Organisational Behaviour Report: Barclays PLC, Unit 12 Analysis

This report offers a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the influence of culture, power, and politics on individual and team performance within Barclays PLC. It delves into various motivational theories, including content and process theories such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and Vroom's expectancy theory, evaluating their practical applications. Furthermore, the report examines the key factors that distinguish effective teams from ineffective ones, providing insights into team dynamics and management strategies. Finally, it explores different organisational behaviour philosophies and concepts, offering a holistic understanding of workplace dynamics and strategies for enhancing employee productivity and satisfaction. The report aims to provide a critical understanding of organisational behaviour principles, offering practical insights for business management and leadership.

UNIT 12
Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Influence of organisational culture, power and politics on individual along with team
performance............................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
P2 Analysis and evaluation of content and process theories of motivation ........................6
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P3) Demonstrate an understanding in order to makes an effective team as opposed to an
ineffective team....................................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
P4 Organisational behaviour philosophies and concepts.....................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................17
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................18

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is the performance, activities, nature and culture of the
organisation human resources along with the environment of company, which highly influence
the success of company and employees productivity (Bucher, 2018). So for the achievement of
company objectives they have to effectively use their organisation behavioural management
system in order to study, asses, guide and evaluate their employee's behaviour for selective
improvement in terms of performance and productivity. For that purpose company have to focus
and manage their leadership, motivation, power and work accomplishment strategy's.
BARCLAYS plc is British multinational company providing investment bank and financial
services to their customers. Along with the investment banking Barclays is running four
important businesses, personal banking, corporate banking, investment management and wealth
management. Headquartered in London, England. This report is including analysis of power,
culture and politics influence on employee's behaviour and performance along with the
evaluation of different type of motivational theory's and its application effect on achievement of
organisation goal . Study of factors which make the difference between effective and ineffective
team ( Malik, Javed, and Hassan, 2017). There is the consideration and application of the
different organisation behaviour philosophy in context to the company.
TASK 1
P1 Influence of organisational culture, power and politics on individual along with team
performance
Power is the important element of the management, which help to make decision and take
action in different situation and function of the organisation (Dubey, and et. al., 2019). Culture
is the environment of work place crated by the type of task and power under which group is
working. Politics is the self supportive and discriminative behaviour of the company and their
human resources and this has to be less as it can create negative environment and conflict with in
the company. In this way each of this element influence performance and productivity of
employee's.
Influence of power on team and individual

Power is the essential factor of the organisation which give rights to individual according
to their positions ans skills for ruling and guiding the employees along with this it involves the
right of individual authorities for other decision making and action taking activities. Organisation
functions are divided into different groups and its management authority is given to team leader
of the each group with some power. There is the brief expatiation of type of the power and
individuals to which this power is authorise.
Coercive power- This power is the involving the strict actions of the authority for
performance management such as, person with this power can use both motivation and
punishment or fear in order to get task done with in the time at right way. So this effect
performance of employee's in both negative and positive terms with fear employee's can do two
things either they can leave their job or they can increase their performance. BARCLAYS this
power is given to senior manger and CEO who give command to team.
Reward power- This involves the power of individual through which, person can make
the reword and motivation decision and use their rights for employees encouragement by
offering different reward's according to performance of the workers. BARCLAYS, managing
directors and leader use this power for taking the reward decision for their staff.
Legitimate power- This is the kind of power which give the position to individual with
some power of organisation. Such as in BARCLAYS this power is given to the experience
employee's who can lead their subordinate with leading power and their experience knowledge.
Referent power- This power is can not be given to any one this is achieve by the
position and effective performance (Kanfer, Frese, and Johnson 2017). Such as in BARCLAYS
leader posses this power, due to which their subordinate prefer their leader for every solution.
Expert power- This power is involving the individuals power to involve in big situation
and solve it with their expert skills. In context to selected organisation this power is given to the
departmental experts of the company.
Informal power- This is the type of power which is earn by the individual within the
organisation by efforts and performance, so that persona can be use by their colleagues as leader
for specific information and guidelines.
Influence of Culture team and individual

culture is the most important part of the organisation and it effect the organisation value,
success along with employees performance by changing and influencing the behaviour of
employee's. There are some types of culture which is given explain Handy's four classes of
culture and this can be use by the organisation in prospect to their business type, operational
system purpose ( Davis, 2017).
Power culture: In this type of culture team is control by the centre authority and it rule
by the few powerful mangers. There is few rules for employee's, some authorities with the power
make every decision.
Role culture: In this type of culture departments are clearly divided with highly defined
structure and authority. Power is equally divided on the basis of position.
Task culture: This type of culture is useful for the metric organisation or it can be use in
the particular task activity. In this type culture specific team is develop with some expertise in
order to solve particular problem.
Person culture: In this type of culture organisation is full of the peoples who believe to
be important for company and superior. Such as in the company which work for the single
business objective and have the employees with similar training and expert knowledge.
BARCLAYS use innovative culture in their organisation with the combination of role,
task and person culture. Flat and corporate work-culture for progressive performance of staff by
supporting in every step (Khan, Khan, and Zakir, 2017).
Influence of politics team and individual
Politics negatively influence the organisation behavioural and employee's performance,
because it create rumours and conflict between the employee's. BARCLAYS use strategical
management techniques in order to prevent the politics in organisation. There are some effect of
politics explain below.
Decrease in the productivity- Politics is crate by the inappropriate management by
discriminative support of the leaders and manager. Company oriented behaviour of leader can
also cause this situation and due to this workers mind move from work towards the controversies
and reumers along with the development of conflict.

Change in attitude of employee- It change the behaviour of employee's for organisation
and their leader. It also effect the performance by reducing the individual interest from the job
role (Schyns, Kiefer, and Foti, 2020).
TASK 2
P2 Analysis and evaluation of content and process theories of motivation
For every business organisation implementation of motivation theory is important in
order to motivate their employee's for constant best efforts and long time retain in the
organisation by job satisfaction. Motivation is the important part of the organisation behavioural
management, as motivation is the person level of interest, power, efforts and feeling of self
satisfaction by the aid of task and goal accomplishment (Swain, Kumlien, and Bond, 2020).
Organisation can use the different motivation theory as tool of instruction to encourage and
motivate their employees. There are the two groups of motivation theory content and process
theory explain below.
Content theory- According to content theory people motivate by the influence of some content
such as personal needs and its satisfaction. There is the explanation of the type of the content
theory in context to the selected organisation.
Maslow's theory of motivation: This is the type of content theory given by the
Maslow's. On the basis of this theory needs of the individual from its lower level of herarcy
should be satisfy in order to encourage them for the higher goal achievement. According to this
theory people get motivated for the work and hard efforts by the influence their needs and
satisfaction it start from their basic needs and encourage them step by step, if achieve well at
initial stage either with own strength and goal achievement (Farhan, 2018). So the important
factor is that individual should be offer with their goal reward's in exchange of their hard efforts
so that, they can step forward for further goal achievement through their performance.
BARCLAYS use this theory in for their employee's motivation. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is
divided into five stages given below.

Physiological needs: People needs start from the basic survival needs such as the food,
water, place to live, clothing, shelter and so on. For fulfilment of these needs people do their job
and other work so that they can get the money or salary in order to meet their needs, this salary
work as satisfaction and the it further influence to achieve next level. BARCLAYS provide the
good salary package with effective Incentive offers (Alcaide-Muñoz, and Gutierrez-Gutierrez,
2017).
Safety needs: This is the second level Hierarchy, where people try to give their more
efforts in order to satisfy their safety needs such as the employment security, financial stability,
health care safety, home security. BARCLAYS provide best offers for their this safety need
satisfaction such as they provide employment security, health care policy's.
love and belonging needs: Once the people get success in second level then they start
giving priority to their personal needs of love and belongingness. For which they want time to
enjoy their life with family and want to increase their family. Organisation play role in this level
of satisfaction by their time scheduling and holiday vacation. Selected organisation is giving the
best holiday vacation to their staff.
Self esteem: This is the fourth level of the needs which come in the mind of people after
the satisfaction of above three level. In this stage individual focus on the way to satisfy their self
esteem needs, such as aim to become the social personality along with the social recognition.
BARCLAYS satisfy their employees needs by giving them financial stability and social status,
through their promotion activities.
Self actualisation: This is the stage where people can achieve every thing with their
potential. In this level people can help others to fulfil their basic needs. BARCLAYS giving the

opportunities to their employees to become self actualise by their motivation, training and
growth in the banking sector (Raley, and et. al., 2017).
Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation: According to this motivational theory
there are the two group of the factors, which should be manage with in the organisation
effectively in order to keep their employees motivated.
Hygiene factor: Job dissatisfaction is cause by hygiene factor so it is important to
improve this factor in order to reduce the job dissatisfaction. BARCLAYS manage this by
positive relationship management and salary satisfaction .
Motivation factor: Job satisfaction is influence by the motivating factors such as
recognition,rewords and achievement. So improve motivation factors increase the job
satisfaction. Selected company influencing rewards and Incentives.
Process theory- This theory sate that behaviour of the individual is can de initiated by some
mechanism and process. Through which person can select the target and make effort to complete
that.

Vroom expectancy theory: On the basis of this theory individuals is can be motivated to
perform well by the aid of some encouragement and reword process. It sate that people is can be
motivated for goal achievement, by helping them to set their goals and expectancy, then by
showing them way to achieve the objectives and them finally by giving the value to their
performance and goals, through reward's motivation process is compete.
Expectancy: This is the primary process in which leader have to help their employees for
goal sating with personal expatiation. Where leader have to guide that if they will work hard then
they can achieve the success in their live.
Instrumentality: Then next process is to show them way of the achievement, that how
they have to perform for achievement of their goals. Such as leader have to guide for the good
performance through which employee can reach the success in their objectives.
Values: This is the final process of the motivation where company have to provide their
reword, for which employees have work hard. As this will give the final satisfaction and develop
trust in organisation process of encouragement (Helfrich, 2017).

TASK 3
P3) Demonstrate an understanding in order to makes an effective team as opposed to an
ineffective team.
Effective team-: It includes various teams in group in order to working together due to
focusing organisation goal and objectives. It includes effective teams which refers to work
effectively and efficiently in order to perform business function properly. It involves
organisation utilised various tool and techniques such as strong belief and developing faith
between the employees. It involves all the employees are work for specified objectives and
targets (Maheshwari, V. and et. al., 2017).
Characteristic of effective team:
Clarity of goals-: It includes effective team members set the specified goal and objectives
in order to increasing performance and effectively achieving organisation goal and objectives.
Trust-: It considered as faith and trust between the team members in order to working
together as well as performing business function effectively and efficiently.
Risk takers-: It includes effective team members which are effectively managing risk due
to achieving organisation goal and objectives.
Factors of effective teams: It involves various factors which are utilised by effective teams so
discussed below.
Leadership-: It is tool and techniques in order to effectively managing as well as
providing guidance and training employees in order to effectively performing business functions.
Clarity of roles & responsibilities-: In context of effective team, it is process which refers to
managers specify their role and responsibilities in order to performing properly.
Learning and development-: It is process which refers to organisation manager
effectively trained their team members in order to enhancing their skill and ability.
Specified objectives-: Effective teams members dedicated towards the work as well as
focusing on goals and objectives. It includes team members work properly which refers to
enhancing profitability and productivity of company.
Ineffective teams-: Ineffective teams is process in order to not set the objectives and goals
effectively and efficiently (Farrukh, and et. al., 2018).
Characteristic of ineffective team:

It involves ineffective teams refers to not posses and specific achieving goals and
objectives which are mentioned below.
Lack of trust-: It includes all the team members are not worked together as well as not
trust to each other.
Lack of communication-: It involves ineffective team members are not properly
communicate to each other so have more confusion and conflict between them.
Lack of individual commitment-: It is process which refers to ineffective team members
are not commitment towards the goal and objectives. It includes face difficulties in order to
assigned the roles and responsibilities of team members.
Factors of ineffective team-: It considered as various factors of ineffective team which are
impact on business performance as well as goal and objectives so discussed below.
Lack of camaraderie-: This kinds of team members are work single and not as part of
teams in order to utilised their own power which directly impact on business performance and
profitability.
Ineffective interaction-: It includes all the team members are not properly communicate
to each other in order to not interact them so lead conflict and confusion between them.
Poor time management-: It considered as ineffective team members are not properly
utilised their time and impact on business functions. It includes they are not managing work and
task effectively which refers to increasing confusion and conflict.
Comparison between effective and ineffective team members:
Dimensions Effective teams Ineffective teams
Objectives It includes focused on work
and specified goal and
objectives.
Ineffective teams are not
focused towards work.
Management It effectively managing
business activity and
functions.
It is not considered
management in business
activity and functions.
Roles and responsibility It includes all the members
specified their roles and
responsibilities in order to
It includes they are not specific
towards the roles and
responsibilities.

effectively performing
business functions.
Commination It includes effectively
communicate and smoothly
run the business operations
(Perreira, Berta, and Herbert,
2018).
Not properly communicate
which leads to confusion and
conflict.
Belbin theory-: It is theory which are developed by Dr. Meredith Belbin in order to all
the team members is not collect all the team members together but collect the individual in order
to each and single person play effective and efficient role and other members to know about their
roles and responsibilities. It includes each members to know about their roles as well as aware
about the strength and weaknesses in order to effectively performing business functions. It
considered as this theory which refers to identified nine different team role in order to
categorized three groups such as action oriented, people oriented and thought oriented. Each and
every one plays vital role in order to effectively performing so discussed the role of Belbin.
Team worker-: It includes team workers refers to each and every members have
responsibilities and roles in order to managing the situation and work effectively. It is essential
for each and every member perform properly business activity and achieving goal and objectives.
It is process which refers to all the team members are assigned their task, activity, duties and
responsibilities.
Coordinator-: It includes all the team members coordinating and collaborating work
effectively and efficiently in order to motivating all the group members. It is process which
refers to all the team members work effectively in order to support to each other. It includes
confident, calm and hard worker in order to fulfil organisation goal and objectives. It involves
team coordinator assigned the task and activities to their team members in order to performed
properly business functions.
Expertise-: It includes they have great knowledge and skill in order to providing
guidance to all the team members. It is process which refers to expert are helpful in order to
achieving organisation goal and objectives. It includes they are providing direction of employees
and path because enhancing profitability.

Implementer-: It includes implementer help in order to implementing ideas, task,
decision and strategies due to achieving organisation goal and objectives in effective manner.
Tuckmans team development theory
It includes various situation and circumstances so utilised this theory:
Forming-: It is first stage which refers to forming in order to developing relationship
with employees in order to effectively performing business operations. In context of Barclays, it
is essential to effectively developing team members.
Storming-: It includes team members effectively interacting as well as assigned the roles
and responsibilities in order to achieving goal and objectives.
Norming-: It considered as all the team members coordinating and collaborating work
together in order to minimizing conflict.
Performing-: It is stage which refers to Barclays employees performing effectively in
order to enhancing profitability.
Adjourning-: It is last stage in order to finally attained the business goal and objectives
(Buranakul, and et. al., 2017).
TASK 4
P4 Organisational behaviour philosophies and concepts
There are the various concepts and philosophies for organisation behavioural
management but one of most effective theory is Path Goal theory and it is applicable in the
different situation of business. Discuss below with the brief and in context to selected
organisation BARCLAYS use path goal theory because they know that in business situational
can change any time and for the style has to be manage according to that ( Donmez-Turan, and
Kiliclar, 2021).

Path goal theory
According to the this philosophy or concept of the organisation behaviour leader style or
behaviour should be selected on the basis of their employee's skills and nature, as their behaviour
is depend on their own ability's. Employee's understand their leader on the basis of their skills
and thinking so its leader who has to select the appropriate leadership style by analysing their
subordinates. So before the selection of leadership style leader has to analyse the different
situations such as the Characteristics of followers, Characteristics of work situation, Goals
achievement.

Properties of subordinate- Leader has to consider their subordinate skills, so that it
become easy to allot the the right task role to right person, in order to get the task achievement
in effective way. On the basis of employee's skill it become easy for the leader to chose
influencing leadership techniques. Knowledge and experience workers is another important
factor which should be consider before the planning for team leading in different activity's,
because this helps in the effective team strategical organisation for work processing. Where the
worker are allotted to each task according to their experience. Its leader responsibility to analyse
the needs of subordinates with in organization such as task performing facility's, hygiene factor
etc. in order to get work done with in the time. It is important to understand the Personality of
subordinate, as this helps in the proper communication and guidance of the workers.
BARCLAYS for their leadership style selection and team work distribution, they give priority to
analysis of subordinate skills and ability's (Sarand, Barzoki, and Teimouri, 2019).
Properties of work situation- Organisation task situation such as structure of the work
and work-group impact the leadership behaviour. level of the task effect the leadership style as
if it is low or high it develop the need of different strategy's, according to which leadership style
is selected. Level of the responsibilities is also effect the leader behaviour. type of authority, and
nature of the team effect the leadership techniques in different terms. Such as leader have to be
supportive in new product development task because it create the higher responsibilities for
leader and team.
Leadership style- This part of the leadership style is given by the path goal theory which
is having the four different leadership style and that has to be selected by leader on the basis of
different situation of the business. Main factor which has to be analyse before the selection of the
situational style is already discuss above such as objective of the organisation goal, work load
level and nature of the employee's. Situational leadership styles are explain below.
Directive- This leadership style is use in the situation where employees have to follow
the instruction by their own with out any support. Leader have to give higher direction and less
support. Responsibility's are distributed by the leader to their subordinates and they have to
follow this with out any support.
Supportive- This type of leadership style is use by the leader in the situation of higher
support requirement. Where leader have to support their team with less directive and higher

supportive techniques. From the starting of the task to the completion of task leader provide the
complete support with guidance.
Participative- By this type of leadership style leader can handle the situation of higher
support and direction requirement. In this type of leadership leader give importance their
subordinate in the organisation and task decision making process and then make their decision by
concerning employees suggestion and feedback. It also aid to build the strong relational with
subordinate and get the best results (Cooke, 2018).
Achievement oriented- In this type of leadership style leader influence their
subordinates to give high performance and continuously improve it. Leader done this by giving
the higher competency, by providing the guidance in selection of challenging goal, along with
showing the higher level of trust and confidence on their subordinates.
BARCLAYS plc use situational leadership theory in order to use the appropriate style on
the basis of different situation ans circumstances.
Goal achievement- Along with the consideration and assurance of task accomplishment
there is another responsibility which has to be mange by the leader through their leadership style
and techniques such as they have to use different programmes and activities for their subordinate
satisfaction and productivity, it can be done by offering the different reward's at each task
accomplishment of organisation. BARCLAYS take care of this factor by which they provide the
effective reward's to their employee's ( Nordin, and Deros, 2017).

CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it has been concluded that organisation behavioural
management is important in order to get the productive result. It basically involve the overall
culture and work environment of the company create by the leader and manager team
management strategy's and style, because they are the responsible, who have to select the good
staff for their organisation along with this they have to make the work environment productive
by aid of effective leadership, motivation and team, work place management models, tools and
style. As it is clear that power, culture and politics highly influence the performance of workers
so it is important to correctly use the power at right place, right time and by right persona. culture
of the team and organisation should be manage according to situation. Politics should be remove
from the company because it crate conflict. Motivation of the employees is important in order to
satisfy and retain them for long time, their personal satisfaction influence them to give further
more efforts for goal achievement. Motivation of the employee's is can be effectively done by the
guidelines of motivational theory's, which broadly divided into two groups content and process
theory such as Maslow's theory, Herzberg's two-factor, theory, Vroom expectancy theory. These
models help to motivate the employee's by satisfying employee's needs and expectation. There
are some skills and quality which make the difference between effective and ineffective team
such as time management, dignity and pre-defined goals. Path goal theory is providing the
effective philosophy for behavioural management in context to different situation such as
directive, participative, supportive and achievement oriented concept.

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