Organisational Behaviour Report: Culture and Motivation at Sainsbury's

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organisational behaviour, focusing on the case study of Sainsbury's. It begins with an executive summary and introduction, outlining the importance of organisational behaviour in fostering employee effectiveness and productivity. The main body delves into various theories of organisational culture, including aspects like structure, breadth, and depth, along with visible artifacts and underlying assumptions. It then explores communication models such as Aristotle's, Laswell's, Shannon Weaver's, Berlo's S-M-C-R, and Dance's helical model. The report further examines theories of motivation, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, McClelland's theory of needs (achievement, affiliation, and power), and Vroom's expectancy theory. Primary research, focusing on Sainsbury's, highlights the company's motivational factors, such as employee benefits and competitive salaries. The conclusion summarizes the key findings and emphasizes the significance of a positive organisational culture and employee motivation for organisational success. The report underscores the importance of employee training, flexible working hours, and ethical business practices in creating a thriving work environment. The report highlights the benefits of motivated employees, including increased productivity and profitability, which are vital for Sainsbury's continued success.

Organisational
behaviour

Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................1
Theories of organisation culture..................................................................................................1
Theory/ Model of communication ...........................................................................................3
Theories of motivation ...............................................................................................................4
Primary research .............................................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The organisational behaviour shows the employee behaviour in which helps to
organisation to encourage their effectiveness. It improves the utilization of the organisation
because a good working culture along with working climate increased the productivity and
profitability. The personnel feel healthy and motivated with by healthy working culture. It also
increases the addition of the employees in terms of work which gives the proper job satisfaction.
Organisational culture plays a massive role to build the excellent employer and employee
relationship which includes the share values and take for granted which shows the maturity along
with understanding the behaviour of the manpower. Primary and secondary research includes in
this report which justify the secondary research and personnel motivation factor is determine by
the primary research.
INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is a method in which its finds the performance of the employee
in groups and individual with in the corporation. In this human behaviour is plays a very
important role in working atmosphere which finds in order to find out the effect in
communication, job structure, motivation, leadership skills or various skills. It gives the capacity
to gain an actual wide understanding personnel behaviour and their outcomes in the organisation.
Organisational culture is set of shared values, believes, term and condition and supposition,
which shows the employee attitude in ethical or unethical behaviour. This things carry the value
and assumptions along with the powerful convince on the manpower attitude along with the
outcomes of the employees. The organisation select in this report is Sainsbury's which largest
chain of huge markets which deals in homes wares, apparels, electronic appliances and groceries
in united kingdom which was developed in the year 1869. This reports includes the organisation
culture which helps to improving the effectiveness of the employee. It will also looking forward
in act of culture in employee motivation factor and how the working culture encourage towards
success of the organisation(Sheedy, Garcia and Jepsen, 2019).
MAIN BODY
Theories of organisation culture
As per according to the viewpoint of Rumsha khan, 2020, It includes the values, vision,
mission , norms, characteristics, symbols, belief and habits of the corporation. Attitude of the
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human are the part of the organisation which relates the people reaction towards their action.
Also consider expectation, experience along with the employee attitude interior operations
outside from the nation and coming expectations. It also defines the suppositions, values and
looking towards the social and psychological environment of the company along with process of
interaction. Culture is also involve the believes, rules in term of written and unwritten document ,
which consider overtime accepted as a worth. In relation of working culture ability of the
corporation which is willing to gain more competitive advantage which raise the rate of
acquirement standard goals and aims is acquired with in perfect time frame. Culture creates the
better working standards which looking forward to promote or introduce a healthy competitive
atmosphere. Which shows the rate of attainment of excellence and growth is measured with
proper satisfactory(Miao and et. al., 2020).
The study of organisational culture is highlight the culture is kit of values so that
organisation or groups of people both are look similar. There are various factors which makes the
organisation culture smoothly.
Structure stability: cultures are believes their own norms and content that justify the
groups and go ahead to change the candidates of the corporation.
Breadth: Culture see the every aspects of the company. Even though nobody agrre and
accept the culture or climate but they have to accept the working culture and climate because
organisation have their terms and conditions.
Depth: Never show the unconscious culture in front group of candidates. So in which
they are not able to perform their actions, which shows the wrong indication to the organisation.
Patterning or integration: when candidates are loyal towards the organisation and same
attitude or behaviour in particular time of period, it impact on their belives.
Visible artifacts: Organisational culture includes the hierarchy, attitude, behaviour at
the time of meeting of the company. This is excellent theory of corporation culture is office
along with artifact importance. It shows reliable things among the employees.
values, rules and behavioural norms: when people want to see the brochure or tariff on
websites of the organisation so that vision and goal both are view in this element.
Underlying taken for granted assumptions: These things are nominal which defines
the artifact and believes. All the factor are mentioned above which create a excellent culture of
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the corporation or in the market. Organisational culture study is to examine and understand the
team and the corporation. There are various points of identification:
Group do not exist in a vacuum: The groups and the community, environment of the
industry and team members are come in the shape the way member act. Good leaders have
qualities to manage the team in decent way along with the environment of the industry.
Culture should be united upon and recognized by team members: people don't
believe on practices and rituals in the group. Study of organisational culture creates bit conflict
and issues because sometimes people don't want follow the rules and regulation of the
organisation.
Culture defines the reality: Accept the real fact it is the hardest part to do work in
group. It creates consequences for the organisation.
Orientation looking forward for the members work should be same or not: Make
the team excellence which is move forward to the success and prepare for acquire the challenges
and goals, expansion of an enterprise, building a different kind of measurement in the
organisation.
. Emphasize the team for the achieve the higher position of the organisation in the
marketplace.
Organisational culture theory defines the understanding of the employee and those people
they are working with collaboration. Ensure about that don't make team hectic or pressurise and
subtle in terms of culture are looking forward to observing the employees, how they accept the
norms and conditions(Mansouri, Singh and Khan, 2018).
Theory/ Model of communication
According to the viewpoint of Mary Clare Novak, 2019, this study have various types of
models and they are:
 Aristotle model: This model is justify the how to become a best convincer
communicator, this model is very oldest model. It examines the communication in
relation of speeches ,in any occasion, speaker and audience. It includes different types of
factors which increase the best communication for example pathos means ability to
connect, and logos means logical arguments. It doesn't give the attention in act of
communication and it also improves the communication and remove the barriers.
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 Laswell's model: This model build the channel and created the message which said with
the help of television, radio, blog and effect had on the receiver. It providing the simple
or logical way to creating a text and looking forward to finding the mandatory questions
which helps to identify the more details.
 Shannon weaver model: This model involves the various part which is channel,
receiver, recorder, decoder, sender. It view the importance of encoding and decoding
which is sent. Encoding and decoding remove the noise or cloud a text at the time
processing duration.
 Berlo's S-M-C-R model: This model defines the source, messages, channel, receiver,
which gives the new way how message is communicated.
 SOURCE : It involve the communication skills of the sender in acceptance with the
attitude and culture.
 MESSAGE : It include the easygoing structure and codification which comes component
of the channel.
 CHANNEL: It involve the sense of hearing, viewing, touching, smelling etc.
 RECIVER : It include attitude, knowledge, and culture of the receiver.
Dance's helical model: It collects the circular models by elaborating and know about how can
change the messages in better way at time of feedback. When people looking forward to
communicate with other people, there feedback will influence with next message(Khaola and
Rambe, 2020).
Theories of motivation
As per viewpoint of Abraham Maslow, the motivation is a basic anticipation by which
individuals have excellent strength and capability for working which get enhanced for working
capability. There are different types motivational studies which is given below:
 Maslow hierarchy of needs: This study involves the different types of aspects which is
psychological safety, social which means belongingness, care, emotion, love and self
esteem. In the addition of this study it includes the status, good raises, promotion, respect
and self actualisation, which include reality of potential and abilities along with various
factors which is physical essential such as food, water, shelter. There are some needs
which is respect, recognition, need for organization and protection from threats.
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 McClelland’s theory of needs: This study involves the various factors of motivation
which known as affiliation, achievement and power, and gives higher profitability along
with the revenue to the corporation. These things gives the advantage to the organisation
in terms of motivation, so that organisation grab the position in market place for long
time of period for its sustianiblity(Jacobs and Manzi 2020).
Achievement: It offers personal outcomes with the responsibilities on their own risk and
efforts. It also give the first preference to the results. It plays a massive role because personnel
have self motivated in which they are looking forward for acquire the aims and objectives and
move forward foe new task.
Affiliation: The affiliation accepted by others, it includes the social responsibilities
which is love, belongingness, care, emotion etc.
Power: This thing move forward to the advance need capability desire condition in
which they influence over others and put efforts. It include the control own work.
Vroom's theory of expectancy: In this study people believe on their abilities which
shows achievement towards the success with great outcomes. It also believe they praised for
their excellence which go ahead for success and shows the ability of the employee.
Primary research
Sainsbury is the second largest chain in huge markets in the united kingdom which deals
in electronic appliances, home ware, apparels and groceries items. It was founded in 1864. the
founder of the organisation is John James sainsbury. There are various competitor of sainsbury,
and tesco comes first in competitive list headquarter situated in London, united kingdom and
England. They have number of locations around 1428, and they served their product in limited
area UK and Ireland. In the context of sainsbury, it involve the motivation factor with the
organisational culture in which is shows the employee are self motivated, they also flexible with
working hours. Employees gives the best efforts to the organisation which beneficial for both of
them in term of excellence and success. Employees are well trained and they full-fill the need of
the customers. This corporation supports the employee in every aspects in which employee feels
familiar with the job along with organisation and willing to give more efforts. It also supported
for various modes and different level of consumer needs in outlets, stock place, logistic workers
to warehouse workers. Things thing build the motivation factor so employees are able to give
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more efforts to the organisation, in which business can run smoothly, and generate the more
revenues and profitability and it works in ethical manner(Griffin and et. al., 2020).
This organisation took the motivation factor which gives advantage personnels and the
corporation. This will help for long term process to maintain the decorum of the organisation.
 It emphasizes to do more work
 Give benefits to the employee in terms discount
 There are different options about company shares
 This brand gives the competitive salary to the employee
 Give the advantage of gym in term of membership which is mandatory for the
employee according to today's situation
Benefit of motivated employees for the organisation
sainsbury includes the corporation which is depend upon the groups of people and employee. It
relates the different lifestyle towards the employee and company also supports the employee in
work life balance along with the appraisals.
 Candidates are happy with flexible working hours and also compatible with
diversification which is done by the organisation.
 Organisation also gives the paid leaves, maternal leaves, which is mandatory for the
employees.
Valuing employees
sainsbury build the relation among the employees along with the trust and respect. This
thing offers the realistic goals interesting environment for them work and also take step towards
increasing the employee motivation. In the addition of sainsbury include the Taylor motivation
study. According to this report people are work for monetary value. Organisation planned to give
rewards and appraisal in term of money so employee will happy and able to put more
effort(Geramian, Abraham and Ahmadi Nozari, 2019).
This methodology works and gives the incentives after best outcomes to the employees. This
outcome gives the possibility , emphasise, encourage to do more work with some new ideas and
innovations.
Employee reward
Employees reward is important part of the corporation. It plays massive act in terms of
motivation. Employee want satisfaction in terms monetary value and needs and reward the the
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satisfaction to the employee. So that employee wants to put more effort and strategies to gain the
best outcome and give the advantage to the organisation. Employee reward is coommon in
relation of taylor's theory. Both of the element plays an act in monetry condition. This factors
motivates to the employee corporate with personal life. It also encourage the lifestyle of the
employees by applicable with advantages.
Measuring staff satisfaction
sainsbury offer the advantage to the employee which keeps employee motivated.
 Advantage in terms of pensions, award winning which gives long term advantage to
the employee, if they looking forward to switch the job, it will help another
organisation.
This thing also impact on both factor internal and external which analyse the overview of the
organisation. Also also gives the opportunity to reframe the things and willing to give more
revenue and profits.
Motivation from training and development
Sainsbury gives the training to the employees for development in terms of new
opportunities, challenges, leadership skills which gives advantage to the employee for its future
and corporation growth. This organisation have training and development program which works
on feed back is 360 degree. The personal methodologies full fill the need of the employee and
emphasises the self classification and providing the additional training to the employees. So that
employee able to take the opportunities or responsibility for their development. Which increases
the condition of the organisation(Balwant, 2018).
CONCLUSION
The conclusion of this research that organisation culture plays a major act in the success
of the organisation, which helps hold the employee. Best organisation culture gives the happiness
to the employee and make a good relationship between employer and employee. Culture plays
massive role in changing and improving the effectiveness for make comfortable to the employee
and give the best atmosphere. Sainsbury motivates its employee by developing culture where
political orientation is predominate and they have right to put their views and opinion. It is
involved by the healthy culture the organisation encourage its excellence and will have increased
employee activation and clear the characteristics. These factor emphasizes the employee or the
organisation to grab the excellent position in the market place, which shows the hype of the
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brand and build a great brand value along with brand image which essential for the market needs
and consumer needs.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Balwant, P.T., 2018. The meaning of student engagement and disengagement in the classroom
context: Lessons from organisational behaviour. Journal of Further and Higher
Education. 42(3). pp.389-401.
Belschak-Jacobs, G., 2018. Organisational Behaviour and Culture.
Geramian, A., Abraham, A. and Ahmadi Nozari, M., 2019. Fuzzy logic-based FMEA robust
design: a quantitative approach for robustness against groupthink in group/team
decision-making. International Journal of Production Research. 57(5). pp.1331-1344.
Griffin, R.W. and et. al., 2020. Organisational Behaviour: Engaging People and Organisations.
Cengage AU.
Jacobs, K. and Manzi, T., 2020. Conceptualising ‘financialisation’: governance, organisational
behaviour and social interaction in UK housing. International Journal of Housing
Policy. 20(2). pp.184-202.
Khaola, P. and Rambe, P., 2020. The effects of transformational leadership on organisational
citizenship behaviour: the role of organisational justice and affective commitment.
Management Research Review.
Mansouri, A.A.A., Singh, S.K. and Khan, M., 2018. Role of organisational culture, leadership
and organisational citizenship behaviour on knowledge management. International
Journal of Knowledge Management Studies. 9(2). pp.129-143.
Miao, Q. and et. al., 2020. Ethical Leadership and Unethical Pro‐Organisational Behaviour: The
Mediating Mechanism of Reflective Moral Attentiveness. Applied Psychology. 69(3).
pp.834-853.
Sheedy, E., Garcia, P. and Jepsen, D., 2019. The Role of Risk Climate and Ethical Self-interest
Climate in Predicting Unethical Pro-organisational Behaviour. Journal of Business
Ethics, pp.1-20.
ONLINE
khan. R., 2020. Theories of organisational culture and change. [Online] Available through:
<https://prezi.com/cqhjstyl8yn3/theories-of-organizational-culture-and-change/>.
Novak. M., 2019. Everything you need to know about communication theory. [Online] Available
through: <https://learn.g2.com/communication-theory>.
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