Higher Nationals Unit 12: Organizational Behavior Report - 2020/2021

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational behavior within the context of Bain and Company. It explores the influence of organizational culture, power dynamics, and politics on individual and team performance. The report delves into various motivational theories, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, illustrating how these theories impact employee motivation and productivity. Furthermore, the report examines team development theories, specifically Tuckman's stages of group development, to understand how teams evolve and achieve organizational goals. The report emphasizes the importance of employee motivation, highlighting the significance of providing incentives, recognition, and a positive work environment. Overall, the report offers valuable insights into creating a thriving organizational environment that fosters employee engagement and contributes to achieving company objectives.

UNIT 12-
ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..............................................................................................................................................3
Motivational theories...................................................................................................................................5
Maslow hierarchy of needs......................................................................................................................5
Herzberg's motivational and hygiene factors...........................................................................................6
McGregor's Participation theory..............................................................................................................7
Team development theories.....................................................................................................................7
Concept of organizational behavior.........................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..........................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behavior refers to the culture and environment of the company. It helps in
building good relationships with customers and employees working in the organization. The
culture of the organization should be good and it is study of human behavior in the company
(Alblas, Wijsman and van Noort., 2019). Bain and company is a management consulting firm
which was founded in 1973 by William W. Bain Jr.and Patrick F. Graham. Its headquarters are,
Boston, Massachusetts, US. In the present report organization culture, politics and power
influence individual team behavior and performance. Theories of motivation are discussed and
techniques of motivation. Concepts of organization behavior within the company.
MAIN BODY
Organizational culture - It refers to the value and behavior of employees in the
organization. It includes experience and make plans for future growth of the organization. It can
be defined as values and practices that guide and inform all the team members of the Bain and
company. The culture of the company should be good so that employees get satisfy and they will
give their best. All the workers should be treated equally and give respect to each other. If
employees get good environment then they will feel motivated and they will work with full
efficiency and contribute in achieving goals and objectives of the company. Bain and company
provides good quality products and the environment of the company is good, employees enjoy
working in the organization.
Organizational culture helps in improving performance of the company and employees.
It helps in improving individual performance as worker will be satisfied if culture of the
company is good. It helps in promoting team work as workers are given guidelines and
according to that they have to work. More work is given in groups so that employees interact
with each other and clear their issues if any.Bain and company try to give all the facilities to its
employees so that they can work effectively and efficiently and help in achieving goals and
objectives of the company (Jacobs and Manzi, 2020).
Power and politics - In organization culture should be good so that employees can work
properly and good product or services can be provided to customers. In every organization some

people are having power and they give instructions to other persons for how to complete the
work. It helps in influencing individual person as if a worker gets some powers from seniors like
decision making or involved in making plans, managers ask for suggestions etc. so this help in
motivating employees (Kim, Kim and Reid, 2017). When a person is treated equally and respect
is given then the worker will give best. It helps in influencing individual, team behavior and
performance as if everyone will be given power then they will work better. Team behavior is
influenced by organizational power as if leader of the team knows how to handle the situation
then team members will work efficiently. This also helps in improving performance of workers
because if they are given some powers then they will work good. Politics and power both help in
influencing individual, team behavior and performance of employees because if powers are
given workers feel motivated and they take good decisions for company which help in growth.
It also has negative impact as sometimes if power is given to one person then others will
be demotivated and will not perform well and they feel that equal treatment is not given to
everyone. In every company some people are having power and others are working according to
instructions given by seniors. This creates conflicts or issues among employees. Politics at the
workplace refers to various activities that are associated with use of influences tactics or tools to
improve the performance of employees. Sometimes this also has negative impact as this can
create problems among workers and they will not be satisfied by the environment of company. In
Bain and company employees are given some powers like to take decision on their own when
required and give new ideas so that good services can be provided to customers and build a good
image in the market (Schulte, 2018).
Employee motivation - It is important to motivate or influence every employee so that they can
work properly and labor turnover ratio of the company will be good. Employees get motivated
when managers give them incentives, bonus or any other benefits. Sometimes, managers
appraise the performance of employees who perform well and give punishments to employees
who are not performing well. Training is provided to workers so that their performance can be
improved and they can work efficiently. Employee motivation is necessary in every organization
because workers should be satisfy then they will work more efficiently. Bain and company gives
benefits to employees so that they will not take leave and contribute in achieving goals and

objectives of the company. It is important to motivate or influence employees because it will
help in improving productivity of the company.
Motivational theories
It is important to motivate employees in the organization for smooth working and helps in
creating good image in the market. There are many motivational theory that can be used by
companies to influence employees to give their best and contribute in achieving goals and
objectives.
Maslow hierarchy of needs
It is a motivational theory given by Maslow in which there are five needs of a person which
should be fulfilled and helps in motivating employees. Five needs are, self actualization, esteem
needs, belongingness or love needs, safety needs and physiological needs. All these needs help in
motivating or influencing employees so that they will work efficiently and will work hard to
achieve goals and objectives of the organization. According to Maslow these are the needs by
which an individual can be motivated. These five needs cover all the basic requirements of the
workers like, they get food, shelter, clothes, respect and other things that are required by
workers, this helps organization in increasing profit and sales and helps in effective achievement
of the organizational goals (Larijani and Saravi-Moghadam, 2018).
Self actualization need - It refers to achieving one's full potential, including creative activities.
It is the need that helps companies in achieving goals and objectives. This is a self fulfillment
need which satisfy the want of employees and motivate them to work effectively. It is the top
level of Maslow hierarchy which refer to realization of a person potential, personal growth and
experiences. It is at the highest level so managers need to focus more on this need so that
employees get motivated get influenced. This helps organizations in making plans that help in
influencing workers.
Esteem need - it is the fourth level of Maslow's hierarchy in two categories, esteem for oneself ,
employees need self respect, and it includes strength , competence, self confidence and freedom .
These needs should be fulfilled so that employees can be motivated and they will perform very
well . In this they need that every employee should treated equally and all the workers receive
respect from everyone (Srour and et.al., 2020).

Belongingness or love needs - In this needs interpersonal and feelings of a person is involved .
In this love and belongingness are important as if a person is getting love and respect from the
colleagues and the management then they will work properly and present thier best in the
company. This is the third level of Maslow's theory which is an effective need in which sense of
belonging and acceptance among social work. This needs include family, friendship, intimacy .
This need can be overcome by security needs but it is also important in an individual's life. A
person get motivated or influenced by this need as it helps in effective achievement of goals in
the organizational.
Safety needs - In this need safety and security of an individual person is considered. In the
absence of physical safety, due to natural disaster, family violence , childhood abuse etc. These
needs includes job security, grievance procedures so that employees are influenced and they keep
on working. Safety needs include, personal security, emotional security, financial security and
well bring. It also includes shelter, job security, health and safety environment. Employees want
good working culture so that they can work properly and this will help in motivating workers.
Physiological needs - these needs include air ,water ,food, sleep, health , clothes , homeostasis ,
sex . These are the basic needs which an employee want to be fulfilled so they can work properly
. Organization try to fulfilled all these needs so that employees can work properly .
Herzberg's motivational and hygiene factors -
It is also known as two factor theory which are job satisfaction and dissatisfaction . In
this people get satisfied or motivated if an employee receives achievement, recognition, work
itself, responsibility, advancement and growth. This theory helps in effective achievement of
goals of the company. In this some people are satisfied if managers appraise the work done by
them. Some employees get motivated by salary ,status, security, supervision, working condition
of the company. Bain and company provides good facilities to the employees so that they feel
motivated and work effectively. If the hygiene factors in the area is not good then workers might
do not want to work. In this it is important to satisfy employees so that it will help the company
in building good reputation in the market. It increases productivity of the organization and also
satisfy workers to give their best.

McGregor's Participation theory
In this theory there are two parts theory x and theory y . In theory x there are some assumptions
like, people lack ambition, dislike responsibility and they prefer to be directed by others. In this
people are self centered and indifferent to organizational needs and goals. In this people are not
so sharp and bright. In theory y people are not by nature passive to organizational goals, they
want to assume responsibility, they want to assume responsibility, they want their organization to
succeed, people are capable of directing their own behavior. This helps in effective achievement
of the goals of organization (Odor, 2018).
These are some theories that help in improving performance of employees by motivating them
and helps in achieving goals and objectives of the organization. Bain and company applies
Maslow theory of motivation to influence employees and give them incentives so that they give
their best.
Team development theories
In this Tuckman theory is one of the team development theory which helps the organization in
building good relationships with employees and it focuses on the way in which a team will work
and they have to achieve goals and objectives of the company by forming teams. When work is
given in teams it is easy to complete the work in a given time period because work is divided
among team members. In the Tuckman theory of development there are five stages to perform
the work i.e., forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning. These are the five stages
by which a work is done and group is formed to complete the work and achieve goals of
organization (Nwali, 2018).
Forming stage - this is the first stage in which members meet each other. It is like a orientation
day at college or when new job. In this different people come together and they introduced
themselves and everyone is interacting with each other politely. During this stage, topics that can
be discussed are, member's skills, background and interests, timeline, project goals, ground rules
and individual roles. In this all the people are new and they do not know about each other. They
come together for completing the work or task that is given to them. As groups are made roles
and responsibilities will begin to form. It is essential for team members to develop relationships
because they have to work with each other so they should know about each other.

Storming stage - This is the second stage of team development, in this stage as the members
start working together so conflicts will occur on any topic. Being in a team is like being in
relationships because goals and objectives are achieved only when all the employees of team will
work properly and they have to give their best. During this stage personality of employees clash
and their thoughts are not matching which create problems. It is important to complete the work
so team members should not fight with each other and they should focus on achieving goals of
the company.
Norming stage - During this stage employees know better about each other and people start
appreciating the strength of team members. Work is given in groups so that employees can
perform well as responsibility is divided among all the employees. In this stage, workers give
their best and try to work effectively so common goal of the company can be achieved. During h
this stage employees clear their all issues and perform together to accomplish goals of the
company. This is the stage where workers can solve their issues and work together in achieving
targets of the company.
Performing stage - During this stage employees give their best performance and work together
to achieve common goals of the company. In thia stage all the employees come together and they
work according to the instructions given by their leader and they work effectively. Team
development is important in every company because sometimes such situations arise in which
employees have to work together (Kitchin, 2017). So, to avoid conflicts managers give training
to the employees and give work in group so that employees can adjust and they learn how to
work in a team. All the employees should be treated equally and respect should be given.
Working in a team helps in increasing productivity of the organization. Bain and company is one
of the well known company because employees of the company are working together and they
divide their work which help them in completing the work on time.
Adjourning stage - This is the last stage of team development in which all the employees get
separated because the purpose of the company is fulfilled. Now all the members get back to their
work and the aim of making group is completed (Yuen Onn and et.al., 2018). This is stage where
employees feel bad because now they know about each other very well and they do not want to
get separated. At this stage all the team members build a good relationship with each other and
feel bad that they are separated. They want to work together but the purpose is fulfilled and next

time when group will be made new teams will be made and all the members will be changed.
Team development helps in achieving goals and objectives of the company (Hale and et.al.,
2019).
In Bain and company this team development helps in motivating employees and targets of the
company are achieved. Tuckman team development theory is applied in the organization, task is
given in groups so that good relation can be build among employees. If any situation arises in
which their is work load then work is divided among team and they have to complete it on time .
Concept of organizational behavior
Organizational behavior is a field that helps in investigating the impact of individual , group and
structures have on behavior within the organization. The impact helps in improving the
effectiveness of the organization. It is important to investigate that how an employee behave and
complete work in the company . It also helps in developing an understanding of the aspects that
helps in motivating or influencing employees , increase Their performance and helps
organization established good relationship with the workers. Their are some concepts of
organizational behavior i.e., individual differences, perception, motivated behavior, the desire of
involvement, value of person, human dignity (Miao and et.al., 2020).
These all are some concepts that an organization can use to improve the working of
employees. It helps organizations in making good relations with the workers so that they are
influences and work efficiently. There are four elements of organizational behavior i.e., people,
structure, technology and external environment. It is important to identify behavior of employees
within an organization because if workers are not satisfied then they will not work properly and
they will make mistakes which is loss for company. For example if in the company workload
comes then all have to work in a team to complete the work on time. All the team members are
responsible for completing their work and it should be done properly. Bain and company
provides good working environment to the employees so that they get motivated or influenced.
Managers of the company maintains good relationship with the workers and motivate
them to work properly by giving them bonus, incentives, gifts or any other non monetary benefit
which will help in influencing or convincing workers. Motivation helps in increasing
productivity of the company and builds good image in the market. If in the company workload

comes then roles and responsibilities are divided among team members and they have to work
according to the instructions given by the managers. Leaders are made to ensure that all Team
member will complete their work on time and doing work efficiently. Employees are given
rewards if they perform well and punishments are also given if they are not performing well.
Training is provided to employees so that they can work better and next time they will complete
their work on time (Balwant, 2018).
CONCLUSION
From the report it can be concluded that, organizational behavior is important in every
company because employees should know how to behave in the organization and companies
should provide good working environment to the workers so that they will give their best.
Organizational power, politics and culture helps company in influencing employee and
motivating them to give their best so that goals can be achieved. Motivational theories are
described such as Maslow's hierarchy theory , theory x and theory y, Herzberg's theory. All these
motivational theories are described and how it helps organization in achieving targets of the
company. Tuckman team development theory is discussed and it helps in effective performance
of the employees and this improves performance.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
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Balwant, P.T., 2018. The meaning of student engagement and disengagement in the classroom
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Jacobs, K. and Manzi, T., 2020. Conceptualising ‘financialisation’: governance, organisational
behaviour and social interaction in UK housing. International Journal of Housing
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Kim, M., Kim, A. C. H. and Reid, C., 2017. Positive organisational behaviour in NCAA Division
I football: a head coach's authentic leadership and assistant coaches' psychological
constructs. International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing. 17(1-2). pp.121-
143.
Kitchin, D., 2017. An introduction to organisational behaviour for managers and engineers: A
group and multicultural approach. Routledge.
Larijani, F. and Saravi-Moghadam, N., 2018. The effects of positive organisational behaviour on
entrepreneurial personality and innovation. International Journal of Productivity and
Quality Management. 23(2). pp.247-272.
Miao, Q.,and et.al., 2020. Ethical Leadership and Unethical Pro‐Organisational Behaviour: The
Mediating Mechanism of Reflective Moral Attentiveness. Applied Psychology. 69(3).
pp.834-853.
Nwali, A. C., 2018. Influence of organisational behaviour variables on the management of
employees in commercial banks. Journal of Education and Entrepreneurship. 5(2).
pp.47-68.
Odor, H.O., 2018. Organisational change and development. European Journal of Business
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Schulte, M., 2018. Adult learning degree and career pathways: Allusions to Maslow's hierarchy
of needs. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education. 66(1). pp.62-64.
Srour, C. K. G. E. K and et.al., 2020. The Effect of Organisational Ethical Culture on
Organisational Citizenship Behaviour of Information Technology Organisations in
Egypt. MERC Global’s International Journal of Management. 8(4). pp.145-157.
Yuen Onn, C.,and et.al., 2018. The mediating effect of trust on the dimensionality of
organisational justice and organisational citizenship behaviour amongst teachers in
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Online
Organizational Behavior. 2020. [Online]. Available Through:<
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