Detailed Report: Organization and Behaviour at City College

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational behaviour, focusing on the relationship between organizational structure and culture, with City College as a case study. It explores different organizational structures, including functional and product-based structures, and examines the impact of culture on performance. The report delves into leadership styles, comparing authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire approaches, and evaluates their effectiveness within different organizations. It also examines organizational theory, including decision theory, systematic, sociotechnical, and contingency approaches to management. Furthermore, the report discusses motivational theories and their application, analyzing the impact of leadership styles on motivation during periods of change. It also covers the nature of groups, group behaviour, and factors influencing teamwork, along with the impact of technology on team functioning. The report aims to provide a thorough understanding of the key elements influencing organizational behaviour and leadership, offering valuable insights for effective management and teamwork within an educational institution setting.

Running head: organization and behaviour
Organization and behaviour
Name
Institution’s name

Organization and behaviour 2
Contents
Introduction:................................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.......................................................................................................................................................4
LO1 Understand the relationship between the organisational structure and culture:...............................4
1.1 Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture:.....................................4
1.2........................................................................................................................................................5
1.3 discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work:................................................5
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................6
LO2 Understand different approaches to management and leadership:...................................................6
2.1 compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations:.......................6
2.2 explain how organisational theory underpins the practices of management:.....................................7
2.3 evaluate the different approaches to management used by the different organisation:.......................7
LO3: Understand ways of using motivational theories in organizations..................................................9
3.1 Discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivation in organisations in
periods of change.................................................................................................................................9
3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories within the workplace.......................10
3.3 Evaluate the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers......................................................11
LO4 Understand mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organisations..............................11
4.1 Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations......................................11
4.2 Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in
organisations......................................................................................................................................12
4.3 Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organisation..................13
Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................................14
reference....................................................................................................................................................15

Organization and behaviour 3
Introduction:
Understanding of organisations behaviour is very much essential for improving the individual's
response in a positive way. On the other side organisational climate or environment is as
important. This type of understanding attempts to uphold the methods of human behaviour in the
organisation. Besides that, it also promotes those changes which happen in the goals, values,
roles and interest within the structure. Every organisation has a distinct culture in the in the
workplaces that are maintained by the employees, staffs of that particular team. Organisational
structure referred as the planning of particular duties for a task, total systematic composition of
that organisation. Where corporate culture deals with the ethics, beliefs, arts, values and customs
by the members of that particular organisation. In this reporting relationship between the
corporate structure and culture will be vivid. In this report, the city college will be described as
an organisation.

Organization and behaviour 4
TASK 1
LO1 Understand the relationship between the organisational structure and culture:
1.1 Compare and contrast different organisational structures and culture:
In this paragraph various types of organisational structure of City College discussed. A structure
of an organisation defined or explained how the work and tasks are distributed and processed
within the organisation. This process completed through utilising various bases. The
organisational structure depends on the organisation's size, objectives, and capability. In a case of
the functional structure of City College, each sector performed its specific function when all the
preparations are complete. To mentoring all these functions, there are various experts who paid
attention to the functional divisions of City College. Those persons or experts are known as key
individuals; they are appointed for specific sections(Brunckhorst, 2009). This helps to grow the
liability and simplicity in the functions of organisations. The dark side is that the sections may
apply strong for alteration that may be tough to adjust in each section to gain the best overall
performances. In a productivity based organisational construction, the main focus is a product or
that type of activity that are related to the product. It is slightly different in the workplaces here
all the employees from various disciplines work together with a common goal. In the
workplaces, employees are engaged in competition. But alike function it may lead to the
communication to the closed and less fulfilment of goals. Structuring is totally depend on the
geographic areas. Particular areas help to attract more customers as well as the customer’s needs.
The Proper geographic location provides all the necessary thing to the customer through a good
communication system.
Organisation (City College) culture depend on the opinion, values, norms and ethics created by
the members of City College. According to E.B Tylor culture is that complex whole which

Organization and behaviour 5
includes knowledge, beliefs, arts, morals, law, customs and any other capabilities and habits
acquired by the man as members of society. Organisational culture is always changeable not
static. According to an organisational region, culture varies. Organisational culture has various
parts among them person culture is significant. But person culture is less effective than the
culture itself(Beam, & McFadden, 2012).
1.2 explain the relationship between the organisational structure and culture can impact on the
performances of business:
Many scholars suggested that the structure of City College may be considered as that the culture
is materially displayed. It is the main ideologies and insights that fix the structure that would
follow the specific operations. In this stated scenario relationship between the major elements
that will be determined or confirm the successful future of City College. This educational
institution has numbers of employees or staff in the college premises. All the staffs are from
different cultural and racial backgrounds. Different employees are with various culture worked
together for achieving the common goals. By all this hard work educational institution, City
College achieves desired place or success. A strong and effective culture capable of making
common values, morals and bond that is very much important. Along with that operational
structure reflect all the common cultural values(Integrating employee health, 2005). Culture should
connect strongly with the organisational structure then it may cause the harm of competence in
the staffs. So culture and structure play an important role and effect in the organisation such as
City College.
1.3 discuss the factors which influence individual behaviour at work:
Individuals are the primary unit of each group. It will be the business organisation or the
educational group. Organised persons or staffs leads the team to the success or helps to achieve

Organization and behaviour 6
shared objectives. Employee’s behaviour can be affected by environmental factors and intrinsic
factors. In this case of City College, there are many factors that influence the activities or habits
of the employees or staffs. Personality is one of the factors that varies man to man. Characters
show its diversity as per the upbringings, abilities, character of the faculties of City College.
Another factor is racial backgrounds of employees that perform a particular role in regulates their
values and thoughts(Baker, 2007). Working status also an important factor. Position in the
workplaces shows an impact on the individual employees’ behaviour. Culture can influence the
employee’s behaviour and attitudes in the workplaces. These factors can influence individual
behaviour in the workplace of City College.
TASK 2
LO2 Understand different approaches to management and leadership:
2.1 compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organisations:
Leadership defined or explained as the process by which a person or individual monitor a group
of people with delivering direction, motivate others via sharing a vision, to work in the direction
of the common goals. Leadership includes with the encouraging other employees or staffs for
gathering them as a group through providing common visualisation to bring a better change for
the future. In an organisation like Enterprise, Rent-a-Car has various types of leadership styles.
Authoritarian style is one of the leadership styles (Burns, 2012). Where all the decisions are taken
by the leader only and employees are ordered what to do or not. In this style no case of
consultation with the other for any decision.
Democratic style: it is another type of leadership style. It is as similar to the authoritarian styles
of leadership (Baghdaserians, 2010). The leader took all the decisions. Employee’s considerations

Organization and behaviour 7
needed at the time of processing leader’s decision. Employee’s consultation needed in this
leadership(Osland, 2007).
Laissez- Faire style: in this type of style leader tries to avoid or ignore influencing or
encouraging his subordinates. In this process co-employees are inactive. This style is more
ineffective t5han the two other leadership styles.
2.2 explain how organisational theory underpins the practices of management:
The corporate theory is that concept which studied the corporate structure and design. It is also
known as the organisational disciplines. Organisational concept or theory helps to investigate the
definite structure of organisation such as Enterprise Rent-a-car. Even the structural improvement
also handled by the organisational theory. Enterprise Rent-a-car appointed new employees along
with that different type of management styles and the motivational theories re-applied to manage
the internal conflict(Cordes-Berszinn, 2014). Decision-making techniques, teamwork, etc. are
applied to manage the workforce in the Enterprise Rent-a-car. These types of theories are derived
from the classical bureaucratic theories. Enterprise Rent-a-car has identified their organisation
need dynamics theories or concept. Enterprise Rent-a-car has practised few motivational theories
to motivate their employees for better productivity (Mcreynolds, 2012).
2.3 evaluate the different approaches to management used by the different organisation:
There are various management strategies. Decision theory approach is one of these. This
approach concern with the decision making process. Decision making associated with the overall
activities of an organisation. These approaches help the manager to perform all the role very

Organization and behaviour 8
much efficiently with good communication. Through this approaches communication gets better
via improving. This approach is consist of narrow focus. Another approach is the systematic
approach. This approach helps to maintain the organisational equilibrium through relating a
single purpose with its interrelated parts (Sundarasaradula, & Hasan, 2004). A systematic approach
is very much practical to organise all the parts of an organisation. Even the interpretation
between the different parts is main concern of this approach. Integration of various parts with the
external environment is done by the help of this systematic approach. After all these this
concepts is not the novel idea or theory for every organisation(The Organization of Behavior, 2012).
It can't apply universally or globally.
Sociotechnical approach: it stated that technical system has the own influence on the socio
system. This type of approach fully concentrates on the productivity and operations. This
approach has a great side as well as the bad side. This approach focuses on the technical
interactions along with the managing people. While the bad side of this approach is to focus on
the low-level operational work of Enterprise Rent-a-car.
Contingency approach: contingency approach helps to captivate all the management theories or
concepts. Contingency approach provide as unified ideas to the Enterprise Rent-a-car
organisation. Through this approach, manger realises or feel that one constant approach is not
capable of solving all the organisational issues. Contingency approach has good as well as an
unfortunate effect on the organisation. This approach can calculate by the human resource
management of Enterprise Rent-a-car. Along with that, it is very much critical to analyse this
method. This may be termed as disadvantages of contingency theory(Hiriyappa, 2009).

Organization and behaviour 9
LO3: Understand ways of using motivational theories in organizations.
3.1 Discuss the impact that different leadership styles may have on motivation in organisations in
periods of change
The various leadership styles have a great impact on the motivation of the staffs in an enterprise.
Some experts have stated that the success and improvement of organizations and individual
careers are based on the leader's useful behaviour. The styles of managers in Enterprise Rent-a-
Car helps to lead the firm and employees positively and would create a negative or positive
impact on the staffs in the different situation. If a new manager of the company wants to take the
authoritarian outlook from the starting, the teams may be not satisfied with him at the working
time. Then they have the lack of wish to make a good relationship with the managers. The
workers may think about their posts and positions, and the authoritarian type managers can't do a
good rapport with the employees. So, the staffs can create an idea of ‘him and us' mentality, and
that is not helpful for the development of Enterprise Rent-a-Car. By this mindset, the staffs only
concentrate on their personal achievement, and that could create an internal conflict in the
business organisation. If the manager takes a laissez-faire outlook or extremely soft approach
that is also for him. The staffs may think him inappropriate for the responsibility and feel
uninterested, and they can also feel that the job is not significant, so, they start to slack off. If the
authority takes the participative approach, the workers feel interested in the work(Kanski, 2003).
This style helps to encourage and value to the employees, and this method helps them to
motivate as they can perform well to meet the targets of the company and can feel that the work
is theirs (Sundarasaradula, & Hasan, 2004). If the objectives and budgets have been set by the
authority and that is imposed on the employees of a supermarket, they can feel disinterested and

Organization and behaviour 10
disheartened. When the management tells them to suggest some ideas as per their wish, the staffs
may feel encouraged to complete their job successfully. Proper leadership style helps to increase
enthusiasm and confidence of the employees.
3.2 Compare the application of different motivational theories within the workplace
Nowadays, organisations are regularly attempting to find out better methods to inspire their staffs
for increasing productivity and outcomes. To gain this aim, various motivational theories can be
applied according to the different situations. One such theory is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs that
depends on the arrangement of pyramid designed model(Grünig, & Kühn, 2013) . The bottom of the
model has deficiency needs, and the top design has development needs like satisfaction. By
applying the theory, Enterprise Rent-a-Car has first tried to satisfy the requirements of the
workers on safety and safe working place condition. Then the management meets to the social
necessities of team building and interaction. Finally, the overall needs of development and
growth of the staffs can be looked into for increasing their motivation.
Another motivational theory is McClelland's achievement inspirational theory that describes the
result is dangerous to success and growth. External pressure and intrinsic drive are used to
motivate employees successfully. This trait is used to increase inspiration by linking payment to
performance, providing feedback process, increasing responsibility standards, etc.
The third one is Herzberg's theory of motivational and hygiene factors. This approach possesses
two dimensions: health factors like adequate remuneration and safety avoid unpleasant
situations. On the other hand, motivational factors like responsibility and recognition satisfy the
requirements for development. The company should apply this theory by creating a safe working
atmosphere; then they should provide suitable cultures, teamwork and policies, providing career
advancement, the workers can be encouraged(Allwood, & Selart, 2010).

Organization and behaviour 11
3.3 Evaluate the usefulness of a motivation theory for managers
At Enterprise Rent-a-Car, the motivation theories may be utilised to achieve better performance.
A newly recruited manager should develop various motivational theories that is one of his
primary duty in the firm. The director of the company can use the Herzberg’s theory to confirm
that his staff’s requirements are met properly. By increasing staff satisfaction, the company can
increase their productivity in the marketplace. For solving problems efficiently, another thing can
be done, and that is the application of motivational requirements in the pyramid shape. It helps
for watching the things that should be given priority. The payment of the employees can be tied
up with the performance, the company should recognise especially on the new ideas of the
employees and their extra work. That can be possible by the achievement inspiration theory. The
benefits of the manager should be focused on the overall profit of the organisation. He should be
enthusiastic to make a positive alteration at the supermarket(Bazerman, 2016). The motivational
theory is valuable highly for transforming the behaviours and attitudes of the workers in the
company. This type of method helps to create better performance among the employees.
LO4 Understand mechanisms for developing effective teamwork in organisations.
4.1 Explain the nature of groups and group behaviour within organisations
Work is a team-based activity, and if the company wants to work efficiently, they need good
teamwork. If the managers can create a proper coordination among the employees, then all the
staff can work in a well-combined group. The team work is very useful for the company for their
growth and development. Teams create an influence over the memberships of the firm and
managers should use this to gain the best quality work to increase the effectiveness. The

Organization and behaviour 12
members of every team possess a primary goal, and the members have to remain inter-reliant
with each other. The human relation outlook to the management system considers the social
construction that is described as a significant factor(Rayner, & Best, 2001). Acceptance and
teamwork pressure can be more powerful incentives than remuneration. The company possesses
pluralistic nature, and various interest teams will not share necessarily the management outlooks
on different matters and situations. The two vital functions of the units are maintenance (standard
setting, cooperating, clarifying, etc.) and task (making decisions, collecting information, etc.)
4.2 Discuss factors that may promote or inhibit the development of effective teamwork in
organisations
The collaboration interest has developed in the current past, and there is extra pressure to build
up self- directed and managed teams for improving employee morale, flexibility and quality.
Social, psychological and physical factors are there, and these factors make the people not the
same from each other. These types of factors of people may create some difficulties in tea
building process. If all the members of a team possess same backgrounds and interests that help
the group for being cohesive and increase the scope of success within a team. The background
similarity contributes to pave the way for understanding and sympathy among the group
members. The permanency and stability of the group play a crucial role in team working. A more
stable and permanent team will be able to provide more understanding with each other on the
team. Identical training techniques and skill levels play an important role that are positive
contributions that help to get the teams successfully. In this company, the workers have much
diversity so; they possess different perceptions and opinions. That may cause the limitation of
successful teamwork. Some experts have stated that the cultural differences are not responsible

Organization and behaviour 13
for the hindrance of effective teamwork. The social and cultural difference may create the
understanding problems to the employees, then the management and authority should take
attention on that matter (Sikula, Sikula, & Koocher, 2001). The age difference also can create some
problems in understanding in teamwork as they may have the different point of view.
4.3 Evaluate the impact of technology on team functioning within a given organisation.
Enterprise Rent-a-Car can achieve their great deals through automated techniques or remote
control system in the time of technology advancement. In this technological advancement, the
teams get more autonomy in their work, and they can make their decision. When the employees
take some serious decisions with the help of technology like different types of the software
system, they may keep their management in touch. Enterprise Rent-a-Car has given their
employees more autonomy as they can complete their job with their dependence. It also helps
them to be committed to their team as well as the organization also (Sikula, Sikula, & Koocher,
2001). The team members can communicate with each other to control all the operations with the
aid of technology.

Organization and behaviour 14
Conclusion:
Administrative behaviour is a multi-layered discipline that is very significant for monitoring and
managing a firm efficiently in the dynamic environment of the world today. Leadership factors,
motivational theories and leadership styles that affect on individual behaviour should be applied
and studied carefully to search for a balance which fits appropriately to a single business
organisation. Teamwork, groups and technology play a significant role in this framework. Group
setting, use of technology, teamwork everything is the role of manager, and those depend on the
responsibility of management team to set a work structure and culture which helps the workers to
donate their best performance of the company. At the same time, the staffs are allowed to gain
personal development and satisfaction from the organisation.

Organization and behaviour 15
Reference
Allwood, C., & Selart, M. (2010). Decision Making (1st ed.). Dordrecht: Springer
Netherlands.
Baghdaserians, E. (2010). Authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles (1st ed.).
Baker, H. (2007). Employee training (1st ed.). Chandni Chowk, Delhi: Global Media.
Bazerman, M. (2016). Judgment in managerial decision making (1st ed.). [Place of
publication not identified]: John Wiley.
Beam, B., & McFadden, J. (2012). Employee benefits (1st ed.). La Crosse, WI:
Dearborn.
Brunckhorst, D. (2009). Organisational structures for wildlife enterprises (1st ed.).
Barton, A.C.T.: Rural Research and Development Corporation.
Burns, J. (2012). Leadership (1st ed.). New York, NY: Open Road Integrated Media.
Cordes-Berszinn, P. (2014). Dynamic capabilities (1st ed.). [Place of publication not
identified]: Palgrave Macmillan.
Grünig, R., & Kühn, R. (2013). Successful decision-making (1st ed.). New York:
Springer.
Hiriyappa, B. (2009). Organizational behavior (1st ed.). New Delhi: New Age
International.
Integrating employee health. (2005) (1st ed.). Washington, DC.
Kanski, J. (2003). A systematic approach (1st ed.). [Place of publication not
identified]: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Mcreynolds, J. (2012). Motivational theories & psychology (1st ed.). Delhi: English
Press.
Osland, J. (2007). Organizational behavior (1st ed.). Upper Saddle River: Pearson
Prentice-Hall.
Rayner, J., & Best, D. (2001). A contingency table approach to nonparametric
testing (1st ed.). Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC.
Sikula, A., Sikula, J., & Koocher, G. (2001). Employee relations ethics (1st ed.).
Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Organization and behaviour 16
Sundarasaradula, D., & Hasan, H. (2004). A unified open system model for explaining
organisational change (1st ed.). Wollongong, N.S.W.: School of Economics &
Information Systems, University of Wollongong.
The Organization of Behavior. (2012) (1st ed.).