Organisational Behaviour Report: Morrison's PLC Analysis

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the interplay of culture, politics, and power within an organisation, using Morrison's PLC as a case study. It explores how these elements influence employee motivation and team effectiveness. The report delves into the impact of culture, including power, task, role, and person cultures, and examines Hofstede's dimensions of culture. It further investigates the influences of organisational politics, encompassing personal, decisional, and structural changes. The report also evaluates the different forms of power, such as legitimate, reward, expert, referent, coercive, and informational power. Furthermore, the report critically assesses the relationship between culture, politics, power, and motivation in enabling team and organisational success, offering recommendations for improvement. The report also examines content and process theories of motivation, including Herzberg's two-factor theory and Victor Vroom's expectancy theory, and their application in motivating employees. Finally, it highlights the characteristics of effective and ineffective teams, applying concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour to provide a holistic understanding of workplace dynamics.

Organisational behaviour
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Table of Contents
Introduction .....................................................................................................................................3
Main Body.......................................................................................................................................3
Analyses how an organization's culture, politics and power influence .................................3
Critically evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that
enables teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations...............7
Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques ......7
Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.............................9
Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior..............................................12
Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................13
References .....................................................................................................................................14
Books & Journals.................................................................................................................14
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Introduction
Organisational behaviour is the study of human behaviour that include effective
understanding, prediction and control over the use of HR department within the organisation.
Most of the companies uses the specific concepts to apply on organisational behaviour within the
areas and manage the unpredictable elements for completing their basic studies in specified time.
In the changing environment, the use of organisational behaviour related to the expected
behaviour within the organisation. Mainly the organisation is related to understand the behaviour
of their employees who are performing in different activities and become the reason for their
growth (Abdulmuhsin, Zaker and Asad, 2021). Morrison is one of the best supermarket plc-
plays a significant role within the environment and make changes as per the need and growth
within the market and applied to the university. It was founded in 1899 and its headquartered is
in Bradford, UK. It is providing different products within the market that helps in managing and
analysing their services in food and drinks, clothing, petrol, books and CD's. This report includes
the analysis of influencing culture, politics and power on the behaviour of the respective
organisation. Furthermore, the process for motivating the employees of the company and
perform well at their workplace. In last, there are different various elements which are used by
the company to make a corporative work environment and various theories are discussed in this
report.
Main Body
Analyses how an organization's culture, politics and power influence
Organisational behaviour is the study, relates to the process of having people interaction
and their places which is helpful for generalising the interaction of employees to each others.
This is the process that affect the employee's performance and growth at their workplaces. With
the help of culture, power and politics the respective company can influencing different situation
and affect their individual and team members (Basu, 2021). In the context of Morrison's their
management team tried to analyse the systematic growth over the period and make proper
strategies for formulating their employee's performance and productivity. These three elements
are helpful for generating company performance and provide the growth within the organisation
at significant levels. These explained below:
Influences of Culture
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This is basically related to sharing values and growth of the managers and employees
within the organisation and it mainly focused on covered the assumptions, values and belief of
the organisational policies. It is basically used to make a strong competitive networking and
culture for the appropriate changes that work as relevant benefits to the workers and organisation
both. There are different situation that can be influenced by culture. Culture mainly embedded in
an individual, relationship and structure of the organisation in different manner.
Type of culture
 Power culture: Here, the power is hand over to the few people of the company. People
have the power decided the nature and complexity of the activities and make decisions.
 Task culture: In this, teams are formed to complete specific objectives or to address the
issue prevailing within the organisation.
 Role culture: This is affected through the nature and significance of the project and able
to analyse and present the view point to manage effective growth. Here, employee's needs
to know about the roles and responsibilities (Benuyenah, 2021).
 Person culture: Here, an individuals find themselves unique from the enterprises and
this may be related to an effective organisational perspective for the growth and
collection to individual work for the same enterprises.
Morrison use the role and task culture within their organisation as it is helpful for
achieving objective and make a clear communication platform for the significant growth in the
company.
Hofstede’s dimensions of culture
In order to use the different cultures and growth within the Morrison, it will be helpful for
culture-difference theory. This culture model is basically helpful for managing the degree and
understand effectively:
 Power Distance Index: This reflect the degree of inequality in between the employees
with or without the power. Once the company analyse the changes with high power
degree then they can use centralised culture whereas low power considered the equality
within the employees. Morrison use low power index that help in equality within their
employees.
 Collectivism vs. Individualism: Here, the societies are integrated into the major section
of groups and perceived the dependence on the groups. As per the names suggest,
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individualism refers to the personal goals whereas collectivism refers to the completion
of team goals (Daei and et.al., 2021). Here, Morrison focus on the collectivism approach
for considering effective growth in order to apply on company's goals.
 Uncertainty Avoidance Index: This is related to the extent which uncertainty and
ambiguity are tolerated by the employees of the organisation in an effective manner.
Morrison use to decline their avoidance and reduce the uncertainty in the external and
internal environment.
 Femininity vs. Masculinity: This is basically related to tough and tender, this is
considered by the chosen organisation for the growth of society and their behaviour in
market. So they are using femininity model in their organisation.
 Short-Term vs. Long-Term Orientation: Long term perspective show the focus on
future growth and involve short term success. Short term shows the near future or
gratification on the basis of present future tendencies. Company focus on achieving short
term goals as these help to gain long terms goals.
 Restraint vs. Indulgence: This is related to make an extent and tendency for the growth
of society for fulfil their desire in significant manner. Indulgence allow the gratification
whereas, restraints show the hold within gratification.
Influences of politics
The meaning of organisational politics is basically referred to the situation that associated
with an individuals for the growth of an organisation. Further the changing policies affect the
politics environment of the company. In Morrison's these politics factor influence the growth to
analyse their performance and make suitability to increase different challenges and staff turnover
issues at their workplaces (Jacobs and et.al., 2021). This sector relates to the organisational
change that may influence the politics behaviour of the company.
Personal change Decisional
change
Structural
change
Organisational
change
Meaning This change
happen when the
company alter
their experiences
It is related to the
normal business
operations and
adjust within the
The change in the
organisational
structural changes
make an impact
This is related to
the large scale
organisation
transformation
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hyper growth.
Furthermore they
significantly
change the
personal
engagement of
the employee.
business firms to
achieve the
company's goal in
significant time
period.
on the hierarchy,
authority, goals
and process for
considering the
major changes in
management
system.
that actually
affect the growth
of the company.
Types This is the type
that show
significant
changes in
different
fundamental
approaches.
This is the global
activities that
affect the growth
and make
important policies
in the appropriate
time period.
This is the simple
and implementing
policies that
affect the politics
of the company.
This requires the
wide changes and
demand of the
organisational
changes related to
positive and
negative.
Influences of power
This is basically related to the ability that influence other people and complete their
sections to known as power. This may be refers to analyse the capacity influence the powers and
workforce ability to complete their resources on appropriate ways.
The different forms of power comes with French and Raven's five form of power:
The use of power within Morrisons is basically helpful for leading leadership and ability
to make different exercise to influence the control over the others. In order to achieve long terms
and short terms goals, the company is associated with using leading different sources of power:
 Legitimate: This factor comes form the belief to make a formal right structure and make
a demand to appreciate the changes and make a compliment and obedient sources.
 Reward: The result is one of the effective sources from the person's ability to
compensate with different factors.
 Expert: This is related to the person's skills and knowledge.
 Referent: This is basically helpful for analysing person's perceived attractiveness,
worthiness and right to use the other's respect on time (Mapuranga and et.al., 2021).
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 Coercive: This is related to the situation when a person who is from higher authority may
punish the others for their non-compliance.
 Informational: This is basically from a person's ability for control on the data that other
would be needed to accomplish the task or activity.
These all stages of power is used by the Morrison's management team by analysing
effective growth and make significant adaptability within the market. With the help of the above
mentioned stages, company can control the behaviour of their team and use appropriate strategies
in significant manner.
Critically evaluate the relationship between culture, politics, power and motivation that enables
teams and organisations to succeed providing justified recommendations
Within the team and organisation, culture, politics, power and motivation play a
significant role for succeeding the team role within an organisation. Power give the motivation
for working in an organisation, culture gives the politics free environment within the
organisation. Whereas, motivation gives the strength to employees for working in an effective
and appropriate team members. For example, in order to become an effective team, it is analysed
for established a clear goal and objectives in the organisation for the growth of the company.
Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
Motivation is an internal and external process that developed the interest and desire of an
organisation to make continually a job and desire to achieve the effective goals. There are two
main type of motivation are explained:
 Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: Intrinsic motivation refers to the situation when
motivation is affected through the internal rewards and process. Whereas, extrinsic
motivation involves the task which comes from outside. This is helpful for analysing the
situation within the Morrison and make sure for completing effective sources to manage
data in significant manners.
Use of motivational theories
Content theory of motivation
Herzberg theory of motivation is related to work in significant process with the two basic
factors Hygiene and Motivating factors. This is related to content theory of motivation which
show the satisfaction and dissatisfaction in work that are created by the work environment
(Muisyo and et.al., 2021).
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 Hygiene power: This power related to people who are dissatisfied and prerequisites for
completing the role of effective and satisfied people. There are different factors like work
environment, safety and security at their effective workplaces that may create
dissatisfaction with their jobs.
 Motivating power: This factor is basically helpful for make a power or influence the
culture to highly satisfied the worker in significant manner. Morrison use the effective
motivating factors to satisfied their working environment related to achievement,
recognition, advancement and empowerment for interesting work culture.
With the use of this theory, managers of the Morrison are able to encourage their
employees and tried to complete their assigned task on the daily basis. As it will be helpful for
the company to make believe for work hard and do smarter activities. This help in boosting the
motivation of Morrison's employees while facing the issue of pandemic.
Process theory of motivation
Victor process of the motivation is helpful for completing expectation in the environment
and complete about the use of future activities in significant manner. This is very important to
make rewards for the use of extrinsic and intrinsic values (Richards, 2021). This model
significantly includes the three main stages that include Valence, Expectancy and
instrumentality.
 Valence: Valance is the degree that helps in managing significant aspects for analysing
the values and completing rewards, result and success of the organisation. This is related
to factors which show the achievable potentials to make a significant change that are
associated with specific results and values.
 Expectancy: This is related to the employee's performance for getting additional benefits
to achieve the targets of analysing behaviour and growth. This is basically related to
individual efforts to achieve the goals in significant manner. The employee's performance
work shown in the form of better performance management.
 Instrumentality: This is basically related to achieve a connection in between the
activities and goals. Employees needed to be work hard and achieve all their desired
connection for the growth of customers in significant manner and achieve behavioural
outcome to achieve rewards (Sammarra and et.al., 2021).
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Victor vroom theory help the employees and manager of the Morrison for analysing the
situation and motivate their employees on the major perception and growth. As this theory make
the changes in management and maximize employee's benefits and minimize the pain.
Implication of motivation theories on the leadership and management style of Morrison
Within the organisation, it is very important to motivate the employees and study the
organisational behaviour to set goals and achieve targets. There are different content and process
theories that help the organisation to achieve successful organisational growth. Within the
Morrison, for motivating the employees it is essential to use right motivational theory
(Stankevičiūtė, Staniškienė and Ramanauskaitė, 2021). With the help of these theories,
employees are able to complete their primary and secondary objectives for the longer period.
Morrison's managers use Vroom's and Herzberg theory for motivating their employees and make
more appropriate growth within the enviornment. This may be related to the emotional
intelligence and its importance of the soft skills that are related to managers.
Emotional intelligence: Emotional intelligence is known as the ability of an individual
to work and understand the basic features for using appropriate team, use and manage the data
with epochal emotions thorugh positive ways. In other words, this can be defined as to known
about the own and other's feelings.
Importance of soft skills for the use of managers and teams: There are different type
of soft and hard skills which are used by managers and teams in an organisation. Soft skills are
those that are essential and arise value for the growth. All is helpful for generalising positive
attitude, flexibility and make a communication channel for developing skilled workers. The
mangers are able to use soft skills for make a meaningful interaction with others. Further, they
help the employees for analysing the employability skills and achieve their goals in momentous
aspects.
Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
A team is the group of an individual that are related to achieve a common goals and make
a target to achieve the team goal. Team can be effective and ineffective on the standards of
effective performance and abilities. There are different type of skills which are needed to be
explained on the basis of management.
 Functional team: This is known as permanent team, as they are having the same number
of employees with different responsibilities. This is one of the typical and top to down
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bottom approaches in the organisations perspective (Vázquez-Rodríguez and et.al.,
2021).
 Problem-solving team: This is related to those teams that usually created to solve the
problem arises within the organisation. Their main task is to overcome the problem and
send the best possible solutions for analysing the situation in an effective manner.
Morrison mostly created this type of teams and try to overcome the challenges facing by
the company.
 Projects team: This team is created by the individuals for performing the task until the
completion of the project. Afterwards, the group for dissolving as they achieve their
objectives.
The impact of technology on organisational teams: This is basically related to the
organisational development in Morrison for getting up gradation in an organisation. It will be
helpful for most challenging and an appropriate world for addressing issues and make better
communication in order to build the team. With the help of virtual team development and
networking is basically helpful for enhancing the team management and achieve the standards.
Tuckman's team development theory:
There are five stages that make a significant growth for team development and provides
the mode of management to construct to meet the team objectives in significant manner. This
theory is used by Morrison as it will be helpful for realizing the stage and make practice for the
use of group formation and need to analyse the linear process (Xu, 2021).
 Forming: In this team is formed and make everyone for showing their best behaviour
and manage as per the growth analyse the behaviour and make a polite behaviour. With
the help of strong guidelines and facilitators the group of the company is helpful for
analysing the defined goals and setting targets.
 Storming: Here, the conflicts occur within the team members and the most needed thing
by the employer is basically related to proper guidelines.
 Norming: In this stage, team members start to resolve the differences and appreciate the
colleague's strength and respect for the leader's authority. This stage is related to overlap
for storming stage.
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 Performing: This is the stage that is helpful get practical implication and implement
their skills and knowledge. It will be helpful for analysing performance and make
effective changes as per the performing activities in an authenticate manner. Adjourning: This is the last stage of the theory, here the actual performance of the team
comes into the light and show effectiveness of the team members in an effective way
(Bhupendra and Sangle, 2021).
Belbin's typology:
This theory show the main 9 stages for playing an important role to provide to support the
team building. The major strength of this theory is applicable to analyzing the role at morrison's
workplace and communicate effectively, this theory has been used:
Action oriented role:
 Shaper: The individual who have maximum responsibilities and have power to build and
control the project in an effective manner.
 Implementer: Those people who have the responsibilities to getting things done and
analyses the idea's and concepts to make into practice in significant manner.
 Complete-finisher: They are the one who see the project and it may be completed
thoroughly. This may be related to ensuring within the project of no errors and omissions
and pay attention on the smallest details of the project (Chen and et.al., 2021).
People oriented role:
 Coordinator: One who take all the traditional team leaders role and make referred as to
the chairmen and perceive the objectives.
 Team Worker: They are the one who provide a support to the team workers and make
sure that team are working together.
 Resource Investigator: They are very innovative and curious for exploring the available
options, developed contracts and negotiate on the behalf of team workers.
Thought oriented role:
 Plant: They are the one who are very creative and make new ideas and approaches and
try to get relevant skills for developing a healthy and longer relationship.
 Monitor Evaluator: They are best at analyzing the options that other people comes up
with. All of these are helpful for generating effective sources in an effective manner.
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 Specialist: These are the people who have gained some specialized knowledge that are
needed to turn the task done (Lamprinou, Tasoulis and Kravariti, 2021).
Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior
Organizational behavior includes some effective fundamental concepts which are related
to the people and their organization. Some of them are having difference in the individuals,
create a whole person, organization with the use of social system and having a holistic
organizational behavior. Some of the organizational philosophies are autocratic, custodial,
supportive and the use of system within an organization. There are different business ethics and
situation that can be related to the growth and significance of the management system. There are
different philosophies and concepts that are helpful for generalising the statement and used by
the Morrison's manager for addressing the philosophies and manage their organisations
behaviour. Two theories are explain for analysing the statement and manage appropriate
outcome;
1. Path Goal Theory
This theory explain that the leader's theory is more specific and make contingent
approaches for analysing the conditions and make effective motivation, performance and growth
within their employees. Main three parts of the theory are;
 Employee characteristics: Here, the employees interpret the leaders and make behaviour
on their needs and level of control. It will be helpful for make an understanding in
between the employer and employees of Morrison.
 Task and environmental characteristic: Overcoming the Morrison's obstacle are the
main reason for choosing this leadership approaches. There are different perspective that
are related to culture, political and power of the respected organisation and make
importance of organisational perspective. Leaders of Morrison are able to use this stage
for resolving the environment include supportive, participative and directive
organisational behaviour (Hoonsopon and Puriwat, 2021).
 Leadership behaviour or style: This is the third stage of the organisation, as it will be
helpful for analysing the situation and make effective leadership for analysing the best
direction and motivation within the employees. The leaders of the Morrison, are using
supportive leadership approach that is helpful for generalising the statement and help
their employees in an effective ways.
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