Organisational Behaviour Report: Culture, Motivation, Teams

This report provides an analysis of organisational behaviour within the context of 4Com Plc. It explores how organisational culture, politics, and power influence individual and team behaviour and performance, including a discussion of Handy's cultural typology. The report delves into content and process theories of motivation, such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, alongside motivational techniques employed to achieve organizational goals. It identifies different types of teams and examines organisational theories aimed at improving team performance. The report emphasizes the importance of aligning individual needs with organisational objectives and the impact of external factors on business operations, with a focus on creating a positive and effective work environment. The report stresses the importance of employee motivation and engagement through various strategies like performance appraisals, bonuses, and fair treatment to avoid conflicts and promote productivity. The report provides insights into how 4Com Plc can leverage these concepts to enhance its operations and achieve its strategic goals. The report also explains various theories such as Reinforcement, Equity, Goals, and Expectancy and how managers use them to improve team performance and employee effectiveness.

Organisational Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and its
performance............................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques for achieving
goals........................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................9
P3 Identifying and explaining different types of teams in 4 Com..........................................9
TASK4 ..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Organisational theories for improving team performance..............................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
As per the present scenario, organisational behaviour is one of the integral part of a
company as it defines the actual position of firm along with its business status (Arnolds and
Boshoff, 2002). Therefore, it helps the organisation in doing modifications so that productivity
can be increased. Thus, the main purpose of applying this is to work in an appropriate manner as
it will enable them in achieving the set targets and objectives. 4Com plc, is one of the leading
companies in United Kingdom and they are dealing in providing communication facilities to its
customers. This report, includes how organisation's culture, politics and power influence
individual and team behaviour and performance. Other than this, related theories of motivation
and motivational techniques for achieving the goals and is mentioned in this assignment. Lastly,
concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within organisational context.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and its
performance
To run an organisation in an effective manner, it is important that all the workers with
different mindset should collaborate and work for a common goal. Therefore, it includes a
systematic pattern of a whole process. Culture is an essential factor that company must concern
as values and behaviour may differ form one another. Thus, 4Com Plc is focussing on providing
a better environment at workplace where they can sit and perform their activity effectively.
Henceforth, 4Com Plc is using Handy cultural typology which is helping them in increasing the
performance of company. Some of the factors are given below to understand in a better manner:
Role Culture: Under this, managers plays a crucial part in assigning the task in a proper
manner according to the skills and knowledge they acquire so that the task can be accomplished
in an appropriate manner. Therefore, every individual is different form one another and
managers of 4Com are monitoring the performance of their employees and it is assisting them in
distributing the work effectively (Bissell and Dolan, 2012).
Power Culture: Power is what makes an individual eligible in decision making. If an
organisation wants to attain goals and objectives then it is essential that power is given to a
single person who can handle it in a better manner. Therefore, it is helping 4Com Plc in making
appropriate decisions and it assists managers in maintaining a strong culture for effective growth.

Task Culture: For achieving the goals and targets, it is essential that a strong team is
build who can attain the objectives with mutual understanding. This will help them in resolving
the problems that are acting as a barrier. Therefore, 4Com Plc is forming their team on the basis
of knowledge that are acquired by an individual, interest is also determined along with
experience and speciality.
Person Culture: Under this, individual starts giving preferences to himself above their
company. The drawback of this is that organisation faces low productivity, conflicts, lower
growth rate and many more. Therefore, it is important that managers apply various concepts
through which they can achieve the set targets as a result improvement in business operations
can be seen.
Influence of Power and Culture
Henceforth, 4Com Plc has adopted role and task culture according to the current market
situations and it is helping them in accomplishing the work in a proper manner. It is assisting
them in sustaining a better position at market area and for this; managers are ensuring that a
effective environment is provided so that relationship is maintained (Burnard and Bhamra,
2011).
According to the current market situation there are many various which have an impact
on business operations whether in a negative or positive manner. Culture, political, power assist
the decision making so that benefits are provided to all the people. As 4Com is a
telecommunication company that deliver best possible services and facilities to its customers so
that customers can easily communicate with their relatives or anybody. By considering all these
factors they are giving facilities so as to satisfy customers by fulfilling the needs and wants.
Powers are given to person who are at middle level so that they can communicate with both
superiors and employees at the same time (Wood and et. al., 2016). Thus, power helps an
organisation in resolving the task in a better manner. Therefore, this can be done by monitoring
the performance of individual on a regular basis so that they can resolve all the problems in an
appropriate manner.
With the increase in employees there is a chance of raise in conflicts. Bias nature towards
an individual can encourage politics and this can create problems at workplace. Therefore, it is
essential that all the employees are treated equally. Other than this, company should motivate
and encourage workers by giving performance appraisal, bonuses and many more. This is the

factor that have both internal and external impact on 4Com Plc as they are facing problem
because of continues involvement of ruling parties and sudden changes in their policy.
Power and politics both can be linked with one another and have an impact on
organisational behaviour. Thus, it is important that a balance is maintained between both the
sectors. Therefore, it is essential that company must take right decision which they can
implement in an effective manner. Hence, it is necessary that all the things are done as per the
requirements rather than on the basis of biased nature (Burrell and Morgan, 2017).
TASK 2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques for achieving goals
Motivation is an essential factor which helps an individual to perform his/her task in an
appropriate manner. This enhance the skills and knowledge by encouraging a person in order to
deliver the work so as to get better and effective results. Therefore, to get appropriate outcomes it
is important for managers of 4Com to motivate its employees according to the capabilities so that
they can accomplish the best effectively. Thus, company is using various theories for motivating
their employees and these are mentioned below:
Maslow Need hierarchy theory: This theory was formulated by Abraham Maslow and
described about three basic level that are required to be considered for a proper conduction of
work. Henceforth, the steps that are mentioned under this are used in order to encourage an
individual so that he/she can give best efforts for completing the work. Thus, five steps are
mentioned below:
Physiological needs: Under this, all the basis requirements that are essential for living or
survival are included like food, shelter, clothings etc., hence, 4Com is providing job
opportunities to individuals so that they can fulfil their primary necessities.
Security and safety: With the increase in job level the satisfaction also enhances.
Therefore, in recent times people are opting of the job which can provide them security and
safety. In this context, 4Com they are providing safe environment and providing them guarantee
in job along with this company is giving health facility and financial stability (CHEN and et. al.,
2013).
Social needs: This includes human needs that are related to interpersonal and feelings of
belongingness. Therefore, it is necessary that an individual learn all the values in his/her

childhood. Person may seeking out love, belongingness and acceptance etc. which create
effective on an organisation positive as well as negative. Basically, it is related to long term
emotional relationship which are driving individuals behaviours (Tuckman, 2012).
Esteem Needs:It is a fourth step of need hierarchy, it is related to respect and
appreciation for person job and whole society. Management of 4com are focused on employees
need related to esteem. In this stage old and middle age employees are came after completing
their necessary needs and wants.
Self-actualisation needs: It is a high point where person may achieve their aim and
objectives effectively. It shows their high capabilities as well as satisfaction level. In this stage,
they want to gain prestige as well as high position with in an organisation. He has earned their
goals and focus on resources.
Herzberg two factor theory: Fredrick Herzberg give two kind of variable related to hygiene and
motivation elements. These two factors may effect performance of employees. Management of
the company has used this strategies to boost motivation of their employees with in an
organisation. Herzberg two factors are explain as follows: Hygiene factor: This factor are required to present in work which are related to high
level of employees dis-satisfaction with in an organisation. Basically absence of hygiene
element lead to lower level of gratification and reduce staff members ability of
performance as well as productivity. They are extrinsic in nature and manage all business
activities effectively. There are some example of this factors are salary, benefits, job
security, fringe profits and many more (Chevallier and et. al., 2012).
 Motivational factor: Motivation has improve employee's performance and productivity
which helps to achieve goals and objectives in specific time period. Its enhance staff
members satisfaction related to their work responsibilities and role. But their absence in
firm can not create impact on an individual.
As per Herzberg, management of firm has want to reduce all hygiene factors so that
problem with in work place can be solved easily. Other than this, enterprises used process theory
to increase team members capabilities and capacities to completing work in an effective manner.
The process theory develop reinforcement, equity, goals and expectancy.
Reinforcement theory refers, some time staff members may rewarded for their good
work or job. This will assist to ensure about boost in their motivation level. While in Expectancy

concept refers that person motivation which depend on good reward for their higher performance
and productivity that increase firm profits and sustainability in long period of time. Equity
theory Describe that positive perception of employees about firm and its product as compare to
other staff members is helps to achieve goals and objectives in limited time period. In the last
goals setting is a important work of top management in an organisation which are done for
specific task and objectives, it is used for manage performance of employees in ling period of
time.
Motivational technique will aid to organisation in improving effectiveness of team
Their are different theories that are stated by various investigators, it is used by managers
within 4Com organisation for improving people effectiveness as well as relations between all
management levels. These factors also assist an management in maintaining the process flow.
There are various of theories as well as peoples which are stated in past which are used by
managers for motivating individual in achieving goals in an proper way.
Maslow require theory of hierarchy which are used by managers for fulfilling satisfaction
level. Workers in 4Com are having lots of expectations from their organisation as well as have to
full fill their wants and needs by this model manager can easily find out the needs of
improvement and individual satisfaction level by full filling requirements. It is an very easy
method which allow management in motivating employees in an better way (Maslow’s
Hierarchy of needs, 2017).
Two factor theory of Herzberg are used for that making sure that there are no loopholes
left as well as satisfied workers. Top management gives different individual opportunities for
improving the level for future. These factors allow managers in finding out factors that have to
maintaining level of satisfaction (Hashim and Wok, 2014).
Expectancy theory means that employees expects from companies. In this concept, it
states things an workers wants to full filled by firms. Managers can provide them rewards in term
of its level of motivation, non monetary, incentives and bonus. Generally, this method help in
advantage of company as well as self motivation in increasing persons performance as well as
serve customers in an effective way. Some benefits are discussed in detail below: Learning: People are frequently learning, making them more sharper as well as wiser. As
much as person learn, more properly he will learn.

 Discipline: By learning comes task discipline to do a work or implement an activity.
Generally, when employees are higher motivated, they help in completing and disciplined
this work on particular period of time. Productivity: people who are motivated help in performing better as well as also help in
developing a environment positively within firm.
 Job satisfaction: motivation can only if employees are satisfied with their jobs. If having
lots of performance and lack of happiness then it give rise to dissatisfaction (Ifinedo,
2012).
Contributing in improving motivational level within 4Com
Motivation at a higher level will help 4Com in achieving higher productivity level as well
as companies efficiency. Which is needed at current to results markets threats. Their are certain
contribution as well as advantages of motivation are given below: Job duties: individual motivation are one which give higher efficiency and productivity
to the company. Generally, when employees are satisfied then it aid in working
innovatively along with that identify ways that improve achievement of goals. The
purpose of organisation for giving customers with qualitative services as well as products
can achieve easily. 4Com uses different kinds of techniques to boost the level of
motivation of workers as well as make sure that they are full filling their responsibilities. Volunteering: If workers are not satisfied with their working situation they will not
accomplished their work along with that also they do not participate in another work. But
if same persons are satisfied then they will give their better performance that help in
meeting objectives and goals. In 4Com, managers purpose to make sure that work should
be accomplished in an limited period of time. They keep on analysing motivation level
which is possessed by workers in organisation (Kazemipour and Mohd Amin, 2012). Customer services: it is an last result of having a motivation working of employees. As
they are much determinant in meeting their objectives as well as goals. They serve people
a best quality and ensure each program is on time.
 Higher effectiveness and efficiency: persons who are motivated help in accomplishing a
task on a time. This increase level of efficiency of each activity that are organised by
them. This improves organisation market image and make sure that higher customers are
attracted towards companies.

TASK 3
P3 Identifying and explaining different types of teams in 4 Com
It is must for an individual to do their work with maximum motivation; therefore, it get
accomplished within limited period of time (Wong, Wong and Ngo, 2012). If people are working
in groups then they will complete task with maximum effectiveness and appropriateness. In this
way, workers will implement new tools and techniques into working procedure. In context of
4Com Plc, there are distinctive kind of teams and they have to face numerous types of work.
This will be described as beneath:
Problem solving teams: Many groups in affiliation are developed by higher authority. It
is fundamental for them to examine problems and after that resolve them in an effective manner.
Market trend in modify on regular basis which need to be assessed effectually; therefore, they
will be able to accomplish requirement of individuals within limited period of time. Financial
crisis was happened in 2008 and at that time a problem solving team was formulated by manager
of 4Com Plc; therefore, they will evaluate that it affects on organisation or not.
Virtual teams: These kind of groups are not exist in a physical way. It is not associated
with particular place and spread across the world. This has been analysed that each individual is
expert in their own area or field. They will take assistance of digital methods to connect with
each other. In relation to 4Com Plc, they are using Skype to communicate those teams who are in
some other place. Hence, with assistance of this, interaction will easily get improved amongst
members in an effective and efficient manner (Latham, 2012).
Functional teams: Some teams in companies need to perform their work in an
appropriate way. Each individual belongs to their respective department and they have to
combine activities so overall work will get accomplished within limited period of time. They
need to meet with each others; thus, they will be able to fulfil entire exercises effectively and
efficiently. Manager has to obtain judgement properly and for this, they will take assistance of
their subordinates. In this manner, firm will run or regulate proficiently.
Self managed teams: These kind of groups are much effective as well as significant for
firm. They have entire power and in addition involved into the procedure of decision making.
Methods of making effective team in the 4Com
Basically, there are distinctive manner through which team will be developed in an
effective and efficient manner. 4Com Plc is using Tuckman model for this aim. This will

comprise four main stages and another one is added by investigator in recent period of time. This
will be understand by the following description: Forming: As per this, when stage is formed by superior. In this, individuals begin to
know each others; thus, they will develop some understanding. This time, they observed
by every one (Odetunde, 2013). Storming: When individuals begin to speak with others and start some conversation. This
leads to develop some obstructions or problems as well. Hence, they are less concentrated
and fight with others also. Norming: In this step, people start to adopt more things. In this way, clashes go down
and troubles will get resolved in an effective manner. Performing: As indicated by this, persons begin to share their vision with others. It is
must to complete task with maximum effectiveness and in addition, within certain period
of time.
 Adjourning: When entire things get finished then, members of group go to their own
directions (Unsworth, Dmitrieva and Adriasola, 2013).
TASK4
P4 Organisational theories for improving team performance
Team building is a one of the most task for management with in an organisation. Strong
and healthy relationship among team members has increase performance as well as productivity
of work which are helps to achieve goals and objectives in an effective and limited period of
time. Management of 4Com has develop strategies and plan to enhance skills, knowledge of
employees which improve their work quality (Ramachandran and et. al., 2011).
Along with this, by regulating rule and policies, all leaders can come together in order to
cohesiveness in overall team work effectively. Below mention some area where improvement are
needed to enhance team performance:
 Team leaders have organising training to increase performance of subordinates. It helps
in decision making process.
 Team leader established strong and effective communication process with in an
organisation which reduce conflict among members.
Barriers that can effect team performance

In current competitive environment, there are several barriers of performance with in a
team which affect firm profits and productivity. Some of barriers are explain as follows:
 Poor communication between team members has create various kind of issues which
affect performance of an organisation.
 Unclear objectives and goals is a barrier which affect aim and target of whole team which
affect work and can not present effectively toward administration (Thomson and Van
Niekerk, 2012).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that, organisational behaviour plays a crucial
part in a company as they maintains a healthy relation amongst individual. This enable the firm
in providing better results through which organisation can attain superior position in market
place. Therefore, company is utilising all the resources that are provided by the company so that
effective results can be obtained. For this, managers are playing important part for developing
strategies and plan of action which organisation can apply for better growth.

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