Organisational Behaviour Report: Culture, Politics, and Power Impact

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the impact of culture, politics, and power on individual and team performance within the context of A David & CO Limited. It examines how these factors influence employee behaviour and productivity, exploring the different types of power within an organisation, including legitimate, reward, referent, informational, and expert power. The report then assesses how process and content theories, such as Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Vroom's Expectancy Theory, are applied to achieve organisational goals and objectives, emphasizing the importance of employee motivation. Furthermore, the report discusses the elements that contribute to team effectiveness, providing a comprehensive overview of organisational dynamics and leadership principles.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1 ................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Analyse how culture, politics and power can influence individual and team behaviour and
performance ....................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2 ................................................................................................................................................5
P2 Assess how process & content theory attain goals and objectives of an organisation...............5
P3 Discuss what makes a team effective and ineffective................................................................7
TASK 4 ................................................................................................................................................8
P4 Apply various philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour in context of
organisation......................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................10
Books and Journals........................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organisational Behaviour is considered as a process in which the attitude and behaviour of a
person and group of person is analysed at workplace. In addition to this, there are different function
included in OB like how to monitor and control the behaviour of individual person. It helps in
boosting the profitability as well as productivity of business organisation. It includes various
organisational concern such as performance of subordinate, their rewards and incentives as well as
environment of the company (James, 2017). This report is carried upon A David & CO Limited. It
is one of the well reputed company which is located in Bristol, Somerset, UK. They provide wide
variety of products and services to its consumer in order to satisfy them. Along with this, it discuss
how power, politics and culture imposes direct impact on the activities and function of organisation.
In addition to this, they discuss about the different theories which is adopted by A David & CO
Limited that helps them in building healthy environment within workplace.
TASK 1
P1 Analyse how culture, politics and power can influence individual and team behaviour and
performance
Organisational Behaviour is described as a process in which the study and application of behaviour
of individual at workplace. They focuses on how the various politics, culture as well as power
imposes direct impact on the performance level of individual working within organisation (Kitchin,
2017).
. There are various ways of performing the different activities and functions in better way. In
addition to this, the supervisor of the company make effective strategy, policies as well as
procedure for accomplishing goal and objective within stipulated period of time. In context of
A David & CO Limited, it is one of the well established company of Bristol, Somerset, UK
which provide wide range of fresh fruits and vegetables to its user. Also they provide
manufacturing as well as distribution of fruits. They also offer healthy atmosphere to its staff
member for achieving the goal within given time period. The organisational politics, culture
and power which is going to be mentioned below:
Culture
There are various ways of working in different company at marketplace. In addition to this,
the business organisation comply the culture which imposes both favourable and adverse impact on
the performance of individual working within company. The employer of company offer healthy
atmosphere to its staff member in order to boost their motivation and satisfaction level. In assistance
to this, they treat fairly with all staff members working in the business organisation. On the other
hand, the manager of various company do not provide opportunity to its staff member to give their
opinion and ideas in front of supervisor (Jacobs and Manzi, 2019).

Also they do not take participation of employees in taking a decision which is beneficial for
company. Therefore, it affect the performance level of individual in negative manner. There are
various type of power in relation to A David & CO Limited which is discussed below:
Power Culture: It is necessary to comply rules and regulation by all staff member of the
company. In context of A David & CO Limited, there are few power which is provided to the
manager and subordinates of company in order to take effective decision.
Task Culture: Herein, the task and work is allotted to the member of team in order to
achieve goal and objective of organisation within targeted period of time.
Person Culture: In this culture, the individual person is determined as a superior and
beneficial for the business organisation.
Role Culture: In role culture, every individual person understand their role and
responsibilities to perform different function and activities prevailing within business organisation.
They follow the rigid structure (Alleyne, 2016).
It is essential for A David & CO Limited to offer the positive culture to its subordinate in order
enhance their performance level within business organisation. In addition to this, the manager must
give award and incentive to the individual for achieving the objective of the company.
Politics
Politics is one of the factor which arises in every business organisation. Due to politics, it is
not possible for the subordinate to perform their work in better way (Waterson, 2018). Therefore, it
is mandatory for the manager of company to avoid inner politics in order to achieve the goal and
objective within given time period. In context of A David & CO Limited, how the politics imposes
direct impact on the performance of individual which is going to be mentioned below:
Demotivation of employees: Sometime, the manager of company give rewards to the
individual who involved in the inner politics, it demotivate the hard working employees working in
the company.
Productivity is decreased: The individual person who take part in the internal politics does not
perform their work in better way. Therefore, it imposes the negative impact on the productivity of
company.
Ambience is spoiled: Organisational politics generate adverse atmosphere within workplace. It
is not possible for employees to accomplish objective and goal of business organisation.
In relation of A David & CO Limited, the manager focuses on eliminating the politics occur
at workplace. It helps in increasing the satisfaction and motivation level of employees working
within business organisation (Brankovic, 2018).
Power
This is the capability of an individual person to provide guidance to other person in order to
perform their work in well defined manner. In addition to this, the manager of company handle the
various activities and functions in relation to the marketing, HR, finance and operations etc. In
context of A David & CO Limited, the manager of this company have ability to influence the
employees towards accomplishing goal and objective of organisation. There are various power in
relation to A David & CO Limited which is going to be mentioned below:
Legitimate power: In this power, the supervisor have power to monitor and control the

structure of business organisation in better way.
Reward Power: As per this power, the manger give rewards and incentive to its employees
according to their performance within organisation.
Referent Power: This type of power attract the other individual person and maintain trust
and loyalty in them.
Informational Power: In this power, the person have a skill and knowledge that helps them
in collecting the effective information related to the strategies made by the competitive firm.
Expert Power: In Expert power, the person is expertise in particular field of business
organisation.
In relation to A David & CO Limited, the manager have a power to handle the activities and
functions of organisation in well defined manner. IN addition to this, they adopted the reward power
strategy in order to satisfy the employees towards their work.
TASK 2
P2 Assess how process & content theory attain goals and objectives of an organisation.
The employee motivation is considered as a process in which the level of ability, competence and
energy must be exist in the individual person of company (Gkorezis and Petridou, 2017). It is
important for the supervisor of company to encourage the subordinate towards accomplishing
objective in short span of time. In relation to A David & CO Limited, they deal in variety of
products such as fruits, vegetables and many more. Therefore, it is mandatory for manager to
motivate their employees in order to increase productivity and profitability level. In addition to this,
there various motivation theories which is given by the scholars as well as philosophers. This assists
in identifying the need and requirement of subordinates in order to satisfy them. There are two kind
of motivation like extrinsic as well as intrinsic motivation. The advantage of these motivation is to
offer friendly environment within workplace.
Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation
This kind of motivation comes from the inner
need of an individual person as well as they do
not put some addition efforts. The intrinsic
motivation is erratic but advantageous for the
company.
Whereas, extrinsic motivation comes from the
external forces. In order to motivate the
employees, it is necessary to give power, bonus,
status and many more.
Motivational Theories: There are different kind of motivational theory which is adopted by
company to encourage the employees towards their work. It is necessary to analyse the need and
wants of an individual person in order to satisfy them (Dunphy, 2016). In context of A David & CO
Limited, the manager of this company adopted the various motivational theories to assess the
behaviour of employees towards work which is going to mentioned below:

Maslow's Hierarchy Theory: This motivational theory is given by Abraham Maslow in the
year of 1950. There are five level included in this theory. At each stage, they focuses on satisfy the
basic need and wants of employees. In reference of A David & CO Limited, the manager focuses on
satisfying the need and requirement of staff member in order to encourage them towards achieving
goal and objective of the company. There are various level involved in Maslow’s theory which is
described below:
Physiological need: This is the basic level of Maslow need theory. It involves all the basic
needs which is necessary for the survival and maintenance of an individual person. The basic need
includes food, water, air and many more. In discourse to A David & CO Limited, the manager
emphasised on satisfying all the basic need of the employees that helps them in encouraging them
towards achieving goal and objective of organisation.
Safety & security Needs: It is necessary to fulfil the safety and security need of an individual
person. It includes job security, old age pension, medical benefits and many more. The satisfaction
of these need motivate the employees to perform their work in better way.
Social Needs: After fulfilling above mentioned need, it is necessary to satisfy the social need
of the employees. In reference of A David & CO Limited, the manager satisfy the social need of an
individual person in order to motivate them towards achieving goal and objective within given time
period (Svanberg and Öhman, 2016).
Esteem Needs: This need occurs when all the above given need of employees is satisfied. It
includes status, prestige, self respect and many more. In discourse of A David & CO Limited, the
supervisor provide appraisal to its subordinates in order to encourage them.
Self-Actualization Needs: In this stage, all the need and wants of an individual person is
fulfilled. The manager of A David & CO Limited focuses on satisfy all these need of the employees
working in the company.
Vroom's Expectancy Theory: This theory was founded by Victor Vroom in the year of 1964.
There are three kind of elements which involved in this theory:
Expectancy: As per this process, it is important for the employees to improve the quality of
performing work within organisation. If the subordinates ae not able to perform their task and
functions in an effective manner then it imposes the negative impact on the productivity of
company.
Instrumentality: In this process, the manager take participation of an individual person in
taking effective decision which is beneficial for the company.
Valence: In this process, it is necessary to identify the need and wants of employees working in the
A David & CO Limited. The manager of this company give rewards and incentives to its employees
according to their performance (Chinomona and Dhurup, 2016).
In relation of A David & CO Limited, the manager follow different motivational theories for
encouraging employees towards accomplishing goal and objective in pre-decided period of time.
Also, they offer rewards and incentive to its employees based on their performance.
TASK 3

P3 Discuss what makes a team effective and ineffective.
Team are considered as a group of person who perform their work together for
accomplishing the specific task in well defined manner. Through the existence of effective team, it
helps the company in boosting productivity as well as profitability level. In relation of A David &
CO Limited, the supervisor focuses on making effective team in order to accomplish objective
within given period of time. There are two king of team present at workplace ineffective and
effective team. The feature of both teams which is going to be discussed below:
Ineffective teams do not clarify their goal and objective. It result in increasing the issues
and conflicts arises within business organisation. On the other hand, Effective team have an idea
regarding their purpose and goal . They put some additional efforts to complete their task and work
in an effective manner which is advantageous for future growth and development of A David & CO
Limited.
Tuckman Theory of team development:
This theory was founded by Tuckman in the year of 1965. In the team, there are number of person
who are proficient in specific field. There are five level which included in this theory which is
mentioned below:
Forming- It is the first and foremost level for developing a team in an effective manner.
There are different task and work is given to an individual person in order to perform their work in
better way. There are various people belongs from the different culture and background work
together for boosting the profitability level.
Storming: In this level, the member of team provide guidance to each other relating to
performing the task. It create conflicts and grievance among the member working in as team.
Norming: In this stage, the team member perform their work based on the rules and values
in order to complete a project.
Performing: In this phase, it is necessary to have a high level skill and knowledge for
completing the project in better manner (Alvesson and Spicer, 2016).
Adjourning: This is the last stage of team development where the member of team get
separate from each other after completing the project in an effective manner.
Team development is an important element for completing the task and work in better way. The
team member focuses on performing their activities and functions within targeted period of time.
The supervisor of A David & CO Limited focuses on maintaining effective team to cooperate and
coordinate all activities and work in better way. It helps the manager of company in resolving the
conflicts arises within business organisation.
TASK 4
P4 Apply various philosophies and concepts of organisational behaviour in context of organisation.
Organisational behaviour is the interaction between the company and its subordinates. The
manager of the company focuses on identifying the attitude and behaviour of an individual person
working within organisation. It involves different elements like custom, value, tradition and many

more. In addition to this, the main purpose of manager is to encourage subordinates for performing
their work in better way. In relation to A David & CO Limited, they adopted some theories which is
going to be mentioned below:
Business Condition: In relation of A David & CO Limited, the current situation of the
company is not too good because there is a lack of communication among the employees which
imposes direct impact on the performance of company in adverse manner. Also, it creates conflicts
and grievances among the team member (Barzoki and Rezaei, 2017). Therefore, it is not possible
for company to accomplish goal and objective within given period of time. To tackle this situation
in better way, the manager adopt Path Goal Theory which is discussed below:
Path Goal Theory
Path Goal theory emphasised on identifying different style of leadership with the purpose of
accomplishing objective in short span of time. In reference of A David & CO Limited, the company
encourage subordinates towards boosting the productivity level.
Categorization of Path Goal Theory
Employee Characteristics: In relation of A David & CO Limited, the top manager enhance the
skill and capability regarding the need and requirement of subordinates in order to satisfy them
regularly. It create positive atmosphere within the business organisation for accomplishing objective
in targeted time period.
Environment and Task attributes: In this process, the manager of A David & CO Limited
focuses on assessing the issues and problems faced by the employees working in the organisation.
Also, they emphasised on resolving the conflicts and grievance among the employees in order to
create positive environment at workplace. Therefore, it helps in increasing the performance level of
employees working in the organisation.
Leadership Behaviour: At this level of Path Goal theory, the leader adopting the most
appropriate leadership style after identifying the attitude and behaviour of employees working in the
company. Through this process, the supervisor of A David & CO Limited can accomplish objective
in suitable way within given period of time. There are different type of leadership style which is
going to be mentioned below:
Achievement leadership style: In this style, the leader focuses on achieving goal and
objective within given period of time.
Participative Leadership style: In this kind of leadership style, the leader take participate of
employees in taking effective decision which is beneficial for the business organisation.
Supportive Leadership style: Herein, the leader provide support in performing their task and
activities in better way.
Directive Leadership Style: In this style, the leader provide direction to its employees on

how to boosting the productivity as well as profitability of business organisation.
In context of A David & CO Limited, the manager of this company adopt the participative
leadership style. They provide opportunities to its employees to take part in the decision making of
the business organisation. It increases their motivation level towards performing the work in better
way (Tamta and Rao, 2017).
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned topics, it has been analysed that the attitude and behaviour of an
individual person imposes direct impact on the performance of business organisation. In addition to
this, it is necessary to analyse the need and requirement of subordinate in order to create positive
environment in the company. Beside from this, there are different concepts and theories which is
adopted by the manager of organisation in order to satisfy the demand and requirements of
subordinates in better way. Through effective team, it is possible for company to execute their work
in an effective manner for accomplishing goal and objective in less period of time.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Culture (pp. 70-93). CRC Press.
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Dunphy, S., 2016. Using keywords to construct wuzzle-picture-puzzles for the purpose of mastering
management and organisational behaviour terminology. Behaviour & Information
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Svanberg, J. and Öhman, P., 2016. The effects of time budget pressure, organisational-professional
conflict, and organisational commitment on dysfunctional auditor behaviour. International Journal
of Accounting, Auditing and Performance Evaluation, 12(2), pp.131-150.
Chinomona, E. and Dhurup, M., 2016. The effects of organisational commitment and employee
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Alvesson, M. and Spicer, A., 2016. The stupidity paradox: The power and pitfalls of functional
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Brankovic, J., 2018. The status games they play: unpacking the dynamics of organisational status
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Tamta, V. and Rao, M. K., 2017. The effect of organisational justice on knowledge sharing
behaviour in public sector banks in India: mediating role of work engagement. International
Journal of Business Excellence, 12(1), pp.1-22.
Alleyne, P., 2016. The influence of organisational commitment and corporate ethical values on non-
public accountants’ whistle-blowing intentions in Barbados. Journal of Applied Accounting
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