Organisational Behaviour Report: Tesco's Culture, Power, and Goals

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of Tesco's organisational behaviour. It begins by exploring the influence of organisational culture, power, and politics on individual and team behaviour within the company. The report then delves into the role of content and process theories, such as Maslow's hierarchy and Vroom's expectancy theory, in achieving organisational goals. Further, it differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, outlining the characteristics that contribute to each. Finally, the report examines various organisational behaviour philosophies, including path-goal and social capital theories, and their application within Tesco. The report uses examples and case studies from Tesco to support its claims, making it a valuable resource for students studying organisational behaviour and leadership.

Organisational Behaviour

Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.Influence of organizational culture, Politics and power on individual and team behavior......3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
2. The role of content and process theory in achievement of organizational goal......................4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................5
P3. What makes effective team and Ineffective team..................................................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................7
P4. Various philosophies of organisational behaviour in Tesco..................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCE..................................................................................................................................9

Introduction
Tesco is British multinational company which deals in groceries, food and non - food items,
household goods, clothes etc. The headquarters of Tesco are in Welwyn Garden City,
Hertfordshire. Tesco is the world’s ninth largest retailer in revenue. The report highlights the
culture of the organization and the impact of power and politics in the organization and how it
influence the behavior of individual and team. It helps to explain the different motivational
theory in the organization and their role ion achievement of organizational goal. The
motivational theories are content theory, process theory etc. It also explain the group
development theories and their role in making the effective team. The study highlights the
concepts and philosophy of organizational behavior.
TASK 1
1. Influence of organizational culture, Politics and power on individual and team behavior
Organizational culture refers to the attitude, behavior, values and expectation of the
people who work in the organization. Charles Handy defines the four kind of culture in the
Handy typology Model (Miner, 2015). The types of culture are power, role, person and task.
Power culture: The power culture is like a web. It means that the organizational activities are
controlled and managed through the center of the web. In Tesco there are few people who
control all the activity and make the useful decision for the organization. They control all the
resources of the company. The role of individual is to take the useful decisions for the
organization and the team has to follow their decisions. Individual has authority to take decision
and team are responsible to follow them. Tesco can quickly respond in any situation because the
power are in few hand
Role culture: Role culture focus on the various rules and regulation which was followed by the
organization. Tesco follow the role culture. The employees of Tesco know their job role and the
goal of the organization. The individual make the rules and regulation for the organization and
team follow these rules and perform their job role (People And Organisations, 2012).
Task culture: In task culture team was responsible for the successful implementation of task.
They work together to complete the task and take the decisions for the firm.
Person culture: Person culture is related to the person or individual who perform their job in the
organization.
Impact of power in organization

Power make a huge impact on the organization. Powerful person can influence or force the other
person to do particular task in the company (Elsmore, 2017). There are various kind of power in
the organization like coercive power, legitimate power, reward power and referent power. In
coercive power individual can threat the other person to follow the order. In reward power
individual has authority to reward their employees. Tesco use the reward power to motivate their
employees. Power helps to delegate the work and control the activity of the organization.
Impact of politics in the organization
Organizational politics refer to use the power and networking in the organization to achieve the
goal and make the changes which give benefit to the individual. People use the politics power to
take the advantages in the organization beyond the individual control. People use the politics
power to get the success in career or fame. The political changes also change the scenario of
Tesco. The change in rules and regulation and implementation of new policy affect the
organization. For example the change in the government party or the policy regarding the use of
paper bags in the retail shops or organization force the company to follow the rules (Landells,
Albrecht, 2017). The manager of Tesco regulate the internal and external environment and take
the changes in the organization and team follow the instruction of the leader or manager.
TASK 2
2. The role of content and process theory in achievement of organizational goal
Content theory
Content theory focus on the need of the individual in the organization. It focus on the
factor which motivate the individual to set the target and goal and work to achieve that goal. It
emphasis the internal factor of human being. It includes the Maslow’s hierarchy theory,
Alderfer’s ERG theory, Herzeberg theory and McCelland theory.
Maslow hierarchy theory: It is based on 5 needs of an individual and have to fulfill the each
need before going to the further need. The five needs are physiological, safety, social, self -
esteem and self-actualization need (Ritchie, 2018). Physiological refers to the basic needs of the
individual like shelter, food, water etc. Safety need includes the job security, good environment
etc. Social need refers to the need of love, affection etc. in esteem need individual expect to
respect from the peers, friends and team member. In self-actualization need individual want to
gain some new skills to differentiate themselves from the others in the market.

Maslow’s hierarchy theory helps to achieve the goal of Tesco. It motivate the employees to
achieve the organizational goal with individual goal. Tesco organize various task and event to
motivate the employees. It gives rewards to the employees on their better performance.
Process theory
Process theory refers to the behavioral and psychological process which motivate an
individual to perform or act in a particular way. It explains the influence of needs of the person
on their behavior. These theory includes the expectancy theory, equity theory, goal-setting theory
and reinforcement theory.
Vroom expectancy theory: In vroom expectancy theory employees believe that they get the
value from the organization and work more effectively and efficiently to achieve the target.
These theory is based on so key variables like valence, instrumentality and expectancy. In
expectancy person believe that the higher effort will lead the higher outcomes. In instrumentality
person believe that the performance gives the rewards and in valence individual concerned about
the value of the reward (Cook, Artino Jr, 2016).
Vroom expectancy theory helps to achieve the goal of the organization. It influence the
employee of Tesco to work harder to get the rewards from their superior in the organization and
motivate the employees that their effort toward the organization help them to achieve the success
in their life. Their contribution in the organization increase the efficiency and the profitability of
the Tesco.
TASK 3
P3. What makes effective team and Ineffective team
There are four types of Team in Tesco :
Project team : The team in which all the members work together in order to achieve common
goal. The people in the group belong to different groups and has been assigned to perform the
same project. This type of team works only for a limited period of time or it can be said until the
completion of the project the members work together. For example in Tesco the small group of
people for the new product development as the new product development need the marketing,
finance as well as operation department to work together therefore the member of different
grouped came together to form a team to achieve the common objective(Kwiatkowski, 2019).

Self managed team: The members of the team are self organised. It is a small group of
employees who determine their day to day activities and duties. All the employees work on same
level there is no supervisor. In Tesco the various department form their small team to achieve the
particular target or the people of the organisation can form a small team to introduce new idea to
the company.
Virtual team: It is also known as remote team, distributed team or geographically dispersed
team. This type of consist of the members who are working from the different geographical
locations and coordinate with each other with the help of email, video or voice conferencing and
FAX. IN Tesco the people from different regions collaborate with each other with the help of
virtual network for example in order to have a discussion about the Tesco upcoming plans the
managers or the people engaged in other business practice can interact with each other through
mail, fax or conference calls.
Operational team: The members of the operational team is responsible for completing the
objectives of the management. The operational team may interact directly with the people and
provide them services and goods. Operation team of Tesco helps the company to achieve the
business objectives.
Difference Between effective and ineffective team:
Members of the effective team make healthy discussion on the points which they are disagree
with and reach to the decision by discussing with other member of a team. They take the
discussion in a positive way. The members of the group move in the same direction in order to
achieve the goal(Effective vs. Ineffective Team, 2019.). While the team in which members do
not understand each other view point and quickly defend if any member present the new idea to
the group thus creating a stressful environment. The members of such group fail to achieve the
targets as it is difficult for the member of such group to understand what goal they want to
achieve(Fransen and et.al., 2017).
TASK 4
P4. Various philosophies of organisational behaviour in Tesco
Path goal theory: According to the path goal theory the effective leader set the clear path for the
employees in order to achieve their goals. This type of leadership avoids any type of failure. This
theory explains how the leader should encourage their employee to achieve their goal(Hirt,

2016). The path goal theory is one of the best theory the leader selects the best behaviour which
suits the working environment of the organisation as well as according to the employee need.
Tesco is one of the successful retail organisations operating in UK. Terry Leahy who is the chief
executive officer of Tesco has played an important role in the success of the organisation. The
Leahy set the goal for the company which made the huge changes in the organisation. Leahy
made the company to be more customer oriented thus giving better services to the customer. In
order to support and encourage the employee the Terry Leahy provide a friendly work
environment to the employees where every employee has the right to express their views. The
Tesco company can continue to maintain such environment in the organisation in order achieve
the organisational goal. Tesco should ensure that they provide a clear path to its employee which
will help the company as well as employee to move in a same direction.
Social capital theory: Social capital theory means that all the members of the group understand
and trust each other which help them to work together or it can be defined as the values which
come from the group of people, social networks which an individual cannot achieve on its own.
The theory helps in analysing the gap between micro and macro linkage of the individual and
structure(Aldrich, Meyer, 2015). As when the people work in a group they get influence by each
other attitude and behaviour. The employees in the Tesco should work together to achieve the
common objective. The Tesco Company should ensure that the people in the organisation should
understand each other for doing this the company. Tesco should apply the social marketing
theory so that all the company work in a team. Tesco should treat the employee equally as it
helps in encouraging them as every individual has their own needs, wants and desire. As
interpersonal relation have an impact on the organisation working.
The Tesco can apply this theory by creating a proactive network in the organisation for this the
company can conduct various activities which can help the employee to interact more with each
other. Social benefit in the work environment can affect the employee’s satisfaction level. The
social capital in the organisation improves the overall performance of the organisation as well as
employees(Woodcock, 2017).
CONCLUSION
The study helps in understanding the importance of organisational behaviour. The reason behind
the success of the Tesco is the management of organisation. Tesco has the friendly work culture.
The study helps in understanding the importance of motivational technique and process theory of

motivation in an organisation. The study helps in understanding the importance of effective
team. Various philosophies such as social capital theory and goal path theory helps in
understanding the various leadership style and how the organisation use such philosophies to
shape the organisation and these philosophies of OB also helps us to understand the importance
of employee for the organisation.

REFERENCE
Books and Journals
Aldrich, D.P. and Meyer, M.A., 2015. Social capital and community resilience. American
behavioral scientist, 59(2). pp.254-269.
Cook, D.A. and Artino Jr, A.R., 2016. Motivation to learn: an overview of contemporary
theories. Medical education, 50(10). pp.997-1014.
Elsmore, P., 2017. Organisational Culture: Organisational Change?: Organisational Change?.
Routledge.
Fransen and et.al., 2017. “Yes, we can!” review on team confidence in sports. Current opinion in
psychology. 16. pp.98-103.
Hirt, M.J.K., 2016. Path-Goal Theory of Leadership: Leadership and Public
Management. Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and
Governance. pp.1-6.
Kwiatkowski, C., 2019. Effective Team Leader and Interpersonal Communication Skills.
In Sustainable Leadership for Entrepreneurs and Academics .(pp. 121-130). Springer,
Cham.
Landells, E.M. and Albrecht, S.L., 2017. The positives and negatives of organizational politics:
A qualitative study. Journal of business and psychology, 32(1). pp.41-58.
Miner, J.B., 2015. Organizational behavior 1: Essential theories of motivation and leadership.
Routledge.
Ritchie, J., 2018. Part 2: Content Theories of Motivation.
Woodcock, M., 2017. Team development manual. Routledge.
Online
Effective vs. Ineffective Teams. 2019. [Online] Available through <
http://www.eventus.co.uk/effective-vs-ineffective-teams/>
People And Organisations. 2012. [online] Available through
<http://melbabiie.blogspot.com/2011/10/organisational-culture.html>