Organisational Behaviour: An Analysis of 1Spatial PLC

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Organisational Behaviour

ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................................................... 3
LO 1 Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in an
organisational context..................................................................................................................................... 4
Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance..................................................................................................................... 4
LO2 Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal.............................................8
Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable
effective achievement of goals in an organizational context..............................................................8
LO3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively with others..........................12
Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team...................................12
LO4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour to a given business situation
........................................................................................................................................................................... 16
Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour within an organisational
context and a given business situation................................................................................................. 16
Conclusion...................................................................................................................................................... 20
References....................................................................................................................................................... 21
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Introduction
Employees are the important asset of an organisation. There are many factors under
organisation that affect working of individuals and teams. For example, organisational
culture, politics and power influence a lot the behaviour of employees. The organisational
culture must be friendly for the individuals so that they can work fully and achieve the
desired results. At the same time, power and politics are equally important. Motivation acts as
an additional force to get work done by the employees. There are many different motivational
techniques used by organisations to create enthusiasm among individuals. For this
assignment, 1spatial, PLC has been chosen as an example of organisation.
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LO 1 Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour
of others in an organisational context
Analyse how an organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual
and team behaviour and performance
An organisation is made up of its employees. Someone has rightly said that employees are
more important than customers as employees come first so they must be treated diligently.
Every organisation has its own culture, politics and power influence on employees which to a
great extent affect the business. Before understanding its impact, it is important to first
understand these terms.
Organisational culture can be defined as the accumulation of beliefs, standards, policies and
other factors that affect the behaviour of an individual (Elsmore, 2017). 1spatial has very
encouraging culture that influences its employees to work in collaboration and achieve the
goals defined. 1spatial has shown a good growth over the time and therefore, has served as a
platform for the teams that want to learn more and gain profit for both the parties (employer
and employees).
On the other hand, organisational politics and power can be stated as a process of employee
interactions with authorities in the organisation. Its mail logic behind it is to bring positive
changes in the organisation so that employees and organisation could be benefitted through it.
The organisational politics and power within 1spatial is described with the help of following
figure-
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Figure 1: Organisational power and politics (Cacciattolo, 2014)
The weeds- they can be the informal individuals forming a networking of their own. The
weeds are not good for the organisation, but as everything has an exception, sometimes they
also prove to be good. The important thing here to be noted is that they must be checked out
regularly so that they may not harm the organisation.
The rocks- as the name suggests, sometimes they prove to be highly beneficial at the time of
crisis for the organisation. Sometimes at the 1spatial too, very hard politics and capital power
are to be used by the manager so that waste could be reduced and maximum profit could be
gained.
The high ground- 1spatial’s rules, regulations, laws, terms, conditions, standards, policies,
guidelines all are designed by the formal group under this stage. It keeps the organisation in
‘form’. They also serve to be as the vital foundation stones of an organisation.
The woods- in every organisation, there are some hidden assumptions that are necessary for
it. Some of the organisations take these very seriously while others may not.
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Influence of 1spatial’s culture, politics and power on individual behaviour and
performance-
It is of no doubt that 1spatial gives a huge platform to its employees to grow and develop
further. It is because of which the company is able to satisfy its employees and customers in
all the possible ways. The employees’ performance has shown a positive growth with the
culture, power and politics of 1spatial. Its influence on individual behaviour is explained as
below-
Well-being- the employees enjoy the status of well-being in the culture provided by 1spatial.
It works at its best to provide varied opportunities to its employees so that they may grow
professionally and personally too.
Source of motivation- 1spatial organisation tries to maintain power and politics in such
conditions that they act as motivational force for the employees. Every employee working
under this organisation knows their limit and work in a way to gain profit for the company.
High performance- 1spatial has always tried to provide innovative culture and has followed
participative power with its employees so that they can show their skills and use them wisely.
This has always led to the high performance of the employees (Ramdhani and Ainnissyifa,
2017).
In addition to this, there are certain more factors which have influenced individual behaviour
like job satisfaction, high job performance, identification of each element of 1spatial,
commitment towards work and job involvement.
Moreover, innovative culture, influencing power and participative politics has helped forming
strong teams within 1spatial because of which the organisation has made many IT software
and has satisfied the customers. Its influence on team behaviour and performance has been
highlighted through the following points-
Attaining objectives- it becomes easy for the teams formed at 1spatial to accomplish
projects on time and thus, it helps to attain objectives easily and timely. It tries to maintain
flexibility in power so that every team member must feel free to deliver his ideas and team
could use them wisely.
Continuous improvement- with the positivity in power and politics within 1spatial, the
teams have shown continuous improvement. This can be proved through the fact that the
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company has a turnover of £10 Million. Thus, high team spirits are the source of good results
and high profit.
Competitive- with the growth and development, 1spatial has proved to be competitive in the
computer software industry. With its high and quality performance, great customer
satisfaction has been achieved which has proven positive for both organisation and
employees.
Work quality- the work quality highly depends upon the performance of employees. As
employees of 1spatial have shown quality performance, the work quality of teams has
automatically enhanced.
Problem solving- the culture, power being given by 1spatial has helped teams a lot in
creating problem solving environment. In such environment, quick decisions could be taken
along with timely achieved results.
Thus, in the end it can be concluded that as HR manager of 1spatial, it can rightly be said that
this organisation has helped its individuals and teams in developing fully for front and back
both ends.
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LO2 Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal
Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational
techniques enable effective achievement of goals in an organizational context
Motivation can be termed as a factor that creates zeal in the individuals to accomplish a
particular task and hit the target. It is important on the part of 1spatial to understand the needs
and requirements of employees and teams so that they can be motivated correctly (Lazaroiu,
2015). There are many theories designed for motivating individuals and teams to achieve a
goal. They are explained as below-
Content theories-
 Maslow’s need hierarchy
 Herzberg’s motivational theory
 McClelland’s needs theory
 Alderfer’s ERG theory
Process theories-
 Vroom’s expectancy theory
 Adam’s equity theory
 Goal setting theory
 Reinforcement theory
After understanding the changing needs of the individuals and teams, it is necessary to apply
motivational theory on them to achieve desired results. The managers of 1spatial use
Maslow’s need hierarchy on its individuals and teams to motivate them towards quality
performance and to achieve the result. This theory is explained as below-
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ORGANISATIONAL BEHAVIOUR
Figure 2: Maslow’s needs hierarchy (Cherry, 2014)
According to Maslow, there are three types of needs to be achieved for individuals and
against which they can be motivated. They are- basic needs, psychological needs and self-
fulfilment needs.
Starting from the basic needs, an individual aims to have all the basic needs like food, water,
rest. Next level under it is safety needs which aim to have security and safety of job. Thus,
employees of 1spatial can be motivated by providing them with these needs.
Under the psychological needs, one wishes to have belongingness and good relationship
among friends. The next level under it is esteem needs which are higher needs. Under it,
individuals wish to have prestige and feeling of accomplishment in an organization. Every
individual wants to have his own recognition, thus they can be motivated to earn fame in
1spatial.
The highest level in this hierarch is of self-actualization. In it, individuals make best use of
their creative ideas to achieve their goals with their full potential. Thus, these motivational
factors will create enthusiasm in them to show good results and to accomplish the desired
goals for 1spatial. Thus, through Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, employees and teams could be
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satisfied and they are made to accomplish the objectives of the business. It is also rightly said
that through motivation anything can be achieved in a right way (Datta, 2014).
Under process theories, Vroom’s expectancy theory is used by 1spatial to motivate its
employees and teams to achieve their target and goals.
Figure 3: Vroom’s expectancy theory (Parijat and Bagga, 2014)
According to this theory, there are three main elements- expectancy, instrumentality and
valence. Through this theory, individual’s behaviour is altered in a way that he may be
content in his ways and work with full zeal to accomplish the targets.
Efforts are laid by the individuals and teams at 1spatial. It is then expected that their efforts
towards business goals will lead to good performance. Continuous motivation is given to
them to use all off their skills and talents to show good performance. If good performance is
shown by the employees, then the probability of desired outcomes rises. Thus, it becomes
obvious that management will expect the possibility of attaining desired outcomes. In the last
step, the expected outcomes are valued for the employee. Their outcome is compared with the
expectancy and accordingly they are motivated. Thus, through theory, continuous motivation
is given to the employees so that they perform well and yield good results for the business.
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Moreover, there are many motivational techniques used by management of 1spatial to
understand their employees and let them understand the values of 1spatial. Thus, these
techniques help in both ways. The main steps of motivational techniques are-
 Personalization- in this, the employee is asked what motivates him
 Identification- in this phase, benefits other than money are given that brings sense of
achievement in them.
 Responsibility- the employees feel responsible and do their work diligently.
 Broadening individual’s vision- the employee is connected with profits like
incentives and they are motivated with their future requirements.
1spatial also uses different techniques of motivation that has helped the organization and
employees in various ways. Some of its techniques used are-
 Appraisal
 Giving opportunity to act as a leader
 Praises
 Helping employees with finance
 Status and standards
 Job security
 Providing job enrichment
 Competitive spirit
 Opportunity to participate in different activities
 Delegation of authority thus creating a sense of responsibility in them
Thus, it can be concluded that motivational theories and techniques used by 1spatial has
shown a positive growth in the business. They provide challenging work to the employees
and engage them in different activities. Targets are also set clear to them and measure
performance is done in the last to review their work. Employees are regularly given
supportive feedback that works as motivation too. Employees are also given specific roles so
that they can best use their strengths and talents to achieve the target. Thus, overall growth
and development of employees, teams and organization is possible by motivating them at
necessary phases so that desired outcomes could be achieved.
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LO3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively with
others
Explain what makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
There are many employees working under 1spatial. All of them have a specific goal that is to
maintain sustainability for a long run. There are many situations in the organization when
they have to cooperatively work together with each other. Without working in collaboration,
some projects could not be achieved at all.
A team can be defined as a group of individuals that engage and work together to accomplish
a particular task. In 1spatial organization, different teams are formed according to the work
assigned. Thus, different kinds of teams can be- project team, problem solving team and
functional team. All the teams formed have the common aim to hit their target within the
specified time period and bring good fortune for the business.
Tuckman’s team development model-
Figure 4: Tuckman’s team development model (Pelegrini Morita and Marie Burns,
2014)
Tuckman has clearly defined four stages in his team development model. All these are
explained as below-
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