics- It is affiliated to those components which indicates that each
and every employees are differ from one another in term of knowledge, skills and abilities. So,
the behaviour of leaders create major impact upon the workforce execution in context of
accomplishment of aims and objectives (Huang and Whitson, 2020). In Tommies Childcare,
leader take an initiative in acknowledging personnel capabilities or interest which are based upon
roles and responsibilities in order to develop productivity ratio.
Task and environment characteristics- It refers that workplace which has huge impact
on employees contribution for an attainment of organisation's aims in specific time frame. In
Tommies Childcare, leader make an effort to offer numerous options to make expansion in its
business and its employees to help them to attain effective level of employee engagement and
encouragement regarding the brand in better manner.
Leadership behaviour- It describes leadership style which has to be accepted by specific leader
to give effective solution to critical conditions. There are some of leadership styles like
autocratic, democratic, participative, lazzes-leadershipfaire etc. Within these leadership style,
each of these style varies from each other and help the company to create effective working
culture without any issue.
As per Tommies Childcare that the management of the company want to make expansion
in the business of the company in term of another geographic region. In this situation, the
management of the company can select democratic leadership style because within which the
leader can provide change to make participation in decision making process so that workforce of
the company can share their ideas and views in context of the business expansion topic (Kim and
et., al., 2019). So that the effective decision can be considered which can be good for the growth
and success of the organisation.
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