Organisational Behaviour Report: Aston Martin - Culture, Motivation

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, using Aston Martin as a case study. It explores the influence of organisational culture, politics, and power on individuals and teams, examining Handy's culture theory and French and Raven's power model. The report delves into content and process theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory, and discusses motivational techniques. Furthermore, it differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, highlighting the importance of team dynamics. The report concludes by exploring various concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour, providing a well-rounded understanding of the subject matter. The report covers various aspects such as power culture, role culture, task culture, and person culture. Moreover, organisational power and politics are also discussed in the report. Furthermore, content theory and process theory for motivation are also explained in the report.

Organisational behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Task 1...............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team.............................1
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques.............................4
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................6
P3 Effective team as opposed to ineffective team.......................................................................6
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour........................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour refers as thoughts, perception, philosophies and nature of
individual as well as team who are working within organisation for the purpose of running their
firm continuously (Diaz-Flores and et. al., 2016). Every organisation should behave good with
employees that helps to understand the need of organisation and can complete with the help of
effective team. Effective team helps employers to work with integrity and conspicuously in
order to attain business objectives. To understand this concept of philosophies of organisation
behaviour Aston Martin is chosen that is manufacturer of sports cars and tourers. Different topics
are covered in this report such as culture of business organisation, politics and power which
influences individual and team, motivational theory that involves content and process, effective
and ineffective team that helps to understand expectation of firm and meet with them
efficaciously. Moreover, Concept and philosophies of organisation behaviour which helps to
attain business goals.
Task 1
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team
Organisation culture is consider as set of understanding which is share members of a
community. It contains basic values, ideas, preference, concept of morality, code of conduct and
concept of morality etc. It helps to accept the new challenges and changes within organisation in
order to accomplish business goals. The culture is a shared thing or values which passed on from
generation to generation (Totterdill and Exton, 2017). Handy's culture theory is used by Aston
Marting which affects the individual and team behaviour such as:
Power culture - It reflect that power is holding by few person within organisation, who
only make decision in order to attain business goals. Power culture includes few rules and
regulation which is used to influence individual and others. In context to Aston Martin,
management are focusing on power culture that helps to deal with dynamic environment. It
influence individual and team behaviour and performance such as both are working with
disciplines and accept the new challenges with the help of power culture. Thus, this culture
influence the individual and team performance by maintaining disciplines. This is strong culture
which helps to influence other and make feel hem good (Oyewobi and et. al., 2016).
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Role Culture – Business organisation with role culture are based on role culture where is
high controllable and prominent. This culture state the role and responsibility of each employees
which helps to perform the task efficaciously. It helps people to determine their position within
organisation culture. In context to Aston Martin, manager of business organisation decide the
role and responsibility of employees which helps to complete the task effectively. Manager
delegate the role of employees according to their qualification and skills which helps to attain the
business goals. It influences the individual and team behaviour such as employees get job
security through this culture, in which they perform well and complete their tasks. The team of
such organisation exist in same department due to this role which helps to perform business
activities well in stable environment.
Task culture: This culture is mainly related with task which is formed to address the
specific issues and projects. It helps to increase the productivity of organisation by assigning task
a between employees (Hearps, 2017). Task delegation is important thing, so power of team
depends on the mix team members and status problem which helps to accomplishing the task. In
context to Aston Martin, this culture influence the individual and team behaviour such as mix of
skills, leadership, personalities and creativity of individual work as a team which helps to attain
the business goals. Moreover, individual and team of organisation become more skilled and
experienced with limited resources. Team work in such culture is good as they all work with
coordination and complete the task.
Person culture: This culture reflects the power of employees who believes themselves to
senior of the organisation and work accordingly. In this culture, the business people who are of
similar skills perform their task efficiently (Mäthner and Lanwehr, 2017). In context to Aston
Martin, Employees are understanding themselves as a superior which helps to meet with self
actualisation. Team work is generally work for process of organisation and there is less
interaction or engagement with regarding to completing task timely. In this culture, organisation
perform well as employees are skilled in their area and maintain the productivity.
Therefore, Aston Marting is following the Task culture in which they perform well by7
assigning the task among people. This culture influences team and individual by delegating task
according to skills which helps to solve the particular problems. Team of organisation can
develop own objectives and assigning the task.
Organisational Power:
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Power is refers as ability which helps to complete the things done according to one's
perspective by getting by any other. It is beneficial for business industry where tasks are assigned
in to different employees and influence them to to those task (Adegbite and et. al., 2018). In
context to Aston Martin, managers are using French and Raven's power model that defines
power exist in organisation which impacts on leadership that are as determined:
Legitimate: Under this, the power comes from beliefs and values that a person has, it help to
control over people and perform well. In regard of Aston Martin, managers are using legitimate
power by giving rewards and punishment to employees which impacts positively such as
employees and team feel good and make efforts to work well.
Coercive: This power reflects those power in which employer punish and put non compliance
for the purpose of competing works. Threats and punishment are uses by organisation to get
work done from employees (Schumann and Oppel, 2017)). This power impacts negatively such
as employees of Aston Martin feels fear for job security, loss of pay, deductions, firing and
compensation which creates conflicts between employees and they do not work properly.
Reward: This is influencing power which is used to motivate the people by rewarding and
providing advantages which helps to work properly. This power impacts positively on Aston
Marting as it helps to increase the productivity and profitability by inspiring the employees.
Moreover, it influences individual and team behaviour to perform more well in order to increase
more profits.
Expert: This power comes from knowledge which are having to experts, by understanding the
other superior and skills enhancement. It helps to define the behaviour of others that impacts
positively on business organisation (Plakhtiy, 2017). For instance, employees of Aston Martin
uses expert power by observing the people which helps to increase the skills which helps to
accept the challenges and increase business performances.
Referent: This power comes from individual's perceived attractiveness, worthiness and rights to
others which impacts positively on business organisation and employees who are working at
workplace. Under this power, managers of business organisation give respect to employees, team
and provide solution of their problems which helps to attain the business goals effectively.
Moreover, this involves personal characteristics, personality and charismatic which helps to
attain the business goals.
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Organisational politics:
Organisational politics are related with informal and unofficial scenes which can be used
to increase power, sale thoughts and influence employees to attain the business objectives. This
politics is formulated by management in order to make smooth work activities which influences
team and individual behaviour so they work properly and accomplish the business goals. In
context to Aston Martin, politics affect the atmosphere negative which helps to reduce the
production level. This politics affects behaviour of individual and team such as:
Reduce in production level: The politics of Aston Martin affect negatively such as
employees and employer do not share information which each other, resulting low productivity
and profitability. Difficult policies are formulated by manager which become hard to follow by
followers.
Increase the stress level of staff: Having politics in Aston Martin can create felling of
jealously between employees and team member which creates stress in work environment and
organisation cannot meet with their decided goals.
Task 2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
Motivation is said to a psychological process that is used to inspire the employees
towards organisational goals and objectives. In other words, it is the way of attracting people
towards themselves and encourages to complete the task optimally. In context to, Aston Martin,
motivation is getting by employees in the form of bonus, incentives, job security and others
which attracts people to complete their as well as organisational goals. Content and process
theory is using by Aston Martin which motivate the employees such as:
Content theory: This theory focus only needs and wants of people that are used in
satisfying the people. This involves Maslow's motivation theory, McGregor's theory and ERG.
Some of them are used by respective company:
Maslow's motivational theory:
Physiological needs: In this theory basic needs of employees are consisted such as air,
water, food, shelter and sleep which are essential to live. In context to Aston Martin,
management of such organisation focus on needs of people and provide all basis needs which
helps to motivate them effectively.
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Safety and security needs: It consist job security, income, space to live and health and
safety needs which are important after completing basic needs. The managers of Aston Marting
focus on employee's needs and assure them for job secure and good health which motivates
employees and accomplish business goals.
Social needs: Such needs are related to self belongings and respects which expects by
employees as they are working within organisation. In context to Aston Martin, managers give
respect and share information with employees by understanding the part of community that
motivates employees and attain business goals.
Self-esteem needs: In this, people get motivation if they feel self respect within
organisation. In context to Aston Martin, management feel that employees are the part of
organisation and introduce in front of all as respectfully which motivates them efficaciously.
Moreover, they honours, rewards and give extra benefits to employees which helps to attain the
business goals.
Self-actualisation needs: This need is related with self actualisation where employees of
Aston Martin get motivation by getting growth opportunities, growth desires, confidence and
characteristics which helps to attain long term goals.
Process theory: This theory is mainly used to motivate the people or employees who are
working within organisation. This consider as idea generation which helps to motivate people in
order to work properly. Aston Martin is using content theory to motivate the people that are as
defined:
Herzberg's motivational theory: This theory is known as two factor theory that motivates
employees in order to attain business goals. It consist Hygiene and motivational factor which are
using by management of Aston Martin to motivate the employees by completing targets such as:
This is also known as two factor theory which can motivate employees in order to enable
business goals. It involves Hygiene and motivational factors that helps Ocado's employees to
complete targets such as:
Hygiene factor: This factor involve job factors by considering policies, procedures,
relationships and supervision with co workers which helps to motivate the employees and attain
the long term business goals. In absence of this factor employees do not feel good also it does
not refer positive satisfaction. For instance, Aston Martin's management focusing on such factor
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and provide appropriate pay, flexible policies, interpersonal relationship and fringe benefits
which helps to motivate employees and get work done effectively.
Motivational factor: This factor is related with positive satisfaction which employees
expects from business organisation for their working activities. It involves, promotion,
responsibilities, authority etc. which inspire employees to work more efficaciously. For instance,
management of Aston Martin analysis the employee's performance and provide them
promotional opportunities which motivates them. Moreover, employees under this factor become
responsible for their work which helps to reduce the stress level of employees and retain then for
long period.
Therefore, both content and process theory of motivation are using by Aston Martin to
motivate its employees by giving benefits, work responsibilities and giving promotions which
helps perform business task effectively and increase the organisational productivity with the help
of employees.
Task 3
P3 Effective team as opposed to ineffective team
Team is said when number of people come together and working collectively for the
purpose of accomplishing business objectives. It is the sum of individual who understand the
needs of organisation and give efforts to achieve them. It is important for business organisation
to develop a effective or good team that can work with flexibility and integrity in order to
complete the targets (Obholzer, 2018). For instance, Aston Marin have skilled and team worker
who are playing important role for completing targets and achieve business goals. Team of
business industry are divided in to two team such as effective and ineffective team. The
difference between effective and ineffective team are as defined:
The Aston Martin is using Belbin Typology to make the effective team which helps to attain
the business goals that are as defined:
Basis of difference Effective team Ineffective team
Plant This team generates new proposals
in order to solve complex problems
which arises in Aston Martin.
This team does not generate new
proposals which make difficult to
solve problems.
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Resource
Investigator
They are good in exploring and
backing on ideas, resources and
development which helps attain the
business goals.
In this, team are not focusing on
exploration of ideas that creates
conflicts among people due to
pressure.
Co – ordinator This characteristics helps team to
deal with their colleagues and
juniors which helps to tackle
problems calmly.
This team is not able to deal with
their colleagues and manipulate the
work which reduces business
performance of organisation.
Shaper This team are highly motivated with
less nervous and challenges that
helps to accept the challenges
effectively.
This team does not motivate the
people and creates political
complications which creates
problems for organisation.
Team Worker In this team individual people works
as a team and support others to work
with flexibility and integrity.
In this team people works as apart
of team which reduces productivity
of business industry.
Action oriented goals -
Completer Finisher – Such team involves those people in Aston Martin who see that
projects are completed thoroughly without making any errors and omission. This team pay
attention on smallest thing and detain of work activities which helps to complete timely.
Implementer – This means those people who get things done timely and accurately.
Such as team of Aston Martin turn their ideas in to practical actions systematically which helps
to organise the work efficiently (Watson and et. al., 2016).
People oriented goals -
Resource investigator – This team refers as curious and innovative which can help
Aston Martin to identify and work with external stakeholders in order to accomplish the business
objectives.
Team worker – This team involves those person who supports and make sure that people
are working efficiently. In context to Aston Martin, team members are flexible, diplomatic and
perceptive that helps to complete the task within specified period.
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Thought oriented goals -
Plant – This type of plant comes with new ideas in market which helps to innovate
something new and attracts people. Such as the team of Aston Martin are having this speciality
in which they come in market with new ideas. But it has criticism to deal with difficulties
because there may be poor communication.
Monitor Evaluator – This type of team are best for business organisation such as team
of Aston martin can evaluate the ideas and innovative thoughts which is taken by other people
that helps to make right decisions.
Task 4
P4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour
Organisation behaviour is said to a behaviour of people, individual and team who
understand the goal of organisation and make efforts to accomplish them. It is important to know
that how people are behaving in organisation and how they accept the challenges within
organisation (Halliwell, 2017). In other words it helps to study about human nature and team
behaviour. Employees are integral part of organisation who helps attain the organisational long
term and short term goals. Different types of concepts and philosophies are used by Aston Martin
management to develop the good behaviour of organisation and motivate its employees.
The team of Aston Martin are facing a conflicts that is unclear responsibility due to
which team members are not working well and not producing products. The management and
leaders are not defining the role and responsibilities of employees which are creating conflicts
within industry. To resolve such conflicts management are using Path goal theory that are as
defined:
Concepts of organisational behaviour:
Path goal theory: This theory is rely on style of leadership and leader's beghaviour who
understand the problems of employees and make efforts to resolve them effectively. Such as the
Aston martin is facing conflicts issue between employees due to unclear responsibility. This
theory is fits to resolve the conflicts in work environment and helps to accomplish the business
goals. It involves different leader's style such as:
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Directive: This reveals leaders of Aston Martin need to know the expects which they are
expecting from organisation and tells how to perform task or defined roles. In this leaders givce
direction to work properly and impacts positively by satisfying the staff which helps to resolve
conflicts.
Achievements: In this leaders of Aston Martin define the challenging goals for
employees and keep expectation to perform well in order to meet with goals.
Participative: By following this style employers of Aston Martin consult with
employees for every information and get suggestions to make any decisions.
Supportive: In this, leaders support the Aston Martin's employees to work with integrity
by satisfying their needs and wants which helps to accomplish business goals.
The employees of Aston Martin are having different characteristics that are as defined:
Employees Characteristics -
Experience - The employees of Aston Martin are highly experienced in auto mobile
sector who helps to accept the challenges in order to develop the new products and face
difficulties.
Ability - The employees of Aston Martin are able to accept the new technology in their
business which helps to attracts the people and increase productivity.
Locus of control - This characteristics of employees states that they focus on
organisation's targets and they try to accomplish them effectively (Casey, 2016).
The leaders and management of Aston Martin focus motivates the employees by focusing on:
 Define Goal - In this goals of organisation are defined by leaders of Aston Martin which
helps to know the what employees need to do. In other words, it state clear role and
responsibility of employee which helps to reduce the conflicts.
 Clarify Path - This refers as leader of organisation should define the path in order to
complete the task or assigned goals. Such as leaders of Aston Martin state to employees
how they can work and shows a clear path (Collette and et. al., 2017).
 Remove Obstacles - In this problems which are facing by team or employees should be
remove which helps to go ahead. Such as management and leader understand the
problems of employees while running business activities and make efforts to remove
them.
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