Impact of Leadership and Behavior in Tourism and Hotel Management

This report examines the critical elements of organizational behavior and the pivotal role of managers in achieving organizational objectives within the tourism and hotel industry. It delves into leadership theories, emphasizing the use of emotional intelligence to enhance organizational effectiveness. The report underscores the importance of managers motivating employees by clearly articulating the value of goals and their benefits. It also highlights the strategic use of power and politics to maintain a positive work environment, alongside effective decision-making and problem-solving strategies. The report emphasizes the manager's role in identifying the root causes of problems to facilitate effective solutions. Key topics include self-awareness, personality traits, values, emotional intelligence, leadership styles, power dynamics, and the application of these concepts in real-world scenarios within the tourism and hotel sector. The report provides a comprehensive analysis of how these factors influence the overall success and operational efficiency of organizations in this industry.

Running head: TOURISM AND HOTEL
Tourism and Hotel
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note

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Executive summary
This assignment has looked into the necessary factors of organizational behavior and the role
played by the manager in achieving the goal. There are leadership theories and utilization of
emotional intelligence which makes it easy for the organization to improve. The manager must
be able to motivate the employees by clearly defining them the value of the goals and their
benefit. It is also mentioned how a leader must not misuse his power and use politics
strategically to maintain a smooth working environment. Another important aspect is decision
making and planning for problem solving. The manager must ensure that he plays a part in
solving the problem by identifying the main cause.

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Table of Contents
1.0 Introduction................................................................................................................................3
2.0 Self- awareness..........................................................................................................................4
2.1 Personality.............................................................................................................................4
2.2 Values and Motivators...........................................................................................................5
2.3 Emotional Intelligence...........................................................................................................6
2.4 Leadership..............................................................................................................................7
2.5 Power and politics..................................................................................................................8
3.0 Decision making and Planning..................................................................................................9
4.0 Conclusion...............................................................................................................................10
Reference.......................................................................................................................................12
Appendix 1.....................................................................................................................................15
Appendix 2.....................................................................................................................................16

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1.0 Introduction
Self- awareness refers to the clear perception of an individual’s personality which
includes the strengths, weaknesses, beliefs, thoughts, motivation as well as emotions. It permits
the individual to understand a person, his point of view, attitude and instant response. It is not
easy to draw a conclusion about self awareness but it needs a relative scale. Self awareness is
considered as the first stage in developing own skills for the present and future life. It allows an
individual to determine where he is being taken to by his thoughts and emotions. It can be
developed by an individual by being attentive on the minute details of personality and behavior.
If an individual is clearly confident of his own thoughts and practices then he will be able to
understand other well (Barrick, Mount and Li 2013). This helps in building and enhancing
personal and professional relationships. If an individual gets frustrated or reacts with anger, then
many thoughts and emotions are raised for the emotions.
Professional development indicates the urge to earn and retain the professional
documentations like coursework, informal learning opportunities and conferences. It is
considered as collaborative and incorporating in its evaluation stage. The purpose of professional
development is to improve and develop the learning for both the teachers and the students.
Professional development is required in business for those who have gained a long term
experience. It assures of providing competence in the life of the professional. This is a never
ending cycle till the end of the professional career (Bateman 2016).

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2.0 Self- awareness
2.1 Personality
It is extremely important to have an idea of one’s own personality. Developing self-
awareness is necessary for boosting up strengths and lessening the weaknesses. To keep learning
and improve own life, I need to develop myself. I must keep myself in the right situation with the
correct mindset for survival. Just knowing oneself is not enough, but the essential thing is to seek
for a strong reference for further modification and improvement of oneself towards the reference.
Personality depends on how well a person knows himself as well as others. The characteristic
traits of being expressive, extrovert, reserved or lazy can give a clue about an individual’s
personality through observation and introspection with few limitations. Information can be
gathered about another individual’s personality by listening to him. Knowing the personality of
oneself helps in creating the future by variety of abilities. This involves putting one in the right
place (Buble, Juras and Matić 2014).
The Myers Briggs theory was developed as an adaptation of the theory of Carl Gustav
Jang. There are four references for the Myers Briggs theory which decides if I want to deal with
people and things (Extraversion or E) or ideas and information (Introversion or I); facts and
reality (Sensing or S) or possibilities and potential (Intuition or N); logic and truth (Thinking or
T) or values and relationship (Feeling or F); well structured lifestyle (Judgment or J) or an
undisciplined one (Perception or P). In this theory, there should be a preference of one over the
other in each pair. The letters are then combined in association with the preference for achieving
the Myers Briggs personality type. If the preference is I, N, F, and P for instance, then the
personality type will be INFP. But all the eight styles are used even if there are preferences
(Chan et al. 2015).

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The big five personality traits include openness, neuroticism, agreeableness, extroversion
and conscientiousness. These are the dimensions that build up the individual’s overall
personality.
2.2 Values and Motivators
There are certain values, attitudes and motivators which are important for my own
survival as well as the characteristics that can be passed on to the next generations. It is
important to appreciate or acknowledge someone in the course of everyday life. Believing in
others can be an attitude or a courteous gesture that can motivate and encourage someone in
crisis. Caring for me as well as for others will signify a helping nature on my part. Loyalty,
bravery and tenacity are reflected by the commitment of an individual. A commitment is
integrated out of the promise made and the expectation that is created (Coccia 2014). Every
individual is bound by human condition. Everyone takes care of each other irrespective of the
caste, creed, race and culture. The small gesture or posture like holding the door for someone and
pulling the chair for someone to sit, carry an impression about the individual and his
compassionate behavior. Dedication is something very important for an individual until the
situation becomes worst. I must keep on trying but not give up till the situation demands so.
There can be some unfavorable situation when things will not go properly and when the
base of faith will shake, it is essential to stay devoted to the cause or to a person. Despite the
outcome, the effort is always valued when it is authentic and carries good intention. Forgiveness
is another characteristic value which does not actually clear the sins of the convict but the person
who forgives can feel better and move on. Friends are those people who provide constant support
and guidance in difficult times and gets associated in all celebrations. The value of gratitude
enables an individual to be thankful for the temperamental life that he has got (Dinh et al. 2014).

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Being honest will let me realize that I am doing the right thing. Therefore, it can be said that
hope keeps a person alive and integrity measures the reaction of a person. Love is the ultimate
characteristic which makes the life of an individual beautiful and precious.
2.3 Emotional Intelligence
Emotions are referred to as the characteristic which serves biological purposes like giving
signal when the necessities are not fulfilled. There are consequences which vary from social,
mental to physical according to the ability to deal with emotions. Ignoring or rejecting such
emotions will lead to unhappiness, physical illness or even death. On the other hand, individuals
who have high emotional intelligence are successful in their career and also enjoy a healthy,
happy and better life than others (Frederick 2014). The feelings associated with high level of
emotional intelligence are motivation, desire, friendship, connection, focus, appreciation,
fulfillment, contentment, peace of mind, autonomy, awareness, freedom, balance and self-
control. Then, there are feelings with low levels of emotional intelligence, for instance,
loneliness, failure, fear, victimization, frustration, dependence, guilt, anger, emptiness,
resentment, bitterness, obligation, depression, disappointment, instability and lethargy.
The processing of emotions in brains is responsible for making an individual out of
emotion. The correct response of the brain involves emotion in one part of the brain which is sent
to another area for processing. The bond between the rational and the emotional parts of the
brain starts developing from the infant stage. A combination of the emotional and cognitive
intelligence is necessary for the human beings to carry out their functions in the world. Attention
can be paid to the emotion and the individual can learn to manage them. I will consider the
Ability Model of Emotional Intelligence for setting up standard criteria for all the new
intelligence (Gilbert, Horsman and Kelloway 2016). This model has the ability to perceive and

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integrate emotion for facilitating thoughts, understanding of emotions and regulating them for
promoting personal growth. As per this model, the Emotional Intelligence has four different
types of ability- emotional perception, use of emotion, understanding emotions and managing
emotions. Since the Ability model of Emotional intelligence is a series of emotional problem
solving items, so it is considered as a true model of cognitive ability. It involves more of thinking
power as compared to intuition.
2.4 Leadership
Leadership is the potential of an individual of getting the work done by someone else by
using own power or authority. An effective leader is someone who will create an inspiring of the
future in front of the people (Girma 2016). The vision should be realistic, convincing and
attractive and should portray a transparent image of what should be the future goal. It helps in
setting up the priorities and provides direction so that what is planned can be achieved. It is the
leader’s ability to motivate, inspire and encourage people who will help him to deliver the future
vision. A leader can use expectancy theory to connect between hard work and good results. This
will inspire the people to work hard and attain success because everyone wants to get rewarded.
People always put their belief on the leaders and admire them because of their expert power.
As a leader, I will motivate the people by using my power as in offering bonus in the
festive season or for extra work. While starting a new project, I will encourage them by
mentioning the benefits of participating in the project, if they lose interest later then I will work
hard to connect their needs and aspirations with the vision of the project. I will assure if the work
required for delivering the vision is properly managed. I will also look after individual and team
development in my organization which will be understood by team dynamics (Haslam et al.
2014). I will look for the necessary skills and abilities that will enable the people to do their job

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and achieve the targeted vision. Regular feedback, training and coaching makes it easy for the
leaders to improve the organizational performance. At the same time, I will also look for
leadership skill in others. By developing the potential required for leadership I will build up such
an environment which can deliver long term success in the organization.
2.5 Power and politics
Power is the potential that is acquired by a person and he utilizes it to get the works done
by others. It can be regarded as the opportunity to build, make and create history in a new
direction (Hilton 2017). Power in an organization can be classified into some categories (please
refer to appendix 1)
The consequences of power will be commitment, compliance and resistance. The leaders
get the power by practicing their power- oriented behavior, position power and personal power.
The power is exerted by building expertise and working on the visibility of job performance. If
contacts with the senior and experienced people can be expanded, then it will lead to seeking of
opportunities to increase name recognition. With power comes empowerment, for which the
employees must be trained to expand their power and their new influence potential. Politics in an
organization is caused by acquiring, developing or utilizing power and other resources to get the
preferable outcome in an unfavorable situation. The political tactics include putting the blame on
others, creating a favorable image or developing a base of support (j Mullins and Christy 2013).
As a manager, I will use politics strategically in my organization. The style of authority,
influence and the preferred managerial behavior will be established at the top of my
organization. I will ensure that my organizational governance and its implications will be
indicated by a significant control of the major resources by the members of a dominant coalition.

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My behavior must not be swayed away by the effect of power but produce the greatest good for
the largest number of people. My behavior must respect the rights of all affected parties and
abide by the rules of justice (McShane, Olekalns and Travaglione 2013). There are certain
factors like open communication, free flowing information, peer pressure against politics and
more which can limit the effects of political behavior. In spite of respect for justice and human
rights about ethics in organizational politics, there is a tendency to create an atmosphere of
power and politics.
3.0 Decision making and Planning
Every individual nowadays, is associated with problem solving and decision making.
There is a tendency that when an individual face a problem they try to react with a decision that
had been helpful before. This approach seems easy because it pertains to solving the same
problem time and again. So, it is required to get used to an organized approach for the process of
solving problem and making decision (Miner 2015). It is not mandatory for every problem to be
solved and decisions to be made by rational approach though. It is important to follow certain
guidelines to get through. The first step includes identification of the problems which further
includes understanding of the problem, prioritizing it and understands my role in the problem. As
a leader or manager I will have to look at the probable causes which had given rise to the
problem. Once the roots of the problem are identified it will be easy for me to determine
alternative approaches for solving the problem and then sort out the appropriate one. The action
plan will be based on the best alternative approach of the problem. The ultimate steps include
keeping a check on the implementation of the plan and verification of the solving strategy if it
was effective or not (Nahavandi 2016).

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To operate an organization, the important activities are planning and decision making,
organizing, leading and controlling. As a manager I will have to plan the managerial functions
where I will establish goals and mention the means and methods of attaining those goals. So,
planning is the platform on which future activities stand. It refers to thinking in advance before
doing the work. It is important to take care of the long and short term future directions by
assuming the future behavior and determining my organization’s desired role (please refer to
appendix 2). Goals in plan signify the end state of target and the desired results of the
management. Action statements in a plan represents that methods by which my organization will
move ahead to achieve the desired goal (Northouse 2015). This will help me to indicate a course
of action for the future to achieve the specific outcome.
4.0 Conclusion
It can be concluded from this assignment that organizational behavior looks into the
impact that an individual, group or structure have on the organization for applying knowledge to
improve the organizational effectiveness. The nature of organizational behavior is an
interdisciplinary approach which centers on humanistic and optimistic approach. The key
disciplines to the field of organizational behavior are psychology, sociology, social psychology,
political science, economics and anthropology. At the same time, organizational behavior has to
face some kind of challenges like improving ethical behavior, managing diversity, globalization
to respond and creating positive work environment. Improving the quality and productivity along
with customer service and customer skills also tend to be a hurdle in the path of organizational
behavior. By maintaining organizational behavior I will be able to manage effective human
resources which will help my organization to make cordial industrial relations. It will be helpful
in field marketing and also help the employees to understand them in a better way. There are

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cooperative relationships in the organization which help in getting the objectives by leadership,
communication, adaptation of organizational climate use of power and sanction and controlling
and directing behavior. Thus, organizational behavior is a guide to the life of the organization.