Organisational Behaviour Report: Ryanair and Employee Motivation

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the case of Ryanair. It delves into the influence of organisational culture, power dynamics, and politics on employee behaviour and motivation, examining Handy's model and various power structures within th...Read More

Organisation
Behaviour

Table of Contents
Introduction:.....................................................................................................................................1
PART 1:...........................................................................................................................................1
Organisation culture, politics and power and the motivation of individual and team within the
company:................................................................................................................................1
PART 2:...........................................................................................................................................5
Influence on team effectiveness and concepts and theories of organisation behaviour.........5
Conclusion:......................................................................................................................................9
References:.....................................................................................................................................10

Introduction:
The organisation behaviours are a study of the employees of the company how they behave and
get influenced within the team or as an individual in the organisation. in the another words, it
can be stated that the organisation behaviours includes various thing such as influences of the
culture, power on the performances of the employees at the work place. It also covered the
improving the job outcomes and satisfaction and encourages the leadership at the work related
places. Various motivational and leadership theories and concepts are examined which
influences the behaviour of the worker and helps in increasing the profits in the long run. Under
this report, the Ryanair, which is an Irish budget airline having headquarter in the Swords and it
is first European airline to uses a low fares for the customer and low cost approach. Further
there will be discussion on the organisation work environment and theories which helps the
employee to improve the performance and how the task is completed in the most effective
manners. (Argote and Hora, 2017)
PART 1:
Organisation culture, politics and power and the motivation of individual and team within the
company:
The behaviour of the employees of the organisation gets influenced by the culture, power and
politics of the company at the work place. The organisation culture has great impact on the
performances of the employees and also gets influences by the politics of the company at the
work. With the references Ryaniar company, manager and leader focus on enhancing the
organisation culture so that the pre-determine goals and objectives can be achieved in the most
effective manners. To study the culture, Handy’s model is examine so that bets results can be
given by the employees . (Tarba, 2017)
The organisation culture which exist in the Ryanair organisation is Handy’s model which they
follow their management structure and operates according to such model and achieve the desire
results.
Handys model: this helps in understanding the organisational culture of the Ryanair
organisation so that employees are working towards achieving the common vision of the
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company in the long run. Under this model there are four type of culture which are followed in
the company such as role, power, task and person culture which helps in performances the task in
the most effective manners.
Power culture: under this condition, the power remains in the hand of the most senior manager
and leader of the Ryanair organisation and they are responsible for making sound business
decision for the betterment of the organisation, these manager delegates the responsibilities to the
sub –ordinates at the work and juniors have to follow orders to its senior and the employees do
not have the liberty to express their point of view and share the ideas. The employers have a
influences on the behaviour of the employees. (Cohen. and Eyal,2015) in the case study of
Ryanair organisation, this type of culture are less followed in their management as power are
only provided to top a senior manager in the task which harm the overall performance of the
organisation.
Task culture: this culture is followed in the Ryanair organisation where the team or
group are formed to solve the critical problems and issues at the work places. The employees
who holds the special skills and capabilities form a team which will focus on dissolving the
issues in the most effective ways. with the references of Ryanair company, the uses this culture
in their organisation to dissolve the issues for example, if there is problems in executing the
particular task and these team will work on it and provided effective solution
Person culture: here the employees feels that they are more important than the
organisation objectives. The Ryanair organisation who have such culture in their work place
faces the loses in the task and have to take the seat back as employees are more focus on
achieving their personal goals at the work. This culture is not followed in the Ryanair as
employees are not interested kin organisation goals and objectives.
Role culture: according to this culture, the employees are given roles and responsibilities as per
their specialization at the task. The employees are trying to give their best performs at the
activities so the company vision can be accomplished in the most productivity manners. here
employees have to take the challenges work according to their roles and duties and give the
effective outcomes at the task.( Conard, Aand Ditzian,2016) . the application of this culture in
the Ryanair organisation is that employee of the company are given duties to execute the airline
responsibility at the work places.
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In the Ryanair organisation they follow the task culture in their management level of achieve
the organisation mission and vision. As the task culture make the team which are responsible to
execute the task of the Airline industry.
Organisation power: the manager and leader needs some power to run the operational
activities in the perfect manners. the employees also need some kind of power to perform their
task so the goals and objective can be accomplished in the most profitable manners. the
application of this power in the Ryanair organisation is that Airline industry needs to provide its
senior manager and leader with the some power to execute the task in proper manners so that all
the function of the Airline business are completed
Reward power: under this condition , employees are given the rewards for their best
performances at the task . this motivates the employees to improve and enhance their outcomes
in the task so that organisation can achieved the goals.
Legitimate power: here the power remains in the hand of senior and top level of
authority which will coordinates with the another worker and guide them to competed the task in
the perfect manners. the manager has to power to control the team in such a way that task can be
finished in time.
Expert power : as per this , power is given to those employees who have special skills
and knowledge which help them to dissolve the problem and issues at the management level.
This team have a employees who are focus on finishing the task and activities in productivity
manners by following the set producers.( Delobbe and De Hoe, 2016)
Referent power: here the employees are given some power to influence the another team
members to perform better at the task profitable and effective manners. the employees motivates
each other to give their best inputs at the work so that common goals can be achieved within the
time period.
In the Airline industry , the Ryanair organisation, use the rewards and referent power in
their management , for example, the good worker are provided with the some rewards for
competing the activities in better ways in the work which also helps in influence the another
employees to perform better.
Organisation politics: according to this, if the company have a healthy and positive
politics at the management levels then its helps the employees to perform at their full potential
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for any kind of task. The organisation needs to have a good relationship among the changing
occurring that personal, decisional which can influence the behaviours of the employees at
task .the Ryanair uses politics as a power to influence the decision of employees to achieve the
desire level of outcomes.
The application of the organisation politics in the Airline industry with the references of the
Ryanair organisation it that , it helps in making effective hierarchy in the organisation structure
which lead to achieving the organisation objective.for example, the healthy politics in the team
of the Ryanair make the employees to work to complete the task in proper manners.
The critical analysis of impact of organisation culture, power and politics on the behaviour of
the employees can be positive as well as negative at the work. The positive affect is that all the
employees of the company are working towards to achieve the mission and vision of
organisation as proper hierarchy is followed in the management which helps the employees to
execute their roles in proper manners. the negative impact can be that some employees can
misuse of the power which is given to them by senior manager to competed the task which can
lead to delay in the finishing the task. Employee can focus on achieving the personal goals rather
than the organisation objective and get de-motivated as their work is not appropriate in the
team. (Dubina and Ramos,2016)
The Ryanair organisation can apply the handy’s culture to get the better results from its
employees as this model will help in improving the culture of the Ryanair and company can use
the rewards power in their management level so that employees remain motivated to perform
better in the task as their work is appreciated.
The process theory of motivation helps in motivating the employees of the Ryanair organisation
to perform at their full potential so that organisation objectives can be accomplished in the
effective manners. the psychological and behavioural process focus on improving the
performances of the employees so that goals and objectives of the organisation can be achieved
in the productivity manners. the process theory of motivation uses different ways to help the
workers to stay motivated at their work and improve their inputs so that task can be competed
in the effective ways and desire level of revenue must be earned by the organisation.
The Expectancy theory: (Hagg and Houten, 2016)
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According to expectancy theory it stated that employees are to be provided with the
rewards for their good performances at the task. The motive of this theory is to maximizes the
pleasure and minimizes the pain and stay focus on the objective of the task this theory is also
based on the assumption that employee behaviours are based on making the continue choice
from the set of possible alternative behaviour. The main focus of such theory is that all the
employee of the organisation have common objective to accomplished in the target market .there
is affirmative correlation among the work of the employee and their outcomes of the activities.
Rewards can be monetary as well as non-monetary items such as bonus, incentive and etc.
In the context of the Ryanair organisation, the manager use this expectancy theory kin
their management team where the employees are given rewards for good inputs, for example, the
leader give bonus , holiday leaves and various benefits for working at full capabilities in the team
of the Airline business. The motivation helps the employees to perform better and become the
leading company in the Airline industry and competitive in the market places.
The content process : according to this theory , the basic needs and desire of the employees are
to be fulfilled so that employees feels motivated at the work related place and give their best
outcomes in the most effective ways. The content theory say that needs and wants of the
employees keeps on changing to the time so it is important for the organisation to give the
essential things which are required to survive at the work environment. The Ryanair organisation
uses Maslow’s hierarchy theory of need which helps in motivating the employees to perform
better in task; (Khan and Masood, 2016)
Maslow’s hierarchy theory: according to this theory, the organisation needs to provide
basic needs and necessity of the employees at the work places so that they can perform or
execute the task and activities in the most effective manners. these needs helps the worker to
competed the task on time. It has some stages in its hierarchy which are as followed:
Physiological needs: these are the biological needs for the worker to survive such as air,
food and water , so that employee are fit and healthy to compete the activities. It is most
important needs as another requirement can be secondly in organisation.
Safety needs: the employee safety and security is also necessary for the motivating them to give
their best at the work. It include the social stability, safety against the accidents and injury and
etc. (Lam 2015)
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Love and belongingness needs: as per this needs, employees are to be treated with love
and make them feel that they are important part of the organisation. this way employees work
form positive vibes and complete the task.
Esteem needs: the worker are realized their full potential so that they can improve their
performances to next level.
Self-actualization: here the employee understand their capabilities and self-fulfilment so
that they can grow further in the hierarchy and have peak experiences.
With the references of the Airline industry, the Ryanair organisation apply the Maslow
theory in their team where the Airline employee receive the basic needs to work in proper
manners. for example, Airline worker in safety at the workplace and needs different tool to work
in effective manners.
The critically impact of motivation theory is that employees focus on improving their inputs at
the work place and have a common goals to achieve so that desire of the organisation can be
accomplished. There are process and content theory which helps both employers and employees
to work for the aims of the organisation by fulfilling the basic needs and motivating each other
so that objective can be realized . the Ryanair is suggest to imply the Maslow hierarchy so that
employees will stay loyal to the company for the longer period of time.
PART 2:
Influence on team effectiveness and concepts and theories of organisation behaviour.
In every organisation there are team of people who works for the benefits of the organisation as
well as for their personal objectives. In the another words, it can be stated that term refers to
group of person who have a common goals for the company. With the reference of the Ryanair,
the manager tries to have a effective team in their management team so that their can achieve the
pre-determine goals in the prefect ways and they can undergo for the restructuring the
organisation by opening four airline as subsidiaries such as Ryanair DAC, Laudamotion, Ryanair
UK . There are two style of team in the company such as effective and ineffective team in the
organisation. The effective team is a people of the company who perform best for the company
in the long run. On the another hands, the ineffective team is a team who are lack qualities to
execute the work in the most proper manner. Under the effective team , there are proper way of
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communication in the company so that it make easy for the team to completed the in the proper
ways. (Kunze and Menges 2017)
assessment among the effective team and ineffective team.
Basic Effective team In effective team
purpose Under this team, there are set
roles and responsibilities
which are to be followed by
the team members to achieve
their goals
Here, the objectives of the
company are not clearly stated
among the employees.
conflict Here, the employees are able
to solve the conflicts in the
proper ways.
Conflicts lead to more issues
in the management levels.
Decision- making capabilities The effective team are able to
make sound business decision
in the organisation.
Here, the employees are not
having capabilities to make
good decision.
The effective team focus on having the sound communication among the team members and
with the senior manager so that goal of expanding the four new airline can be implemented in the
management levels and effective measure can be taken to grow and achieve the pre-determine
objective of the Ryanair. It is very important for the organisation to convert the ineffective team
into effective team so all the human resources of the company are used in the successful and
well-organized ways. ‘
In the Airline industry , the Ryanair organisation needs the employee who are work with the
team and achieve the require results, for example, the Ryanair organisation are planning to
restructure their management to open their new four subsidiaries. The organisation make the
team of employee who are working to make systemic plan to launch these subsidiaries
The Ryanair can use the Tuckman model to develop the team which helps in accomplishing the
goal of the company. This theory focus on the way in which team manage the task and activities
in the most profitable manners. It model explain the team develops maturity, relationship in the
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workplace, leader changing their leadership style. There are five stage which helps in competing
the task in the productivity manners with team working together .
Forming stage: this stage involve a time of orientation and collecting the information about the
task to be done. The top-level of authority have important data about what work is to be carried
out and how to perform such work. Uncertainly in this stage is high and employee are looking
for the leadership and authority to guidance them to perform the task. The employees are not
clear with their roles and duties to be formed in the task. (Maia and Solinger 2016)
Storming stage: under this path, the various conflicts and competition arise among the
employees. The team outputs decrease as the energy is placed into unproductive activities. All
the member of the team are working in the different direction which lead to confusion and delay
in the perform of the organisation. employees can disagree on the team goals , having inability
to execute the task in the management levels.
Norming stage: here, the employees are informed about their roles and responsibilities at
the task so that organisation objective can be planed to be accomplished in the long run. Leader
and manager are selected and provide with the sub-ordinates so that every knows their part of
duty at the work. Interpersonal difference begin to dissolved among the members of the
organisation and team performance staring increasing in this phase.
Performing stage: here the team is well organized to perform their task in the most
valuable manners as clear and stable structure is formed to execute the task . the manager solve
any difference easily so that team remain focus.
Adjourning stage: under this stage, the team goals and objective have been
accomplished in the profitable manners. all the members of the team are free from their duties
and responsibilities and winding up with the team and joining the new team for next projects.
The Ryanair organisation can this model to improve the performances of the individual and
team so that they are able to expand their business with the help of having the productivity team.
The group will helps the company to compete the task in the profitable ways by making proper
procedure which needs to be followed by the every member of the organisation.
With the references of the Airline industry, the team helps the organisation to achieve the desire
goals in the effective manners. for example, the team which is formed in the Ryanair
organisation focus on providing effective solution for the task which helps them to influence the
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member of the organisation to achieve their goals and lead the Airline industry . their are
different teams such as operational team which handle the activities of the organisation,
marketing team which provide effective strategies to promote the Ryanair organisation in the
target market. financial team manage the cash flow in the organisation and another team are
formed to manage overall function of the organisation.
There are various concepts and philosophies which helps in understanding the behaviour of the
employees at the task. The organisational behaviours are way which shows how the employee’s
behaviour in the team in the company and this also helps in improving the job performance and
enhance their satisfactions. In the context of Ryanair,the manger uses the path-goal theories
which shows how employees must behaviour in the organisation. (Newman and Sendjaya, 2017)
The path goals is a model which shows style of the leader and manager and its employees how
they behave in the particular task and activities. This model provide a way which is best suitable
for the employees and the work environment in which they lives their work life. It is model
which is based on the specifying the leadership style and behaviour of the worker that best
suitable for the organisation and for the work environment to achieve the goals in profitable
ways. the main object is to enhance the employees motivation, empowerment and satisfaction
With the reference of the Airline industry , the Ryanair organisation uses different theories which
helps the employee to improve their inputs in the team . for example, the leader of the Ryanair
organisation offers various training and development programs where they give information
about their subsidises launch in the market so that every employee are aware about the
organisation plan so that they can provide effective inputs at the work places and grow the
business in the target market places.
It is the duty of the leader to provide important information to the its employees so that task can
be completed in best ways. under this model ,there are four stages which are stated as below:
The directive path-goal clarifying leader : here employees are made to understand
their roles and work so that task can be performed in best possible ways. Here employees are
aware about their part of role in the task. The leader make sure that all the worker know what is
expected from them in the task and also tell how to perform such activities. Manager and leader
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focus on providing the correct information to all the employees so that task can be competed in
the most profitable ways.
The achievement -oriented leader behaviours: under this condition manager gives
challenges task to its employees which helps them to improve their outcomes in the perfect
manners. leader expect from the worker to perform effective at given task so that objective of the
organisation can be achieved in the long run. Employee are required to execute their action by
full confidence in their approach so the manager can realize the full potential of the worker and
assign them task according to their capabilities to perform the activites. (Scrim and Lorito,2015)
The participative leader behaviour: Under this condition all the employees are
involved in the decision making and this will improve their work in the long run. Leader involve
the employees in making the important strategies for the organisation so that task can be
competed in the productivity manners
The supportive leader behaviours: Under this situations, all the needs of the employees
are satisfied in the profitable . the manager and leader look after the basic needs of the worker at
the work place so that they feel they are essential for the organisation in present as well as in the
long run.
These philosophies helps the Ryanair organisation to have affect on the behaviour of the
employees at the work places, as employee are given their roles and responsibly at the work so
that they can focus on achieving the organisation objective in effective manners.
The path goal theory is helpful for the Ryanair, as this organisation have leaders who are flexible
in their approached and style which helps them to get work done from the employees at different
level of hierarchy.
The organisation focus on growing its sub-airline at various location which can be possible if
they have effective organisation team which focus on finishing the task in the profitable
manners.
the company leader can use the different style such as transformable leadership where the
leader tries to convert the follower into the great leader by providing them various training and
development programs. (Schneiderand Lam 2018)The contingency style , here the leader
changes its leadership according to the condition coming up in the work environment, it is
expected from the leader to modified its style as per the requirement of the organisation work
atmosphere. Further to achieve the objectives in the perfect time it is important to have effective
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and strong communication among the team members and with the team manger about the what
work needs to be competed so that organisation main objective can be achieved by worker of the
company. The behaviour of the employees gets affected or influenced by various things which
are present in the environment here the company perform its task in the most productivity ways.
the organisation needs group of people who are delegated to perform at their full potential to
accomplished the mission and vision. The leader and manager needs to have valuable skills and
capabilities which lead to make the sound team who have abilities to execute the plan in the
most effective ways. the behaviour of the worker get affected by various circumstances such
hierarchy which is followed in the management level and culture which are formed by the
members of the company. The aim focus of organisation is have good employees who are willing
to work at their full capabilities to gain the personal as well as organisation objectives.
Conclusion:
According to above discussion it can be concluded organisation behaviour refers to the study that
influence the behaviour of the employees at the work. The organisation culture and various
another things have a impact on the performances of the employees and there are various
theories such process and content which helps in keeping the worker motivated at the work
related places so that goals and objective cab be achieved in the most effective manners. The
organisation also focuses on completing the task in the most appropriate ways.
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