Organizational Behavior: Apple Company Culture, Motivation, and Teams

This report delves into the organizational behavior of Apple, examining the influence of culture, politics, and power on individual and team performance. It explores Apple's organizational culture, including power, person, task, and role cultures, and discusses the impact of politics on productivity and employee motivation. The report analyzes various power dynamics within the company, such as legitimate, reward, referent, informational, and coercive power. Furthermore, it provides an overview of motivation theories, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Vroom's expectancy theory, and evaluates their advantages and disadvantages in the context of Apple's employee management. The report also differentiates between effective and ineffective teams, and how the company can use various team types to enhance productivity and achieve its goals and objectives.

Organizational
Behavior

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1.................................................................................................................................................3
M1................................................................................................................................................4
P2.................................................................................................................................................4
M2................................................................................................................................................5
PART 2............................................................................................................................................5
P3.................................................................................................................................................5
M3................................................................................................................................................6
P4.................................................................................................................................................6
M4................................................................................................................................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10
Books and Journal......................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Organization behavior refers to the process in which management is worked to assess the
behavior of various individuals who are working in the organization to create a positive working
environment in the organization. This report contains the culture politics and power which
influence the individual and team behavior in Apple Company and provide various theories of
motivation which helps to rectify the behavior of employees in the organization (Abdullah and
Marican, 2020). In this report there is discussion related to how power and culture influence the
performance of the organization. There is difference between effective as well as ineffective
team. In the end of the report there is discussion related to various theories of organizational
behavior in an organization.
MAIN BODY
PART 1
P1
Culture
Culture refers to the social thinking of an individual which has direct impact on the behavior
of individuals in an organization. Understand the culture of their employees and provides a good
work culture to them. Apple Company follows four types of culture in the organization which are
provided below:

 Power culture: In this type of culture it is seen that the power is in hands of some people
that are the high authority. These are the people that have authority to take decision. It is
seen that all the other people follow their instructions effectively (Weston, Hauck and
Amlôt, 2018). In relation apple the higher authority takes effective decision that helps to
manage the team and achieve goals and objectives effectively.
 Person culture: As per this culture the employees that are the working persons of the
organization are given importance. This is seen that they are given importance and that
enhances the motivation of employees. In regard to Apple all the employees are given
responsibility and that helps to complete the task on time. They feel responsible and work
effectively.
 Task culture: In this culture team is formulated to complete a particular task. If there is
any problem faced by the company then it is solve by team. The team is formulated by to
fulfill the interest. In respect to Apple Company the teams are formulated to work
effectively and accomplish the goals and objective find solution of the problem.
 Role culture: In this culture the work is being delegated as per the specialization. So that
the work is completed effectively on time. This is helpful for Apple to work effectively
and complete the task with the help of specialist. It is helpful to complete the work that is
assigned effectively.
In relation to Apple must maintain different cultures inside the company in order
to increase production and improve decision-making abilities, allowing it to develop a

variety of rules and procedures while sustaining efficiency throughout its numerous
divisions.
Politics
Politics refers to the positive and negative activities of managers in the organization in order
to maintain the work and increase the productivity and profitability of organization (Allen,
2020). The impact of politics on Apple Company are given below
 Increase and decrease in productivity: Apple follows positive politics in the
organization hence it helps to increase their productivity. But if managers uses there was
a negative sense then it can also decrease the productivity in the Apple Company.
 Motivate employees: Politics free environment in Apple Company will help to create a
good working environment which motivate employees to give their best in the
organization.
Politics free environment of Apple Company will decrease the stress level of employees
which have a positive impact on individuals and teams of organization.
Power
Power refers to the authority which has given to various people in the organization to work
effectively in an organization (Attree, Kumar and Singh, 2020). For the effective working of
employees the Apple Company being a large organization also provide required powers to the
managers of the organization. The power can be of various types which are given below:
 Legitimate power: This shows that the a person's official authority to give directions or
directions as a result of their position in the business, such as the CEO's right to dictate
strategy, comes into play.
 Reward power: It is another type of power. In reward power the employees in the
organization work effectively and then expect bonus (Badcock, Friston and Ramstead,
2019). This is helpful for the organization as they are able to achieve the goals and
objectives effectively.

 Referent power: It is seen that the power is driven by trust. The boss, for example, who
treats everyone equally and with respect, has authority because he or she is trusted or
appreciated.
 Informational power: In this the ability of Controlling the data or information that
others require in order to achieve something, such as the boss who give away a secret
about a certain circumstance, is an example of power.
 Coercive Power: It is a form of power in which the power is shown by the ability to
punish. As people in the organization work effectively in the fear that they may lose the
job.
It is seen that Apple is a big organization and has operation around the globe the company
uses the power as per the situation. It is seen that if employees perform effectively than they
are given reward. If the employees are not motivated in a positive manner then coercive
power is used. It helps to work effectively and achieve goals and objectives.
M1
The culture power and politics followed in an organization has a great impact on
individuals and their behavior was in the organization. That can be either positive or negative
which depends on the use of these factors in the organization. Example, bad politics at workplace
can decrease productivity whereas positive politics in the organization can increase productivity
and motivation in employees (Berkovich and Bogler, 2020).
P2
Motivation refers to the process which guides maintain and initiates oriented behavior of the
employees in an organization. Knowing the importance of motivation in an organization there
are various theories which are developed to enhance motivation in an organization. Some of
those theories with brief explanation are given below:
Content Theory: Maslow’s Theory of Motivation
In this theory of motivation Maslow provides a hierarchy of needs of employees in an
organization which helps them to motivate.

Psychological needs: At the very first they want to fulfill their psychological needs that are
food, water, warmth and rest. In relation to Apple the salary that is paid to the employees
fulfills the basic need.
Safety needs: The second level wants to secure their safety needs that are security and
safety at workplace. Here the task is to provide safe and secure job and at the same time
Apple provides insurance and medical facility to its employees.
Belongingness and love needs: Next need is to provide belongingness and love to the
employees. In this need all the employees develop relations and that help them to work
effectively.
Esteem needs: it provides to fulfill their esteem needs which are related to the prestige and
feeling of accomplishment (MacArthur and et.al., 2018). It is seen that in relation to Apple
all the employees are valued and they have their own position in the company.

Self-actualization: The last need which has been provided by Maslow is self-actualization
need in which the organization needs to provide opportunity to the employees to achieve
their full potential including their creative activities (Effron and Raj, 2020).
The rewards which are provided in the above theories helps to connect the organizational
goals with personal goals which further result in improving creativity and productivity of the
organization.
Process Theory: Vroom Expectancy theory
This idea is built on three pillars, each of which is linked to a person's need for improved
motivation.
Valence: It is vital for even an individual to place a positive value on predicted results,
according to this part of the expectancy theory. The individual needs prefer obtaining the results
to not attending them for the valence to be positive. In respect to Apple financial benefits and
rewards play a vital role and make the employees feel valuable.
Expectancy: As per this point it is believed that good efforts will help the organization to
achieve its goals and objectives (Bradtmöller, Grimm and Riel-Salvatore, 2017). In respect to
Apple they include having adequate resources in the organization, possessing and obtaining
adequate assistance to do the assignment. Expectancy aids in the achievement of goals and
objectives, as well as motivating people and keeping them working in the organization.
Instrumentality: It comprises the idea that an individual's job motivation is strongly linked
to a valuable outcome inside an organization. It demonstrates the direct link between the first and
second result levels. In respect to Apple the employees are reward as per requirement that is
beneficial for them.
M2.
Motivational theories have advantages which are discussed above and help organization
to motivate their employees to achieve and attain their goals and objectives and effective
manner. These motivation theories also helps Apple company to motivate their employees but in
the case when the motivational rewards are expected by the employees then it does not motivate
them which is the biggest disadvantages of this theories. According to the preceding ideas,

employees are driven to work if the organization provides a nice working environment for them
as well as the income and pay that they deserve. It is vital to highlight that if employees'
expectations are assessed and they are rewarded and recognized for outstanding performance,
they will work effectively and try to achieve b.
PART 2
P3
Effective team: It is very clear that team contains some members which should have a common
goal. Common goal is the only way for accomplishing organisation targets. In the case of
effective team, each member is clear about goals and objectives (Van Mierlo and Beers, 2020).
Team members should possess a number of crucial skills and talents in order to do the allocated
task successfully. Their abilities and understanding ensure that tasks are completed on schedule.
Each member of a productive team is willing to collaborate with others, demonstrating
collaborative functioning in the workplace. Collaboration has become a necessary component of
a team's success.
Ineffective Team: Ineffective teams are the polar opposite of effective teams, which no
organisation can afford. Ineffective teams lack clarity regarding their aims and objectives due to
a lack of skills and expertise, resulting in goals and targets not being met. It is self-evident
because how can someone strive toward a target if they are unclear about their aims and
objectives.
Every organisation wants to establish effective teams, as seen by the discussion of
successful and ineffective teams. Apple does this by employing a number of key methods that
provide them with advantages in order to form a successful team. The following is a strategy that
can assist an organisation in developing a successful team.
According to McGregor, it is not sufficient to have a workgroup or team to ensure success in
order to be successful that it must be effective. In order to get an effective team there are various
ways which can be used by Apple Company to form effective groups and teams in the
organization. Various types of teams are explain below for Apple Company (Gillam and
Cosford, 2021). Different types of teams are briefly explained below:

 Functional work team: In the functional team of Apple Company a typical top down
management approach is followed in which a manager is responsible for everything's in
their team. The functional team of an organization are permanent having individuals of
several departments with different responsibilities.
 Troubleshooting team: There are various situations in which company required to form
a team to solve several problems. The team formulated to improve processes and find out
the ways to solve the problems that creates a hurdle for the company are known as
troubleshooting teams.
 Self-managed teams: The groups of employees in Apple company who are work in
collective manner because of non-availability of a former leader are self-managed teams
of an organization.
 Project team: There are various projects for which specified team is needs to be
formulated by Apple. The team which has been formulated by Apple Company for that
specific project is known as project team and in this team the employees are responsible
to answer the project leader.
There are several factors which helps to develop effective teams such as communication
delegation efficiency ideas and supports (Lee, Nie and Bai, 2020). Presence of these elements
will help to get an effective team.
M3.
Theory of Bruce Tuckman is a theory which helps an organization to build effective team
in order to achieve goals and objectives of the organization. The application of this theory with
the help of its different stages in Apple Company is given below:
Forming: This is the first stage to build a team in which Apple Company identify several
peoples with the help of their abilities and skills which are best fitted within the teams.
Storming: This is the second stage in which the managers of Apple Company arrange the people
in accordance to their abilities characteristics and skills to perform various task in order to
achieve goals and objectives in the organization.

Norming: It is the third stage in which different individuals of Apple Company get the
opportunity to know each other and build and maintain a good communication and relationship
with each other.
Performing: In this Fourth stage, Apple Company combined various people to perform a task
assigned to them with the proper liability (McCallaghan, Jackson and Heyns, 2020).
Adjourning: In this last stage of theory, the Apple Company differentiate their employees and
reward them according to their performance after the achievement of goals and objectives of the
organization.
These five crucial phases are critical in the development of an effective team. Apple is
always concentrating on using this approach, which is why they are able to reach their target
market. They provide a team clear aims and objectives so that they don't have any doubts about
their ambitions. All stages are crucial, and they should be managed through the team
management process. These stages aid in the formation of an effective team that helps the
organisation meet its objectives. Companies should not focus on a single method to boost team
performance because they have several options. What strategy an organisation should choose is
determined by the market condition.
P4
Organizational behavior refers to the study of people of an organization about their
interaction and behavior within groups and teams in an organization. It is essential to know the
concept of organizational behavior as it affects and helps a business to operate more effectively.
There are three key concepts about the nature of the organization (Pathak and Srivastava, 2020).
They are given below:
Social System: According to the social system concept and organization there are some
psychological needs of people who are working in the organization. There are two types of social
system which exist in an organization and that are formal and informal social systems. The
concept of this system helps an organization to develop understanding and management of
various issues and behavioral problems which arise in an organization. In the employees of
Apple Company they also have what type of social systems that is formal at higher level but

informal at lower level. This helps the organization to manage and understand the behavior of
employees in the organization and manage the problems accordingly.
Mutual System: Both organization and people are in need of each other hence it creates a
mutual system. An organization can be run with me quality of interest between organization and
people related to the organization. Mutual interest and organization to provide supportive goals
in order to attain them in integrated efforts. In case of Apple Company, mutual system helps an
organization to connect individual goals with organizational goals and attend them with
collective efforts.
Ethics: Retention of experienced employee with the organization requires ethical treatment with
them in the organization. Apple Company always follow ethical relationship with their
employees as it is essential for the company to retain their talented employees with them in order
to achieve success in the market.
Philosophies of organizational behavior with some models
Autocratic Model: This model of organizational behavior is based on authority which has been
given to the managers in order to exercise their command over the employees of the
organization. This model states that managers have right to provide orders to their employees
and employees have to obey their orders to achieve the organizational goals. Apple also follows
this autocratic model but with taking care of the needs of their employees so that they can
provide best performance results to the organization (Patnaik and Shukla, 2020).
Custodial Model: This model of organizational behavior is related to the orientation of money
and economic resources related to the employees. Study of employees why the managers helps to
understand that they can follow autocratic style only by fulfilling the custodial model as without
this the employees can be filled with frustration and aggression which can put a negative impact
on the organization. Understand the economic needs of their employees and offers good salaries
to their employees so that they can be economically satisfied in order to work with good
motivation in the organization.
Collegial Model: This model of organizational behavior is based on management which is built
on the feeling of partnership with employees and work with a team spirit. Various departments of
Apple company works with coordination and team Spirit which is the reason for the success of

the company. The managers of Apple Company understand the value of teamwork and its
concept.
Supportive Model: This model is based on another need of employees that is a state is and
recognition for their work in the organization. Company has good performance management
system in the organization for which they provide a proper status and recognition in the
organization to the employees for their hard work. This helps the organization to motivate them
for further development and provide good productivity to the organization.
M4.
Path goal theory helps to understand the concept and philosophies of organizational
behavior. It provides the information regarding the influence of organizational behavior on the
business and its profitability (Patnaik and Shukla, 2020). Path goal theory provides various
leadership styles which needs which can be followed in organization in order to provide better
leadership to the organization. Provides the directive path achievements participative and
supportive type of leadership which helps leaders to define path to the managers of an
organization so that they can guide the workers to select suitable path in order to reach the goals
and objectives of the organization. Path goal theory also provides behavior of leaders in Apple
Company so that they can provide and manage satisfaction performance and motivation of their
employees. In directive Path the theory explains about directive leadership in which leaders
direct their followers about the instructions about the task. In supportive but it provides the
consideration behavior of employees in the organization whereas in participative leadership path
this theory provides that a leader should involve their followers in the decision making of the
organization (Patnaik and Shukla, 2020).
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion has been concluded that analyzing of organizational behavior
related to the employees and managers of the organization which has its full impact on the
productivity of the organization. In this report there is discussion related to the politics in the
company and its influence on the performance of organization. Culture plays an important role
and impacts the employees working in the company. Motivation plays a vital role in success of
an organization. So motivation is explained with the help of content and process theory. It is

important to know the difference between effective and ineffective team in the success of
company.

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