Organisational Behaviour Report: Spatial PLC and Motivational Theories

This report delves into the multifaceted realm of organisational behaviour, examining its influence on individual and team performance within the context of Spatial PLC. The report meticulously analyzes the impact of organisational culture and politics, highlighting their effects on employee behaviour and productivity. It further explores motivational theories, including content and process theories like Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Porter and Lawler's model, to understand how organisations can effectively achieve their goals. The report contrasts effective and ineffective teams, identifying key characteristics such as communication and clear objectives, and applies these concepts to real-world business situations. Finally, it examines the role of leadership in leveraging power positively and negatively within an organisation, providing a comprehensive overview of organisational behaviour principles.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1) Influence of organization culture, politics on individual and team performance-................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2) Effective achievement of goals in an organization by the use of content or motivational
theories and techniques-..............................................................................................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P3) Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team-...............................................................6
P4) Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within a spatial plc and
business situation-.......................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organizational Behaviour is the important part of organization to analyse, identify the
knowledge of application in the organization (Arnold, Fletcher and Daniels, 2017). This is the
best way to build an effective relationship with the people and it covers the wide range of areas
like human behaviour, leadership quality, group and behaviour, development and training,
change the management etc. The main objective of organization to easily understand the factor
which influence the dynamic group in the organization.
Spatial plc is a leading organization to expand their business across the world. This
organization is based on IT industry to use new technology to improve the performance of
employee. Report will be explain the impact of organizational culture, politics on individual
performance. This report will discuss about the different type of motivational techniques which
is helpful for achieving their goals and objectives. This report will discuss about the important
concept in the Business situations and conditions of organization.
TASK 1
P1. Influence of organization culture, politics on individual and team performance-
Influence of organization culture on individual behaviour and performance
Organizational culture provides a workspace with respect to the behaviour of employees at their
workstation. Relaying on the culture types that is developed in an organization, it might have
positive or negative effect on individual performance and behaviour. Culture of an organization
where individual is considered as an internal part of organizational growth process and
individual dedication towards the organization's goals (Balwant, 2018).
In healthy organizational culture, an individual feels that seniors and mangers take care
about happiness and think about their requirements for organization's revenue. Spatial, plc
individual feel happy because of bosses caring nature, they work more effectively and always
try to give their best performance.
This kind of behaviour helps to build an individual’s vision towards company and set
higher expectations, which have positive waves. However, building a positive organizational
culture is not easy. Managers need to implement planning to accomplish a positive
organizational culture to increase the performance level of individuals and create good behaviour
towards other employees and organization's goals.
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Influence of organization politics on individual behaviour and performance
Decrease in overall productivity-
 Organization politics lowers an individual output and affects the productivity of
organization.
 An observation on employees says that an individual who create political environment at
workstation less performer of the organization
 Such line of individual usually spends working hours criticizing their colleagues; they are
more interested in trolling and backbiting (urnes and Hughes, 2018).
 Result of politics at workstation, individual fail to accomplish their goals within the time
imitated and organization performance decrease because of this political environment..
Affects concentration
 Individual finds more difficulty in concentrating on their performance. They always try to
ruin other employees’ image in front of boss. 1spatial,plc performance is the result of its
political organizational environment.
 An individual who involved in politics at work place is made more mistakes compare to
others employees of organization.
Spoils the ambience
 A political working environment is a negative environment for organization.
 Political environment spoil the personal relations in the organization. This kind of
behaviour do not like by others. Spatial, plc's political environment create negative waves
in the organization.
Increases stress
 Because of political environment spatial, plc employees cannot trust each other and this
increases stress and decreases organization’s overall performance.
 An Individual is not a machine who can work continuously without taking any breaks.
Coordinating working environment creates a peaceful atmosphere (Burrell and Morgan,
2017).
Demotivated individual
 Politics at work place demotivated an individual to perform better. A non-performer
never comes out from bad performance.
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 A good performer feels demotivated when they do not get any rewards for their
performance and a non-performer gets politics benefits.
 Employees of spatial, plc play politics like leg pulling of others employees and try to
impress managers.
Influence of organization power on individual
Leader or manager of an organization can use their power in positive and negative way.
Positive power-
 Encourage productivity- Positive power in spatial, plc can increase individual as well as
organization’s productivity. Employees come to know their responsibilities towards the
organization and makes efforts to achieve goals.
 Reward employees- This positive power includes give the reward and gifts to
employees for their hard performance. It gives employees power to make decisions and
take actions against inappropriate situations. Manager can promote employees as
supervisor and observe their' performance.
 Motivate employee- Right use of power motivate employee to do their work more
efficiently and work hard to accomplish predefined targets. Retention rate of employees
in an organization are the highest when employees work together and express their
thoughts and ideas (Elsmore, 2017).
Negative power-
 Threat to performance- Misuse of power by managers is that they threatening employee
to perform. Employees must perform jobs otherwise they get fired from job.
 Decrease the quality- Negative use of power demotivated employees; they adopt a
negative nature and start to avoid job responsibilities. Spatial Plc managers use their
power to threaten employees that decrease their performance and ready to leave their job.
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TASK 2
P2) Effective achievement of goals in an organization by the use of content or motivational
theories and techniques-
The content theories are to be the earliest theories of motivation and in the organization
environment these theories have the greatest effects on practice and policy of organization.
Evaluation of theories of motivational-
Content theories mainly focused towards the what condition while process theories focus
towards the human behaviour is motivated. These theories are impacted on the management
practises and their policy.
Content theories- It is the earliest theories of motivational and modification within the
work place. It is also known as need theories because they are generally associated with the
concentrates. This theory has been widely taught and embraced within the enterprises world.
 Maslows Hierarchy of Needs- Maslow's hierarchy needs theory is a motivational theory
of human needs. This model has a pyramid shape, which works from bottom to top, that
means a human has to fulfil basic needs firstly then they must go after the upper level.
This theory is needed for beginning of basic psychological need and a;sp continuing
through safety, self-actualization.
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(Source : Maslow's theory, 2018)
 Physiological needs- These needs are basic requirements for human survival like food,
drink, cloth, sleep, sex etc. These are necessary for human’s body to work properly.
Without satisfaction with these basic requirements, life of human is quite difficult.
According to Maslow physiological needs are essential to fulfil compare to other human
needs (Gkorezis and Petridou, 2017).
 Safety needs- Human want to protect themselves from unethical issues of society, law,
and fear from some other elements. Safety is the secondary need for human’s life. For the
spend a peaceful life human need law, live in a good social culture etc.
 Love and belongingness needs- After fulfilled above needs the next stage of human
needs is love and belongingness. This needs motivate personal relationship between two
or more people. Human needs friends, neighbours, trust, involvement in social activities,
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Illustration 1: Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

acceptance, giving affection and love proposals. Affiliating is the basic part of family,
friends, peers etc.
 Esteem needs- This need Maslow divided into two parts, one is self-esteem like dignity,
independence, achievements and second is expectation of respect from others and
reputation in society. Self-actualization needs- In this need, human realizes oen’s potential, self-satisfaction,
personal achievements, peak point of experiences. In the last stage, human wants to get
everything.
Process theories of motivation-
This theory is addressed issues and problem regarding the process work and also sustain over the
time. There are different factors determine such as degree of efforts, notification efforts and
continuation efforts etc.
Porter and lawler model of motivation-This model is a complete motivational model. This
model is a multivariate, which explains relations exist between job attitude and job performance.
Model is based on basic human’s nature and assumptions (Karatepe, Ozturk and Kim, 2018).
 Human nature is a combination of individual and environment factors.
 An individual to be rational human body who take conscious action and decisions relate
to their organizational behaviour.
 Each and everyone has their own desires, needs and objectives.
 On the basis of individuals expectations, they adopt other alternatives' behaviour.
According to this model motivation does not equal to individual satisfaction or performance.
Traditional assumptions made positive relations between satisfaction and performance. This
model explain that efforts of individuals does not lead to performance. In fact performance lead
to satisfaction. This model provide the effective relationship between the performance and
satisfaction of individual person. Employee always putting efforts to maintain the relationship
between the satisfaction and performance. There are different type of porter element represented
in the lawler model.
Elements of porter and lawler model-
 Effort- Effort refers to the energy level of employee on a given assignments. Value of
reward and perception of effort-reward possibilities these two way determine the energy
level of employee during the assignments (Kitchin, 2017).
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 Performance- Performance level is determined by numbers of labour and employees
ability to perform their job role.
 Satisfaction- satisfaction lead by performance, its level depends on the employee
achievements. If the reward meet and exceed the employee's expectation, they will feel
satisfied. Intrinsic and extrinsic two types of rewards provided by organization. And on
the other side if rewards does not meet the expectation individual will feel dissatisfied.
(Source : Porter Lawler model, 2018)
This model is based on the expectancy theory which is probably complete the theory at
workplace. It is integrated process that includes different elements. This will help for explain the
different theories and contributed to make proper limitations. This integrated approach is needed
for management to identify the performance of leads to the job satisfaction. It is needed for
providing and evaluating values rewards on the basis of individual ideas. The motivational area
is complex to represent the unrealistic approach.
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Illustration 2: The Porter-Lawler model

Motivational techniques- Motivate employees at work station helpful to improve their
performance and productivity. Here many techniques for motivate employees to do their work
more effectively.
 Positive environment- Positive environment at work station motivate employee to
perform well. Encourage team efforts, sharing thoughts and provide a healthy working
atmosphere. Spatial, plc create positive environment to motivate employees.
 Provide incentive- To motivate employees by giving incentives for their well
performance. It is ups to organization that it provide team incentive or individual
incentive. Appreciation incentives may be in cash form, vouchers, gifts, holiday trip from
organization. Spatial, plc provide smart incentive in case form to motivate employees.
 Goals- Employees become self-motivated to achieve organization goals as well as
individual goals. Individuals set their targets and make efforts to accomplish them.
Through the all these motivational techniques' organization encourage employees to achieve
company's goals in limited time period (Paull and Whitsed, 2018).
TASK 3
P3) Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team-
Effective team- An organization is stronger when its employees work as team. Effective
team collect more energy and intelligences to achieve goals. A team become effective when it
follows some factors of effective team-
 Communication- To become an effective and successful team, they effectively
communicate to each others. Two way communication between management and
employees create a good working environment. Manager like to take employees
suggestions before making any decision. Spatial, plc use digital platforms like slack ans
Asana for circulate organization information among the employees and staff.
 Clear objectives- Every team member has to know what is team goals. A team called an
effective team when every team member clearly know the team objectives. Spatial, plc
team member know the differences between team goal and their own personal goals.
Creating and communicating strategic objectives help the team members to assess
progress.
 Fair pay- Spatial, plc team become effective team when its members like to work with
each others and fairly treat to each other. Team can not create goodwill by investment
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and avoid the policies. Team can set the goals' achievement stage by measurement of
individual and group achievements and respecting of employees personal issues and
requirements. Equally, pay for the same working level is another contribution for build a
effective team.
 Motivate- Motivate employees for their performance fairly. This kind of motivation
create good environment and build a effective team. Spatial, plc motivate employees for
their achievements encourage them to work hard and accomplish organizational goals
(Such and Mutrie, 2017).
Ineffective team- An ineffective team work for individual, members do not have any concern
with organizations goals. Few factors are below which make a team ineffective-
 Team focus- A team become ineffective when it has no clear image of goals. Members do
not work to achieve team or organization goals, they only set their own goals and work
for them. Work efficiency may affect the team ineffectiveness. They do not communicate
to each other properly. No inputs of employees in decision making, management take all
decisions. Spatial, plc team do not have focus organizational goals, they only work to
achieve personal goals.
 Unequal membership- Unequal behaviour with team members is the reason behind
ineffective team. Certain members take part in decision making and some are work in
silent mood arise inequality in team members. When a problem does arise in a group,
leader take favour of its favourite member and neglect the other one, will arise
misunderstanding among the members. Spatial, plc leader like to prefer their favourite
team first and take their opinion before decision making, create ineffective team.
 Lack of cohesion- Individual made a team but an ineffective team are result of those
individuals who do not mix with members and who don't have work skills. These
members suffer from lack of training and work performance according to their choice. A
team of spatial, plc ineffective when its members have focus on personal goals.
 Demotivation- spatial, plc team leader demotivate those employees who dislike by them.
This behaviour builds an unfair team environment in organization. Demotivated
employees perform their job unwillingly (Salas-Vallina, Alegre and Fernandez, 2017).
TASK 4
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P4) Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behaviour within a spatial plc and
business situation-
Organizational behavior is the important concept which is helpful for interact with the group of
people to create an efficient business planning for achieving their goals and objectives. This is
the best strategy for organization to manage the entire business operations and functions in a
proper manner. These theories are applicable in the different human resources to increase their
profitability for individual team member. There are different philosophies theories and model
applicable in the organization to improve the performance of employee, encouraging the
leadership quality, promoting new ideas for innovation etc. In this way, Spatial Plc is achieved
their goals and objective in order to modify the entire structure of business operations and
functions (Arnold, Fletcher and Daniels, 2017). This organization will develop the model on the
basis of the behavior of employee and people. It is helpful for achieving their goals and
objectives in market place. There are various type of model in the organization to operate the
business development process which is helpful for managing the various task that is performed in
the organization. Autocratic- This is the important model helpful in the management process to manage
the entire business process in proper manner. Spatial plc is the fastest growing
organization to expand the business all around the world. The employee of this
organization will depend upon the boss of organization because all the important decision
is taken by Manager. This is the important role playing in this organization. This model
will depend upon the power and strength of authority who are managed the tasks in a
proper manner it will control the entire employee management performance towards the
organization. This model is helpful for taking a right decision on particular topic which is
mandatory part to provide the best quality of services and facilities. One of the most
important issues arise in this model to require managing the staff in a proper way. Custodial- This model is helpful for identifying the important resources which is required
for growth and development. This model will provide the resources and managerial
direction for the wealth of organization. The employee of this Spatial Plc towards the
reimbursement and security depend upon the organization. Each and Every employee
needed to maintain the relationship between employee and manager (Balwant, 2018). HR
manager is managed the relationship between them. This model is important concept to
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provide the security to their employee. Most of the professional organization provide the
best quality of services regarding the health security, salary, company car, salary
packaging etc. Supportive- This is very important concept to manage the leadership quality provide the
right direction to their employee. Spatial Plc is software industry to provide the good
facilitates to their employee because they developing a new product in marketplace which
is helpful for the organization to market share. In this way, this organisation will achieve
their goals and objectives. HR Manager will provide the training and development
program to improve the contribution and performance towards the organization. The staff
member needed to meet all the appreciation and status towards the organization. This
organization will support to their employee which is beneficial for growth and
development. This model is based on the different leadership which is influence to their
employee towards the growth and development. HR Manager of this organization to
manage the coordination between the staff member and management. Collegial- This model is helpful for doing work with their colleagues as a team which is
necessary for corporate culture to participate as a team work. HR manager is playing
important role to create positive energy at their workplace. Spatial Plc is the organization
to consider the manager as Coach to provide the information and performing different
task for growth and development. It is important for this model to find out the best
approaches such as development and research, Marketing team and software technology
etc. This model will provide the right direction to their employee because it is an essential
for developing the best quality of product . Spatial Plc is the best organization used
different combination of model which is helpful for improve the performance towards the
organization. It is very important to maintain the business operations and functions in
effective ways (Burrell and Morgan, 2017). System Model- In Spatial Plc, This model is helpful for looking the overall structure of
the organization and team environment. This model is try to balance the main objective
and goals of organization. This model should be the best partnership with the manager
and staff member because they have common goals to achieve their objectives.
Path goal theory, Social resistance theory and situational leadership theory-
Path goals theory-
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Path goal theory is a model on specifying style of leader and behaviour that best for the
employees and their working environment. It is the best approach to leader for selecting the
behaviour of employee at workplace. This theory depends on the behaviour of leaders and
manager when how they react in the complex situation in the spatial plc. This theory is playing
important role in the leaders to maintain and control their emotions towards the situations.
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Social resistance theory-
Social resistance theory always promote the politicized action taken by the people which
oppose the power of hierarchies. It is a complex social phenomenon that include the variety
range of behaviour and actions. Leaders and manager are used this theory to oppose the political
issues that generated in the Spatial plc. In this way, This theory will help for people to use their
equal right against the issues and problems. It is helpful for managing the enterprises operations
and functions in effective manner.
Situational leadership style-
Situational leadership theory is based on the situation and condition in organisation to
adopt the leadership style. It is flexible leadership style to easily adopted the existing work
environment. In Spatial plc, Leaders plays important role in the organization to manage all
enterprises operations and functions in proper manner. Leader always adopt the situation style
according to the need and requirement of business process.
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CONCLUSION
This report is discussed about the different type of motivational techniques which is
helpful for organization to achieve their goals and objectives. It also analyses the performance of
employee, individual, power, team behaviour for the organization. It also describes the different
concept and philosophies theories which is helpful for organization to manage the business
conditions and situations.
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REFERENCES
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Education, 42(3), pp.389-401.
Burnes, B., Hughes, M. and By, R.T., 2018. Reimagining organisational change
leadership. Leadership, 14(2), pp.141-158.
Burrell, G. and Morgan, G., 2017. Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis:
Elements of the sociology of corporate life. Routledge.
Elsmore, P., 2017. Organisational Culture: Organisational Change?: Organisational Change?.
Routledge.
Gkorezis, P. and Petridou, E., 2017. Corporate social responsibility and pro-environmental
behaviour: Organisational identification as a mediator. European Journal of International
Management, 11(1), pp.1-18.
Karatepe, O.M., Ozturk, A. and Kim, T.T., 2018. Servant leadership, organisational trust, and
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group and multicultural approach. Routledge.
Paull, M. and Whitsed, C., 2018. Why authenticity in corporate and employee volunteering
matters for employee engagement: an organisational behaviour perspective. In Disciplining
the Undisciplined? (pp. 193-210). Springer, Cham.
Salas-Vallina, A., Alegre, J. and Fernandez, R., 2017. Happiness at work and organisational
citizenship behaviour: Is organisational learning a missing link?. International Journal of
Manpower, 38(3), pp.470-488.
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Online:
Maslow's theory, 2018. [online] Available
thorough:<https://www.tankonyvtar.hu/hu/tartalom/tamop412A/2011-0023_Psychology/
img/21e56613.jpg>
Porter Lawler model, 2018. [online] Available
through:<https://sielearning.tafensw.edu.au/MBA/9791F/BusinessServices/LO/
1207_020138_605F_02_wi/1207_020138_605F_0205_f2_wi.gif>
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