Organizational Behaviour Report: Analysis of Leadership and Teams

This report provides an in-depth analysis of organizational behaviour, using A David & Co Limited as a case study. It explores the influence of culture, politics, and power on employee behaviour, discussing how these factors impact team dynamics and overall organizational performance. The report delves into content and process theories of motivation, evaluating various motivational techniques and their effectiveness. Furthermore, it examines the characteristics of effective and ineffective teams, offering insights into leadership, communication, and the creation of a positive work environment. The report also touches upon the concepts and beliefs of organizational behaviour, including the significance of power dynamics, role culture, and the importance of employee needs and values, ultimately aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of organizational behaviour principles.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P1 Influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour................................................1
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................3
P 2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques. 3
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................5
P 3 Explaining the making effective team as opposing to an ineffective team .....................5
LO 4.................................................................................................................................................8
P 4 Concept and Beliefs of organizational behaviour ...........................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour investigates how group, structure and individual behaviour
influence organisation .the impact for all these is on work in bringing improvement within the
business process (Wilson, 2017). The employees' behaviour changes and is uncertain from each
other even thought are invaluable for the organisation the report will elaborate on the leadership
evaluation, culture and structure adopted by for team management. In this report is discussing
about culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in organisation and philosophies of
organisational behaviour. From this case organisation is taken A David & Co Limited which is
food and beverages related company.
LO 1
P1 Influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour.
Organisation behaviour helps to ensure the long run and success of business. It includes
business, employees, customer, society and other firms in the industry. It is important factor that
is considered regarding the growth of organisation. Organisation behaviour is effected effective
communication with its employees. It will help the organisation in creating the situation for
corrective environment (Bahrami and et.al., 2014). The culture of business depends on policies,
rules an d regulations that are developed by top management. They highly influence the
organisational culture. Besides this, they are having the power to change the entire culture. The
culture of organisation depends on the nature and size. But it is influenced by various factors
such as politics, culture, power, etc. A little change in this affects the overall organisational
culture.
Organisation culture included four types -
1. Power – some people have authority and power to take decision . The subordinates in
any situation have to follow their decision. Different special privilege are given to them .
It is important that which person to gives power by authority of company. some
subordinate follows the authority powers that affected the organisation culture behaviour
(Lindebaum and Geddes, 2016). It helps to find the new solution that applied different
powered by the authority. It helps for the equation for the effectively situation on the
organisation structure that is betterment for the organisation. It takes organisation culture
behaviour for follows authority to subordinate. Power culture is influenced negatively,
because, power is held to individual and take decisions their own hand of business.
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Therefore, it impacts on performance of employees in relation to demotivation,
dissatisfaction and negative behaviour in the workplace.
2. Task – there are different types of activities that are performed in an organisation. These
activities depend on nature and type of business and industry. Therefore, organisational
culture can be task oriented. This means that culture is entirely dependent on task that are
performed. Every employee performs different task according to their roles assigned to
them. So task oriented culture will affect overall organisational culture. It is because
upper, middle and lower level management performs different task. Task culture impacts
on positively on performance such as increase motivation, satisfaction, develop skills and
knowledge for completing all task. This will help to achieve goals of organization.
3. Person – after the task is affected the organisation , company employees are considered
more important that the organisation. Its affected that employees works together with
effective working environment (Filatotchev and Nakajima, 2014). It helps for the
organisation that person should be important that the organisation it increases more
employability in the organisation, if any organisation follows human values that it creates
different level of growth in organisation. It helps to improve fort the organisations , it
helps that the organisation implementation. For the effective person should be attracted
for the organisation . In this concept it will change different area that the productivity for
the organisation is effective concept. Person is important for the organisation. Because,
its not a working material it's a human being. If organisation is understood this value ,
working environment is good for the business or organisation. If the firm understand that
person is the most important for business, so that employees are well performed and
achieve goals. This impacts positively on behaviour and performance of worker in the
workplace.
4. Role – according to employee skills, abilities, qualification that given by the
organisation. Different responsibility for organisation that employees have to follow. It
helps that the organisation continuing profitable that better working environment. It is
responsible for their own task and to take further challenges, different roles for the
organisation (Wine, Reis and Hantula, 2014). It follows for the organisation structure in
the organisation. It helps for the organisation that helps to improve organisation structure.
It is responsibility also which possess different skills and abilities and according own task
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and to take further challenges. It helps for the equation for the effectiveness on the market
structure, it will appropriate the variable collection on the marketing. It will check the
information of the organisation. It will check the correction on the organisation it will
appropriate the organisation for the perception of the organisation.
It is needed that the perceptiveness at A David and company limited should be role
culture as in this various types of employees are employed. So the implementation of role
culture will be easy to modify the execution of workers. It will also lead to effectively group
activity and execution. Every worker in the team will know their duty that what they have to
perform and how. Every team member is given different responsibility according to their
qualities and skills. Also, it will change the method of doing task and communication. It will
change the organisation responsibility for its employees (Kilburg and Donohue, 2014). If the
employee have any idea, it will be appropriate the various information about merits and demerits
of the company that change working environment. In this method it will help employees in
betterment for the performance for the organisation. In addition to this it will help the
organisation to involve employees in decision making. With this it will be easy to take mutual
decision. Moreover, it will lead to build effective communication with supervisors. This will
create a better working environment with enterprise. Also, teams will be formed in which
employees belonging to different culture, caste, creed, etc. will be there. They will interact with
each other in order to complete their task. In this way goals and objectives will be achieved. It
will also encourage employees to take independent decision. With this their efficiency will be
enhanced. So this will lead to creating a better and positive organisational culture in A David and
company Ltd. (Lam and et.al., 2015)
Influence of Power:
There are many factors such power control, different types of power, relationship, etc.
that are highly influenced on behaviour of team, individual as well as A David and company
limited.
Types of power: There are various types of power such as connection, informational,
expert, rewards, legitimate and so on. Different power has affected various ways on behaviour of
team, individual and A David and company limited. If the company follow rewards power in
which ability to give rewards which help to satisfaction of employee in the organization and
improving their behaviour for working in the team. In the contrast, coercive power involve threat
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of termination which is highly effected on performance and behaviour of individual ultimately
they do not work in team. This can directly impact on behaviour of organization.
Different Point of view: There are number of people working in the organization. They
have different perceptions and ways of thinking, so that it impacts on performance,
communication and behaviour of individual in the workplace. Also, this effect on team working
and behaviour of A David and company limited.
Influence of Politics:
There are some factors which involve in politics of organization such as changes like
decisional, structural personnel changes etc.
Types of changes: It involves structural, personnel changes in organization which
directly impact on performance and behaviour of individual, team and A David and company
limited. Personnel change includes shifting and transfer which also impact on performance and
behaviour of employees and team in the organization.
LO 2
P 2 Evaluate how content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques
Process theory is also called need theory. It focuses on the needs of employee\. This need
of process helps to understand the different quality of employees who are working in business
environment. It will help in improving the quality and efficiency of employees. Also, it develops
employees relation with employer. Organisation implements this process and conduct the activity
for the employee that helps in improving culture. Different types of employees need changes
company working environment and gives ides for effective change. Organisation must identify
them (Lee, Shiue and Chen, 2016). It is essential that company top management listen to
employee problems. It will change the working environment with different ideas, including
suggestions of employees. Different type of organisation follow rules. Effective working
environment can differentiate the rules and regulation implemented for long term in organisation.
Motivation increases employees efficiency to identify their responsibility and the role. If
company motivate employees with its responsibility they will achieve their goals.
5. Psychological needs – in this need it has essential that every human being want to live a
life with necessary things . It includes food, cloth, shelter, water, etc. . motivation affects
them as human being want to fulfil their needs.
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6. Safety needs - this need ensure that every human get security from theft, protection from
animals. It also includes job security. It has to created the variable need to satisfying the
effective safety need for safety requirements.
7. Social need – it is the essential need for human that is connected with society. They
should also get love and affection from other (Huhtala and et.al., 2015). Social need
satisfied the human who lives in society. Social need is important that specified person
that affected the organisation.
8. Esteem need – it has included dignity, self respect of internal and external need of
organisation. Positive self – image and respect and recognition issue such as job titles,
nice work spaces and prestigious job assignments, it included all the correction for
different section working area that have to need and implement for positive effects. It
helps to improve need and implementation on the organisation
9. Self actualization – It included desire for gaining more knowledge, social services, and
creativity. It stats that what you capable of becoming. Self actualization is a term that has
been used in various psychology theories, the term was original self authentication for the
quality for the organisation. It helps that organisation related for the desire to deserve to
the organisation.
Apart from process there are various motivational theories and models as well. These are
described below :-
 Reinforcement theory –The workers can be preserved for impressive productiveness. It
consisted of four values- positivity refers to gain straighten of result as well as attitude of
workers by adding (Islam, Jasimuddin and Hasan, 2015). Something optimistic. Negative
refers to increase outcome of workers by attractive away something from them. Penalty
refers to penalize for any wrong thing or activity. Extinction defines to ignore for
something done. It has affected the organisation effectiveness. Through it, employees are
developed their behaviour for performing certain action. This help to achieve goals of
firm.
 Expectancy model - This worker make three intentional judgement that weather activity
can be done, whether result will happen or not and last the conclusion happen will be
desired or not. Relationship between efforts, performance and result are show. It is
tangled model and is most usually utilised in field if bonus and aids in generating results
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of compensation. Different types of theory accomplished roles as well as responsibility
for the organisation (Belias and et.al., 2015). It helps that organisation effective
correction on them. It helps to find the new correction on the organisation.
 Setting of goals model- better performance of employee will track to setting of goal.
More difficulties objectives refers motivation between workers. They motivation will
express that establishing target is captious to create individuals attempts to reach the
goals. If goals in not setting done so that it will affect employees performance. Effective
setting goals help to achieve target and increase motivation of employees. They easily
achieve those goals and objectives.
 Equity model – this model is applied to compare the performance level of employees
with each other. It states that employees are treated equally at workplace, if not it can
lead to dissatisfaction among them. So by giving them rewards it motivates them to put
more efforts in completing their task. They want to achieve those rewards by taking
challenges and completing it (Weare, Lichterman and Esparza, 2014). Therefore, firm
need to treat employees equally that help to increase motivation and satisfaction of
employees. This also assists to achieve the goals of company.
LO 3
P 3 Explaining the making effective team as opposing to an ineffective team
Effective Team Ineffective Team
In this team, members are encourages for the
creativity and getting the new ideas in the
company policies and decision making. They
are discussing, participating and contributing
of all members in every activity in company.
Through, misbehaving of all members, lack of
communication with the leaders, avoiding of
performance and progress assessing , no
creativity and giving no ideas in activity. So
that , the company should made efforts on more
effectiveness of team in company.
The team should be made effective by using
situational leadership for facing the different
problems and issues. They are assessing the
own progress for achieving own goals and
objectives and making decision for improving
In this team, there is no contribution in difficult
situations. They do not completing the task on
time by giving leader and managers .
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the performance (Choi and et.al., 2014).
In term of opposite an effective team members
should make efforts happy and satisfied with
each other, comfortable adopting the changes
in policies and procedures, clearly
communicating with other employees and
managers in the David and CO. limited.
The team has to made ineffective from
employees behaviour such as there is no
interest in work, giving no ideas, no creativity
in the different activity. The opposite, making
the effective team form well behaving by
employees, more creativity, giving the more
ideas in activity and encourages all the
members for participating in all the activity.
The company should make efforts for policies and procedures which are easily
understanding and measuring by team members, so that members are analysing and planning for
better working in team. Team members are always accomplishing the task on time, solving the
problems and issues, it is the making the more effective of team. But in the critical situations,
members never involving and never contributing, it is making team ineffective (Denison,
Nieminen and Kotrba, 2014).
Leadership: Leadership is methods of leading and motivating of follower or team
members. In every team, an individual's leads and motivates of their members of team. So that,
the team members are following the leaders instructions and commanding, should make the more
effective. But In the effective team, members are adopting all instructions and commanding by
giving the leader of team. By never adopting the instruction giving leader, this is making
effective team in the organization. So that, it is responsibility of a leader, should be made more
effective of ineffective team in company.
Decision Making: Contribution in decision making for planning of policies, procedures,
strategies and operations for achieving the company and individual's goals by the members is to
helping for making more effective. In the difficult situations, members are never contributing in
decision making relating to policies and procedures and avoiding of assessing for their
performance and progress, it is to make the ineffective team (Wilson, 2017). If employees are
not involved in decisions making, so that it make the ineffective team in the company. Therefore,
leaders need to create environment for involvement of employees in decision making that make
effective team.
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Problems Solving: The company should make the strategies and policies for resolution
conflicts and problems, so that team members are always contributing in solving of problems and
issues, it is to making more effectiveness of team. They are always involving in difficult
situations and problems. In the contrast, there is no giving solution and no involvement in
difficult situations and issues, it is to making the ineffective team in company. Effective team
members are always ready to solve problems through giving the ideas and opinions in the team
work. This help to achieve team goals and objectives.
Contribution: The company should make efforts for achieving the organization goals.
Team members are always needs to contribute in implementing policies, procedures and
strategies which are using for achieving goals, this make team more effective. But, in difficult
situations, members are avoiding the conflicts and problems, they are never contributing for
achieving towards goals and objectives which makes team ineffective (Bahrami and et.al., 2014).
Goals and Objectives: The team members are focusing on achieving the individual's and
organizational goals. They are always needs to contribute and resolving the conflicts which are
affecting for achieving the goals and objectives, this makes cost-effectiveness team. They are
always standing for facing any difficult situations in company. In the ineffective team, members
are never trying to resolutions of conflicts and problems, avoiding the conflicts and own
performance.
Relationship: The company should make efforts on balancing the relationship between
the team members. So that, it is to making more effectiveness in team of company. But some of
members in company, miscommunication and misconduct with other staff members which is
creating the ineffectiveness in company environment.
Motivation: The company should make strategies and policies which are using for the
motivation of employees. The company needs to adopt the various theories for employees for
motivations. By giving the motivation, team members are better performing, satisfied with their
needs and wants, taking high risk for achievement for goals (Lindebaum and Geddes, 2016). But
some of members in company, they are never motivating for work, avoiding their progress and
performance, this makes ineffectiveness in company.
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LO 4
P 4 Concept and Beliefs of organizational behaviour
Organizational behaviour is the study and way to interacting with the peoples. It is
approach which is applying in the management work. It is the important concept of resolving the
nature of peoples and organization. In this concept involving motivation, behaviour, human self-
respect, social system and values of the person.
Individual's Differences: In the organization, employees differ from each other. Not
only physical attributes but also qualities. There are differences in capacity, understanding,
learning and concluding and other. In the individual's knowledge, is important for the manager to
getting out of every employees while assigning the work.
Perceptions: This concept is based on interest and beliefs in company policies. Another
meaning of perceptions, values of human. Through this concept, managers and supervisors for
using the human values and behaviour. In this concept, manager is to determining the interest
and belief of employees in the workplace (Filatotchev and Nakajima, 2014).
Motivation: In the concept of organizational behaviour involving motivation of
employees in organization. The company should adopted various theories of motivations like
Maslow's Need, Herzberg's two factors and other theories. The David and CO. limited should
make efforts on completion of peoples needs and determining the behaviour.
Empowerment: In the organization, manager is giving the empowerment for essential to
effective performance in their task. This concept is based on employee's of belonging and their
involvement in the work. So that, through this concept company is to determining the behaviour
for direction and participation of employees in work.
Social System: In the organization, social system is involved in organisational behaviour.
There are two factors involving such as formal and informal. In this concept, manager is to
developing the factors relating to individual's communication, likes and dislikes. In this concept,
involving social needs, social values and society (Wine, Reis and Hantula, 2014).
Ethics: It is the main principle of teams, individual's and organisation as well as. It
means the setting of values and standards which are needed of employees for improving the
behaviour. The ethics of company involving policies, procedures and laws relating company. In
company, managers are adopting the code of ethics in training programmes for determining the
behaviour of employees in the workplace.
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Philosophies of Organisation Behaviour:
For improving the behaviour, mangers is to determining and using philosophies and
theories relating to organisation behaviour in the workplace.
Human Relation Behavioural Theory: The company should make efforts to
determining the behaviour by using the human relation theory in workplace. This theory is based
on employee productivity under different situations and working condition. In this theory,
employees are feeling for increasing productivity and level efficiency at work. This theory is
based on the human relation in the workplace. The company is to adopting this theory for
satisfaction of employees needs and wants, so that they are increasing their productivity. The
company is giving benefits for employees safety and security. This theory is to helping for
determining of behaviour of human. In this theory, mangers is to determining the human relation
and their behaviour (Kilburg and Donohue, 2014).
Decision Making Behavioural Theory: The mangers and supervisors has to applied in
the many decisions which are affecting of company. This theory is to determining the decisions
based on information for achieving the goals and objectives of company and individual's. It is
important that all the information are correctly and specific involving in the decision making for
organizational goals. The managers should make sure that there is no wrong information and
data involving in the decision making. This theory is to helping while company is making bad
decision of insufficient information in company.
Servant Leadership Behavioural Theory: This theory has influenced in the
organization in the past. In this theory, leaders and managers are using for achieving the success.
This theory may be influenced for create the vision and mission for achieving the goals of
organization and individual's. By this theory, managers are accepting the primary task for
viewing goals, needs and wants of employees is more important as company needs and wants. It
means,company is to providing all resources for achieving goals and standards of performance.
The company is only focusing on employees needs and wants, not their feelings. This theory is to
creating the strong relationship with the team members (Lam and et.al., 2015).
CONCLUSION
From this report it is concluded that there are various techniques and theories of
motivation that can be followed. It will help in motivating employees and increasing their
efficiency. Also, there are various types of organisational culture. It affects the behaviour of
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