University Assignment: Organizational Behaviour - Leadership Report

This report provides an analysis of three articles related to organizational behaviour, leadership, and innovation. The first article examines the impact of workplace diversity, relational demography, and organizational diversity on performance, social well-being, and integration, emphasizing the importance of leadership in managing diversity effectively. The second article focuses on the critical roles of leadership, creativity, and innovation in organizational success, highlighting leadership styles and their influence on employee performance. The third article explores how leader role identity influences leader emergence using social network analysis. The report offers recommendations for managers to improve organizational performance by adopting growth-oriented strategies, promoting diversity, and fostering a positive work environment, emphasizing the critical role of leadership in driving innovation and employee engagement. The analysis underscores the importance of leadership in creating a cohesive and productive workplace.

Running head: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
Organizational Behaviour
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author note

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Article 1- Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Otaye‐Ebede, L., Woods, S. A., & West, M. A.
(2017). Harnessing demographic differences in organizations: What moderates the effects of
workplace diversity?. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(2), 276-303.
Introduction
The essay helps in summarising the articles to understand the context of
organizational behaviour. The importance of the organizational behaviour has to be identified
and harnessing the demographic differences in the organization will be discussed. The effects
of workplace diversity have to be identified in the article to understand the importance of
diversity in the workplace.
Article Summary
The article describes about the effect of the work group diversity, relational
demography and organizational diversity in the workplace on performance, social well being
and integration variables. The examination of the variables is essential to moderate these
kinds of effects. With the help of Categorization‐Elaboration Model, the variables are being
reviewed that is assisting in moderating the workplace diversity on the outcomes related to
well-being. Furthermore, the definition of the strategy and the importance has been described
with different human resource practices, leadership, individual differences and culture and
climate.
Article Analysis
The article describes the benefits to the organization related to diversity wherein it
includes innovative process of decision-making process along with wider base of the
customers for the companies. The harnessing of the demographic differences in different
organizations is described, however it is seen that the diversity does not work effectively and
it lowers the morale of the employees.

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It is seen that the authors have commented that in many situations the workplace
diversity do not work as the culture are not given importance and there are communication
issues among the employees in companies. There is breed of disrespect among individuals as
there are individuals in the organizations who do not respect the other individuals of different
culture and this kind of behaviour affects the entire workplace and create tension. However,
the diversity in the workplace can bring different kind of positive level outcomes. The scope
of the review focuses mainly on demographic attributes which includes education and
functional background as they are relevant to the research along with organizations.
Presently, the workplace diversity is focusing on the performance related variable in
organizations that is organizational performance of the individuals and innovative strategies.
In the recent scenario, the research on diversity in workplace builds social categorization
perspective that examined the well being of the employees. With the help of Categorization‐
Elaboration Model that relates to workplace diversity, the two main factors categorization
and elaboration affect the performance in relation to the diversity.
Both qualitative and quantitative research has been conducted on work group and
diversity in organizations. The moderating variables are categorized into following groups
which includes climate and culture, leadership, individual differences and human resource
practices. The respective model is the only comprehensive kind of model of contingencies of
diversity in work group. The CEM model defines the diversity helps in understanding the
differences on attributes that leads to the perception of other individual wherein the concept
of another person is different.
Organizational strategy did moderate kind of effect of diversity in organization in
expected direction. The organizational diversity is positively related to organizational

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performance when the different companies pursued growth or the innovation strategy. The
work group diversity strategy did not moderate the effects of the workforce diversity.
Recommendations
Therefore, it can be recommended that the managers in different organizations need to
analyse the importance of the diversity in workplace. The recommendations that can be
provided to the managers of the organization are as follows:
 Growth oriented and diversity management strategies need to be adopted by the
managers in the organizations to improve the performance of the organization.
Promotion of the different diversity in workplace will lead to innovation in the
workplace and among the individuals for better decision making
 Secondly, the organization needs to include the different viewpoints of the different
employees to improve the performance and this will increase the diversity. The
human resource practices along with leadership theory can prove to be support system
can be effective in nature and this will create diverse groups in reducing biasness in
the group effectively
 Lastly, culture and climate have to be maintained effectively in the organizations
wherein this will increase the productivity and creativity. This kind of approach
creates positive approach in the work groups and increase the diversity in the
workplace
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that the organizational diversity and workforce
diversity is required to be maintained in the workplace as this fights the negative impacts and
create positive impacts on the workforce. The relational demography effects the creativity
and productivity effectively in a supportive manner and gain productivity.

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Article 2- Hughes, D. J., Lee, A., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Legood, A. (2018). Leadership,
creativity, and innovation: A critical review and practical recommendations. The Leadership
Quarterly.
Introduction
The article is related to the importance of leadership, innovation and creativity in
different companies. The article will discuss the creativity importance in such a manner that
identifies the leadership concept as the predictor of the team and employee performance
effectiveness. The improved definitions of creativity and leadership has been discussed with
different studies and research.
Article Summary
The article discusses that leadership is defined as the key predictor of the team,
organizational creativity and employee performance. There are different concepts that has
been included in the article are creativity, leadership, innovation, mediation and endogeneity.
The main focus is on the importance of innovation and creativity in improving the
performance of the organization. The features of creativity and innovation has been identified
and discussed with different antecedents.
Article Analysis
The article discussed about the leadership is the key predictor of the organizational
creativity and performance of the different employees. The research holds promise for the
development of the intriguing theory along with implications of the policy. The main affects
of the leadership and innovation on the performance of the organization and this allows the
different organizations to maintain the competitive advantage in the market.

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Furthermore, in the recent scenario it has been seen that both academia and industry
have tried to place upon innovation and creativity that helped in generating number of
compelling findings. The article describes that leadership is the essential concept that is
necessary in making innovations in the company, however there are gaps in the research that
has been covered. Both innovation and creativity are the processes and outcomes to introduce
and develop improved manner of doing different activities.
There are different variables of leadership that has been examined that works as the
predictor of the creativity and innovation of the workplace. There are different leadership
styles including transformational leadership, transactional leadership, servant and authentic
leadership styles. The approaches of the leadership are the best known in the organizations to
provide the employees with the motivation to improve the tasks performed by them.
Both the leadership approaches consist of lower order factors or the components and
this operationalizes these styles through single scale score. The effective leadership style
helps in encouraging and motivating the employees and the effects of such leadership style is
sub-optimal. By failing to explore the different kind of sub factors of both the leadership
approaches, it helps in building core-competencies and examination of the leadership model.
Lastly, the article describes the conceptual issues and criticisms associated with well-
established leadership theories. The review of the article includes the different kind of
leadership styles such as servant and authentic leadership that has relatively strong outcomes
and they have moderate average associations.
Recommendations
Therefore, it can be recommended that the organizations need to include the different
leadership styles along with importance of creativity in different organizations. The managers

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in the organization needs to understand the different factors to increase the creativity in the
organizations. The recommendations that can be provided are as follows:
 Managers in the organization needs to be transformational leaders as to bring more
creativity in the different tasks performed by them and this includes innovation in the
tasks as well
 Secondly, the innovative strategies are essential wherein the positive effects of
leadership are required to complete the tasks appropriately to maximise the efficiency
and achieve organizational goals
 Lastly, with proper creativity and with increased emotional intelligence with
improved communication skills. The leadership of the different managers in
increasing emotional intelligence and increases the growth in business operations
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that proper leadership is essential that is the growing
area of the enquiry in different numerous fields with intriguing fields. The study has
warranted to build understanding to identify the different mechanisms of the behaviour of the
leaders. With different comprehensive studies, the new possibilities and questions relating to
leadership and innovation has been described effectively. The issue was related to leadership
capability of employer in organizations who did not follow leadership approaches effectively.

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Article 3- Kwok, N. (2016). How Leader Role Identity Influences the Process of Leader
Emergence: A Social Network Analysis (Master's thesis, University of Waterloo).
Introduction
The article emphasises on the role of the leaders’ identity in influencing the
emergence of the leaders. A proper social network analysis has been conducted to understand
the development of the leadership and importance of the same in different organizations. The
importance of the social networks will be discussed for development of leadership.
Article Summary
The article discusses the different contemporary theories in which the main keywords
are leader identity, emergence of leader and social networks. Different kind of contemporary
theories on development of leaders has been mainly emphasized for functioning more
effectively. The other concepts that are mainly focused are self-concepts that are the
cognitive structures. The role of the leaders’ identity has been described effectually in the
context of leadership approaches.
Article Analysis
The article helps in analysis of the different contemporary theories on development of
the leadership that mainly focuses on the importance of building different skills in leadership
and the main functionality of the leaders are discussed. The main role of the identity of the
leader in the process of emergence is discussed to identify the dynamic social process.
The different scholars have conceptualized the concept of leadership as dynamic
social process and method whereby the different interactions that are social in nature are
emphasized effectively. In order to address the same gap, facilitation of the leader emergence
is necessary as this helps in quantifying the relationships between the role of the leaders and

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emergence of the leadership as well. It has been seen that leaders who has strong leadership
approach towards the organization, this provides sense of coherence to the person effectively.
These kinds of individuals help in building accurate relationships with the customers and
employees.
The other results of the article have suggested the implications of the strong
leadership style wherein the main relationship between the leaders and followers has been
analysed and described with theoretical implications. The integration of the leadership and
social networks provide several kinds of new insights to research on emergence of leader.
The respective perspective adds nuance to prior approach of leadership by providing
empirical test of interrelations between the different individuals treats and along with
outcomes of leadership.
Recommendations
Therefore, it can be recommended that:
 The contemporary leadership is increasingly recognising the essentiality of the
processes that is identity based for outcomes based on leadership
 The leaders who are the managers in the organizations has to support the employees
with implementation of leadership identity in organizations
 Lastly, strong encouragement is necessary in nature in relational processes that
includes leadership and this includes the leadership approaches importance as well
Conclusion
Therefore, it can be concluded that leadership theories that are contemporary in nature
is essential in organization. There were few limitations in contemporary leadership styles as
the managers did not provide importance to the views of employees and this caused

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demotivation among the employees. This issue has been solved with implementation of
motivation and contemporary leadership strategies.
References
Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Otaye‐Ebede, L., Woods, S. A., & West, M. A. (2017).
Harnessing demographic differences in organizations: What moderates the effects of
workplace diversity?. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(2), 276-303.
Hughes, D. J., Lee, A., Tian, A. W., Newman, A., & Legood, A. (2018). Leadership,
creativity, and innovation: A critical review and practical recommendations. The Leadership
Quarterly.
Kwok, N. (2016). How Leader Role Identity Influences the Process of Leader Emergence: A
Social Network Analysis (Master's thesis, University of Waterloo).