Report: Organisational Behaviour, Culture, and Motivation at 4Com PLC

This academic report provides a detailed analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on its practical application within 4Com PLC, a telecommunications company. The report examines how organisational culture, politics, and power influence individual performance and team behaviour, highlighting the importance of a positive working environment and effective leadership. It delves into the role of process and content theories of motivation, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs, in enhancing employee confidence and productivity. Furthermore, the report differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, emphasizing the adoption of task and power cultures to improve productivity. By exploring these concepts, the report aims to provide insights into how organisational behaviour impacts day-to-day business operations and contributes to the overall success of 4Com PLC.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Part 1................................................................................................................................................3
P1 How Organization culture, politics and power influence individual performance and team
behavior...........................................................................................................................................3
P2 Role of process and content theories of motivation in the business.........................................6
Part 2................................................................................................................................................9
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team...............................9
P4 Use concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior within the organisation context..11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................14

INTRODUCTION
The behaviour of organisational contains actual practical application of human behaviour.
With reference to organisation, it will lead to cover more strong interference within human
nature of diversifies employee in company working environment. The ultimate purpose of
organisational behaviour in order to ensure optimum model of organisation so that it will uplift
high level of working condition in lifecycle of organisation. This is mainly associated with
human behaviour in order to recognise optimum nature as well as knowledge during workforce
management (Waititu, 2020). Here company can recognise culture, technology, working
environment and structure to deliver more benefits of company. Through proper implementation
of motivation theory can improve the level of organisational behaviour so that employee will
deliver its maximum potential value. The ultimate elements of complex nature in company refers
as human element. The academic report involves some sort of organisational culture that enhance
individual performance along with team building. That is why there is great role of motivational
theory in business to boost confidence of employee. The effective team can raise more profit of
company and that can be done with help of suitable motivational theory. With the proper
assessment of organisational behaviour leads to include behaviour of employee within
organisation (Medalia, 2020). It is very essential to examine organisational behaviour is it has
great affect or highly influenced with day to day operations in business. The chosen organisation
in this report is 4Com PLC. The 4Com PLC is established in 2008 that deals in telephone, voice
or data service of communication. The company deliver its services in parts of UK. The report
aims to cover how organisation;s politics, culture and power gets affected by workforce
behaviour along with performance. The report involves theories and techniques of motivation to
ensure effective achievement of goal. It facilitates what make effective team as ineffective. The
report highlight overall philosophies with reference to organisational behaviour through the
respective situation of business (Gong, 2020).
Part 1
P1 How Organization culture, politics and power influence individual performance and team
behavior
Power, culture and politics are the main factors in the organization. an environment where
employees perform under the obligation and duties. Working culture should be friendly so that

chances of conflicts can be reduced and workload can be reduced in the business. it helps in
enhancing the services of the business due to which profitability of the business also gets
enhanced in the economy. if conflicts will occur in the business then it will affect the
performance of the company in the marketplace. 4 com plc follows an proper working culture in
which all the staff members are focused for the achievement of the goals. They want to enhance
their company position in the market so that people can attract easily towards the services of the
business. team leaders in 4com plc provides the proper guidance to their employees so that their
perform their assign task more effectively so that revenue of the business can be increased as
compared to other businesses. Proper guidance in the company helps in motivating the
employees which will increase their efficiency towards the work. Developing a healthy working
culture create a discipline in the organization which will helps in improving the quality of goods
which they are providing to the customers. Positive organization culture helps in proving the
competitive advantage to the business in the economy due to which long term survival of the
company will take place (Malik, 2020).
Power in the organization should be given in the right hand so that performance of the company
cannot get affected. If the power will go in the wrong hand then it will create chances of conflict
in the business. Generally managers at the higher position discriminate among the employees
because of the power they have which further create dispute in the organization which can affect
the profit of the company. If the power will be given in the wrong hand then various promotion
will be done on the basis of the relations which the employees have with their managers due to
which well deserving employees will not get the growth opportunities in the business. If the less
experience employees will get promoted to the higher level then management in the company
will also get destroyed due to which company will not able to satisfy the needs of the customers
in the marketplace which will give the advantage to the other companies in the marketplace.
4com plc recruit the managers as per the skills they have so that discrimination cannot take place
in the company and equal opportunities can be given to the employees which will helps in
manufacturing the best quality goods and services in the business (Putra, 2020).
Politics is basically an inappropriate activity which take place in the company. Individual at
higher position mainly play these activities by formulating different schemes. The main motive
behind this is to get promotion by attracting the attention of the people but it can create stress and
conflicts in the business due to which people will not be able perform effectively in the

workplace. if employees will not get the motivation from their team members and leaders then
they will force to leave the organization which can affect the business. managers of 4com
analyze the performance of the business so that inappropriate activities cannot take place.
HR department of the company consider Handy model in the company:
As per this model various types of culture are there in the business which influence team
behavior, individual and performance.
 Power culture: In this centralized decision making is done as power is in hand of small
group of people who are high position due to which decision are made easily without
taking much time. Disadvantage of this culture is employees and other staff members
have to fulfill all the duties which is given by their heads they cannot involve themselves
in the instruction given by the higher authority which can affect the growth of the
employees in the business as they cannot present their views infront of the managers and
leaders. In 4com plc if centralized power culture will be followed then it will demotivate
the employees because employer create various policies to get benefits which can further
affect the will power of the staff members.
 Person culture: In this all the rights are given to the workforce due to which employees
do not focus on their duties and visit to different sites for earning money. In 4com plc
managers give several rights to their employees which further enhances the performance.
Giving the right to the employees help in improving their skills which in future help in
developing the career of the individual (Halpern, 2021).
 Task culture: To achieve the targets of the business company forms different group of the
employees so that ideas and be shared effectively and innovation in the business can get
place. One leader is assigned for the particular team so that proper guidance can be given
to the team members. In the team 4-5 people should be present so that better strategies
can be formulated to achieve the targets. 4com plc should adopt this culture so that their
productivity can be enhanced in the marketplace and profit of the business can also get
increased. Working in a teams helps in creating innovating techniques so that various
activities can be performed on that basis.
 Role culture: In the organization work is allotted to the employees as per the skills and
experience they have so that they can give their best in the company. This culture helps in
developing the skills and confidence of the employees as they have got the work on the

basis of the knowledge they have. If the task will be performed in groups then it will
helps in gaining the competitive advantage in the marketplace.
Power and task culture should be followed by 4com as these cultures are beneficial as proper
decision making and team work will help in improving the overall services of the company in the
economy.
Influence of politics and power on individual, performance and team behavior are mentioned
below:
Power: various types of power are there in the business which affect the individual like positive
power and negative power. Positive power helps in building a healthy relation with the
employees in the company whereas negative power creates conflicts in the business. For
examples: positive power is used in 4com plc which is reward power basically it helps in
motivating the employees towards the services of the company in the marketplace.
Politics: It is an informal activities which takes place in the business to increase the profit of the
business or to get higher post. In 4com plc it is used to influence the employees so that they can
perform better. But it also create scarcity in resources which develops competitions in employees
managers should provide proper information to the staff so that negative effect of politics cannot
take place. For example: In 4com individuals get various information through politics which
helps in planning its activities accordingly.
P2 Role of process and content theories of motivation in the business
Motivation in the individual helps in accomplishing the desire goals as it enhances the
confidence level of the individual. In 4com plc Leaders and supervisors should inspire and
motivate their employees towards the targets which they want to achieve. Human resource
managers should try to reduce the issues and problems between the workforce so that they can
work in the positive environment. In the workplace there are various issues will gets developed
among the management and the workforce while performing the assigned task which can provide
on the services of the company due to which fixing the issues on time is very important for the
company to achieve success. Motivation enhances the quality of the work which is done by the
employees in the business (Liu, 2020).
Content theory
This theory is also considered as need theory as it is related with the need and requirement of the
workforce. Content theory involves Maslow need hierarchy which is given below:

Maslows hierarchy of needs: Abraham Maslow who is an American psychologist developed this
theory in the year 1940 and 1950. Five level were given by him in this model which describe the
common needs of the individual. The given needs should be fulfilled by the business to motivate
their staff members.
 Physiological needs: it involves the basic requirement of the individual which is food,
shelter, water etc. Without satisfying these requirement individual cannot function
properly. 4com plc should to analyse the requirement of the employees so that there basic
needs can be satisfied properly. if these needs are not fulfilled then organisation should
provide the appropriate wages to the workforce so that there physiological needs can be
fulfilled properly, this will develop satisfaction in employees.
 Safety and security: safety from various infections and diseases, protection of human
personal, sudden injuries etc are involved in this factor. Organisation should provide all
the safety measures to the employees so that they can perform in the safe environment.
Company should give the latest equipment to the employee and also train them regarding
the use of the equipment so that they cannot face any issue while using it. In the every
business there are chances of injuries due to the manufacturing and other services which
they provide to the customer so while working any incident can take place. If the
employees will feel safe then it will automatically influence them towards the work
(Aderibigbe, 2021).
 Belongingness and love: Providing the friendly environment to the workforce helps in
improving the services of the company. because if the proper working environment will
be given to the employees it will create a sense of belongingness in the employees which
will reflect in the work which they will perform. Involving the employees while making
decision will develop a motivational factor in the employees. Managers should
communicate with their employees so that if they are facing any issue in the business
they can easily share it with the subordinate.
 Esteem: Treating the employees with respect helps in providing job satisfaction in
employees. If the employees will not get respect in the business then it will develop
depression in the employees which will increase the employees turnover rate in the
company. self esteem is important for encouraging the employees. Providing the

appraisal to the employees will helps in providing them growth opportunities which will
influence the other staff members also.
 Self-actualization: It is basically related with the growth of the individual in the
marketplace. Improving the skills of the employees will helps in developing their
confidence and knowledge due to which they will perform every task more effectively in
the business.
Process theory of motivation
This theory is different as compared to content theory it shows how and why motivation get
developed. Various philosophies of this theory are given below:
 Equity theory: according to this theory every employees in the business has to right to get
equal treatment. In context to 4com the managers and leaders treat their employees on
equal level without discriminating among them. If the business will do discrimination on
the basis of the cast, sex, colour, religion then it can affect the feeling and sentiment if the
worker which can affect the sustainability of the business in the marketplace as
employees will not be able to give their best.
 Goal setting theory: if the goals of the business will be set in advance then it will provide
the right direction to the employee which will helps in achieving success in future. 4com
plc plan their goals and provide the guidance to the employees so that they can perform
on the basis of the assigned goals. It increased the productivity of the business as
employees will be focused more towards the targets which they have to achieve
(Davidsen, 2020).
There are different other philosophies also which is given by the scholar that 4com plc
should use like self-efficiency theory, theory of reinforcement etc. It will helps in influencing
the employees. Inspired employees will try to give their best so that objective of the company
can be achieved in the effective manner.

Part 2
P3 Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.
Tuckman team development model should be used by 4com plc for developing an effective
team. This model guides some stages through which effective team can be made easily. These
steps should be used by the mangers and leaders of the company.
 Forming: it is the initial stage in this roles and responsibility are not clear. It is the
responsibility of the employer to allot the task to the employees so that issues cannot take
place and work can be completed effectively. employees performs their task daily along
with the other team members due to which good relationship among the team members
takes place.
 Storming: In employees will work in a team then there are chances of conflicts because
each employees have different ideas. Supervisors of 4com plc should fix the issues
among the employees so that environment of the company cannot get affected. In the
decision making process employees tries to prove them better as compared to other
employees through the skills and talent they have.
 Norming: Duties and role of every employees are explained properly under this stage so
that confusion cannot take place. Managers of the 4com plc should appraise their
employees for the performance which will influence them to work more effectively in the
company.
 Performing: In this stage the whole unit of the company is ready to perform on the basis
of the strategies which are been planned. Mentors of the team influence their employees
to give their 100% in the assigned task so that at last goals of the company can be
achieved (Listova, 2020).
 Adjourning: It is basically the closing stage. In which all workers have completed the
assigned task now it is responsibility of the leaders to ensure and check whether the
assigned task are completed with the quality or not. After the work has been checked by
the unit leaders then it is transferred to the managers. If the fault in found then various
improvement is done under this after that it is delivered to the user.

Benefits of working in a team
 It helps in developing creativity in the team members so that they can perform more
effectively in the business.
 It also helps in resolving conflicts in the business so that healthy working environment
can be created.
 Working in a team also helps in creating a proper management in the business which
enhance the services of the business in the marketplace.
For making effective team belbin’s typology is used in this typology nine roles for a team is
proposed and three action groups are catergorised.
Action oriented roles :
 Sharper: These are the individual which gives the challenges to a particular group which
helps in improving their performance by going the difficult situation.
 Implementor: These are the worker who are liable for strategies implementation they
mainly transfer schemes and convert the workforce to perform the actions practically.
 CF: It generally stands for complete finisher. They check the project which is completely
prepared. If in case any error is found then it is immediately reported to the leaders so
that errors can be improved and cannot get repeated again (Maslaric, 2020).
People oriented :
 Coordinator: these are the people who plays an important role in the business they are
also known as chairman of the company. they basically provide the proper guidance to
the employees in case of any issues. They try to coordinate with the workers so that tem
members cannot face any issue in the difficult situation if they face any sort of issues then
they easily contact with the coordinator.
 Team workers: They usually perform under the group for achieving the task. They are
flexible and diplomatic in nature and act as a negotiator.
 Resource investigators: there are people who are curious an creative in nature they make
innovational schemes. These identify whether proper resources are there in the company
or not so that services of the company cannot get affected. they allocate the resources
properly to the team so that they can perform more effectively.
Thought oriented roles :

 Monitor: There are basically the people who take final decision by analysing the negative
and positive side of each schemes. So that better decision making can take place without
affecting the performance of the company. they judge the ideas which is given by the
others.
 Specialist: This position is given to the people who are experienced in the specific field.
They have the deep education and knowledge about the particular task. They provide the
proper opinion to the workers on the task which they are performing so that chances of
mistakes can be eliminated and better services can be given to the customers.
 Plant: they are considered as innovators of the business they mainly provides the action
plan and new ideas to the team members. They are also a risk taker because they are one
who present the strategies first (Pham, 2020).
An effective team in this context is the one in which every employees is motivated towards the
goals of which they have to achieve. They should also be effective in their knowledge and skills
which they have if the team is having these capabilities then it is termed as effective team.
Therefore, the above mentioned theories should be applied by the 4com plc for developing
effectiveness among the teams it will also helps in increasing productivity of the business in the
economy. because if the team will not perform effective then company will not be able to
achieve success in the business due to which company will not be able to achieve growth in the
future. Ineffective team members creates various issues in the business due to which company
cannot be able to achieve profit in the business. developing an effective team helps in providing
the competitive advantage to the organisation.
P4 Use concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior within the organisation context
In respect to know the outsets of organisational behaviour that might focuses on particular
viewpoints that are as follows –
Path goal theory - Such model is entirely founded by stipulating manners or behaviours of
managers that might suitable it as per to the performance of their candidates and working
adjacent. The basic set of the aim is to maximise the present sections of encouragement,
gratification and authorisation of candidates. Hence, they subsidise in achieving their targets of
management as effectively and efficiently. As per to this philosophy, there are usually four
leadership actions that are as follows –

 Achievement– orientated behaviour – Managers of such manner of the behaviour are
frequently established their purposes for particular side and trial them for challenging the
same sections in the business. If the determination of connections is not get achieved
then, they will offers efficient exercise and growth meetings to them so that suitable
consequence might be attained (Hashim, 2020).
 Supportive leader behaviour – Such individual worries with the emotional subjects
happening in the work place. It will get unfulfilled and unhappy staffs’ by carrying
stimulating discourse to them. The main motive of manner of the managers is to decrease
the stage of pressure and prevention from functioning settings.
 Directive path goal clarifying behaviour – The manner of heads that are having
purpose to decrease the worries concerning sections of work. Hence, counsellor normally
explain preparation and judgement that are related with work and suppose to get
consequence as before assigned limit set of time.
 Participative leader behaviour – As per to the manner, managers utilised to refer with
their connections while captivating any decisions. In the manner of the stimulate labours
and by such manner they will be prouder on themselves by involving their appreciated
views for growth of business of management.
As it require to focuses on the above stated behaviours of the team leaders and attempt to appoint
an appropriate team leader who might direct whole labours as properly by seeing all subjects
either it is allied with management that are as follows –
 Social capital theory – As the company might also pay consideration on societal
principal philosophy. As per to the manner, in this viewpoint, societal relationship is
needed to be formed with task – services. As there are capitals like faith, loyalty, values,
system of management that are mannered into thought by official individual of
management. Managers are accountable to uphold the dignity of societal relative by
indorsing co-operating, varied and bartering situation. It will helps in involving carefully
with workforces as containers attempts to uphold improved relationship with them. As
per to it, misperceptions happened in staffs is obligatory to be removed and misgivings
might contribute bad consequences in footings of output.