Organisational Behaviour: Report on ABC Travel Agency Analysis

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour, using ABC Travel Agency as a case study. It examines the influence of organisational culture, politics, and power dynamics, including Handy's culture theory and French and Raven's power bases. The report delves into motivational theories, contrasting content and process theories, such as Maslow's hierarchy and Alderfer's ERG theory, to understand employee motivation. Furthermore, it differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, exploring Belbin's team roles and their impact on team performance. The report also applies the path-goal theory to address challenges within the organisation, such as communication issues and leadership styles. Overall, the report offers practical insights into managing organisational behaviour to achieve business goals.

Organisational
Behaviour

Executive summary
The management of any organisation wants to maintain a good behaviour within
organisation so, they understand the problems and provide solutions to employees
which helps to attain the business goals. The behaviour of organisation depends on
values, beliefs and thoughts which helps to make decision for particular thing. This
report provide an analysis on organisational behaviour by covering path goal theory,
Belbin team role, Handy's culture and different topics on the basis on business
organisation.

Table of Contents
Executive summary............................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................4
TASK 1...............................................................................................................................4
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power................................................................4
TASK 2...............................................................................................................................6
P2 Content and process theory of motivation ...............................................................6
TASK 3...............................................................................................................................7
P3 Effective team as opposed to ineffective team ........................................................7
TASK 4...............................................................................................................................8
Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour ..............................................8
CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................10
REFERENCE...................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour is consider as examination of human's behaviour who
works at work place and perform organisational function effectively. Every organisation
wants to run their business properly in order to make profits. The behaviour of
organisation affects the culture and team who helps to attain the business goals. For
understanding about organisation behaviour ABC travel agency has been taken that
provides travelling services to people by adopting good and effective business culture
which helps to attain the business objectives (Bakotić, 2016). This report covers
influence of culture, politics and power, motivational factor for individual and team,
effective team as opposed to ineffective team and concepts and philosophies of
organisational behaviour.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation's culture, politics and power
In business organisation there are different type of people who have different
religion, culture and relations and power which is used to run the business activities
effectively. This is important for management that all employees are adopting good
culture where they can accept the challenges and maintain their good performance by
completing the task in certain period of time. A Collection of culture, political relation and
power of people is consider as business organisation where number of people work and
helps to attain the business goals. For example, ABC travel company which provides
different types of travelling services to people and satisfy them by attracting the people
(Boddy, 2015). Culture, politics and power of ABC travel company affects the business
organisation that are as defined:
Handy's culture theory is used by ABC Travel company that are as defined:
Task culture: The meaning of task culture is to work in organisation in order to
complete the specific task which is given by management. This means task is divided
by managers between employees according to their specific qualification and work
experience. This culture provide satisfaction to customers after completion of task within
time which helps to enhance the employees skills more and team member maintain the
coordination (About ABC Travel company, 2019). In context to ABC travel company,

management can use task culture for addressing the specific problems or progress
which helps to maintain the good performance.
Role culture: This refers role and responsibilities of employees which is used to
attain the goals. In context to ABC travel company roles are clear who understand the
needs of organisation and perform their role effectively in order to make profits.
Person culture: In this culture person are treated as important part of
organisation which helps to work accordingly. In context to ABC travel, employees
understand important themselves and work accordingly. Herein, team work is
progressing continuously and less interaction or engagement in order to complete the
task (Burrell and Morgan,2019).
Power culture: In ABC travel company, power is having in the hand of few
people who are able to make decisions and implement them effectively. Team and
individual keep discipline within organisation which helps to perform good in dynamic
business environment.
ABC travel company is using Role culture in which role of employees are divided
by managers for attaining the business goals.
Organisation power: Power states the ability which make things happen by
influencing team and people in order to make right business decision. ABC travel
company using French and Raven's Power that impacts on leadership and business
success which is defined as:
Legitimate: This power control the people by providing formal position to an
individual. This impacts on ABC travel company, such as managers attracts employees
by rewarding and punishing them on their performance (Cocci and Cadario, 2014).
Coercive: This is negative power which is used by organisation or managers to
punish the employees for the purpose of non compliance behaviour. This impacts
negatively on ABC travel company, employees do not feel job security and become
bound to work according to managers which increases conflicts and make decision to
leave the organisation.
Reward: This power is used to motivate the employees by giving them rewards
and bonus which influences the business performance effectively. For instance, ABC
travel company's manager focus on employees performance and give them rewards for

their good performance which helps to increase the organisational performance
(Elsmore, 2017).
Expert: This means power of knowledge which is taken from experts helps to
increase the business performance. Herein, skills and knowledge of employees
enhance with the help of experts. This impacts on ABC travel company such as
employees increase their knowledge and skills by following the experts which helps to
increase the organisational performance effectively.
Organisational Politics: This relates with informal and unofficial scenes which
can be used to influence employees, increase power and affect the business activities
in order to attain business objectives. For example, employees of ABC travel company
play politics, in which they do not work properly and get work done from their juniors by
following the Role culture which reduces their work burden and impacts negatively on
business performance.
TASK 2
P2 Content and process theory of motivation
Motivation is the tool to get work done from employees within an organisation
which helps to improve the business performance. Organisation should focus on
motivational factors in case of wish to increase the productivity and profitability. In
context to ABC travel company managers are using process and content theory of
motivation to motivate the employees which are defined as:
Process theory: ABC travel company is using Maslow's motivational theory as process
theory that are as explained:
Physiological needs: The management of ABC travel company provides basis
needs to its employees such as air, food, water and sleep that motivates them and get
completion of task.
Safety and security needs: Job security, safety and health safety services
provided by management of ABC travel company that motivates employees and helps
to complete the work effectively (Grobler and Du Plessis, 2016).

Social needs: As employees of ABC travel company feel safety and security
then they needs self belonging and society needs which motivates them because they
feel a part of society.
Self esteem needs: Management of ABC travel company motivates its
employees through providing self esteem by honouring, esteem and rewards which
helps to attain the business goals.
Self actualisation needs: The management of ABC travel company motivates
their employees by giving them career growth, respects, support them and increasing
their confidence which helps to accept the challenges and attain the business goals.
Content theory: The management of ABC travel company uses Alderfer's ERG theory
of motivation in content theory that are categorised as:
Existence needs: In this management of ABC travel company provides
physiological desire such as food, water, air, clothing and love affection.
Relatedness needs: Herein, management of ABC travel agency focus on social
and self esteem needs and complete it effectively which motivates them and attain the
business goals.
Growth needs: In this employees of ABC travel company feel internal esteem
and self actualisation by creating good reputation which make feel them good and they
perform well in business ( Kitchin, 2017).
From the above it has evaluated that motivation is the important for employees
which helps to increase the organisational productivity as employees give their
contribution in completion of task and working properly. It has recommended to ABC
travel company to use ERG expectancy theory in order to motivate their staff so it can
work effectively and increase the organisational profitability.
TASK 3
P3 Effective team as opposed to ineffective team
Business organisation the is collection of people or team in which such people
understand the goals and make their efforts to attain the goals timely (Maitland, Hills
and Rhind, 2015). In context to ABC travel company there are two types of team who
works as per their perspective in order to complete task that is defined as:

Difference between effective and ineffective team
Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Team worker The member of effective team
works collectively by
understanding the goals and
share their thoughts to complete
task.
In this team people do not wish
to work as a team and not focus
on common goals that reduces
organisational profits.
Planter In this, team come up with new
and creative idea and
communicates with all to attain
the goals (Pavalache-Ilie, 2014).
In this, team member do not
have mind so they do not bring
any creative idea to complete the
task and goals.
Coordinator The member of effective team in
context to ABC travel company
are playing role of coordinator
where they coordinate with each
member in order to complete the
work.
Such team is not coordinating
with employees as it does not
working effectively.
Risk taker The team of ABC travel company
are playing as role of risk taker in
which it accept the changes.
This is not playing risk taker role
as it work only them selves.
Implementer Effective team are playing role of
implementer where it implement
ideas.
This is not playing role of
implementer.
In context to ABC travel company, management are using Belbin typology for making
effective team such as:
Action oriented role:
Resource Investigator: In this, team of ABC travel company plays resource
investigator role in which they explores opportunities and develop the contact which
helps to attain the business goals (Pennington, 2014).

Coordinator: In this, team member of ABC travel company focuses on
organisational objectives and make efforts to attain them by coordinating and delegating
work appropriately.
People oriented role:
Plant: In context to ABC travel company team members are tend to be highly
creative and good to solve the problems in order to improve their business performance.
Specialist: In this role, team of ABC travel company brings knowledge in depth
that make specialist in their work and helps to complete the task effectively.
Thought oriented role:
Shaper: In this team member of respective company provide a necessary drive
to ensure that they are on moving stage by attaining the business goals.
Implementer: In ABC travel company managers and team suggest the new idea
and implement them which helps to perform well within organisation (Toga, Khayundi
and Mjoli, 2014).
TASK 4
Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour
In context to ABC travel company employees do not ready to accept the
challenges and feel boredom which are creating conflicts between team and influencing
team negatively. To solve such conflicts between team, Path goal theory is adopted by
management of ABC travel company which involves different stages such as:
Business situation
The business of AC travel company is facing low productivity due to improper
communication and wrong delegation of activities which impacts on business activities
negatively. For solving this situation management are using path goal theory which
helps to solve the the problems such as:
Employee and environmental characteristics
Employees characteristics:
The employees of ABC travel organisation interpret their leader's behaviour
which is based on needs like affiliation, challenges, new working activity, degree of
structure, perceived level of ability and desire to control which can help to accept the

changes and work properly. The leader of organisation should understand their
employees what employees wants and how they can be motivated. This characteristics
is having in employees which helps to deal with difficulties effectively. Moreover,
managers should be motivate employees by rewards and bonus that helps to perform
well and attain the organisational goals effectively.
Task and Environmental characteristics
Path goal theory is fits to solve the problems and conflicts which arose within
organisation. If problem is highly strong then leader need to take correct step and the
employees select a clear path. Some characteristics of leader in context to business
organisation are as defined:
Design of task: This means leader should design the task of employees which
are important that helps to attain the business goals.
Formal authority system: Herein, the leader of ABC travel provide a clear goals
to employees and work accordingly which helps to solve the conflicts.
Work group: This means all individual of organisation should work collectively
by sharing their ideas and thoughts which helps leaders to improve the work
performance.
Selection of leadership style: ABC travel company select the appropriate leadership
style that are as defined:
Directive: In this leader of ABC travel company provide direction to employees
how to treat customers and provide information which helps to complete the task.
Supportive: Leaders supports their employees in context to ABC travel company
that helps to accept the challenges and changes within organisation for completing the
task.
Participative: In this style leaders and employees participate in organisational
function which helps to improve the productivity and profitability effectively. In this style
leaders also participate in employees task and works properly.
Achievement oriented: In this style leader of ABC travel company focus on
goals and make efforts to attain the business goals effectively by sharing the
information.
Motivation factors:

Define goal: To motivate the employees management of ABC travel company
should define what are the goal of organisation so they can work accordingly which also
helps understand what need to do.
Clarify path: Management of ABC travel company should state the path through
which they can attain the business goals effectively (Yldız, and Şaylıkay,2014).
Remove obstacles: This also motivate employees as management should help
employees to remove the obstacle while working so they feel good and attain the
business goals effectively.
Provide support: In context to ABC travel company should support its
employees which helps to attain the business goals by succeeding and performing well.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that organisation behaviour is mainly
related with the behaviour of human and individual who works at workplace in the
consideration of getting monetary benefits. There are many team in business
organisation where conflicts are arising due to lack of challenges and boredom which
are creating many problems. Team member helps to attain the business goals by
performing various role. Path goal theory is used by organisation to make effective
decision and attain the business objectives.

REFERENCE
Books and Journal
Bakotić, D., 2016. Relationship between job satisfaction and organisational
performance. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja,. 29(1). pp.118-130.
Boddy, C. R., 2015. Organisational psychopaths: a ten year update. Management
Decision,. 53(10). pp.2407-2432.
Burrell, G. and Morgan, G., 2019. Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis:
Elements of the sociology of corporate life. Routledge.
Coccia, M. and Cadario, E., 2014. Organisational (un) learning of public research labs in
turbulent context. Int. J. Innovation and Learning,. 15(2). pp.115-129.
Elsmore, P., 2017. Organisational Culture: Organisational Change?: Organisational
Change?. Routledge.
Grobler, S. W. and Du Plessis, Y., 2016. Requisite leader behavioural competencies for
sustainable organisational performance. Acta Commercii,. 16(1). pp.1-8.
Kitchin, D., 2017. An introduction to organisational behaviour for managers and
engineers: A group and multicultural approach. Routledge.
Maitland, A., Hills, L .A. and Rhind, D. J., 2015. Organisational culture in sport–A
systematic review. Sport Management Review,. 18(4). pp.501-516.
Pavalache-Ilie, M., 2014. Organizational citizenship behaviour, work satisfaction and
employees’ personality. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,. 127.
pp.489-493.
Pennington, D .C., 2014. The social psychology of behaviour in small groups.
Routledge.
Toga, R., Khayundi, D. A. and Mjoli, T. Q., 2014. The Impact of Organisational
Commitment and Demographic Variables on Organisational Citizenship
Behaviour. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,. 5(2). p.643.
Yıldız, S. and Şaylıkay, M., 2014. The effect of organisational cynicism on alienation.
Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,. 109. pp.622-627.
Online
About ABC Travel company. 2019. [Online]. Available through:
<http://www.abctravel.co.uk/about-us/>
(Bakotić, 2016)(Boddy, 2015)(Burrell and Morgan,2019)(Cocci and Cadario, 2014)
(Elsmore, 2017)(Grobler and Du Plessis, 2016)( Kitchin, 2017)(Maitland, Hills
and Rhind, 2015)(Pavalache-Ilie, 2014)(Pennington, 2014)(Toga, Khayundi
and Mjoli, 2014)(Yldız, and Şaylıkay,2014)