Organizational Behaviour: Sainsbury's Team & Performance Report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organizational behaviour within Sainsbury's, a major international supermarket chain. It delves into the influence of power dynamics, organizational culture, and workplace politics on individual and team behaviour and performance, exploring models like French and Raven's power bases and Hofstede's cultural dimensions. The report examines content and process theories of motivation, including Vroom's expectancy theory and Herzberg's two-factor theory, alongside various motivational techniques employed to achieve Sainsbury's objectives. Furthermore, the report contrasts effective and ineffective team development, referencing Tuckman's team development model and Belbin's team roles. It also explores leadership philosophies, such as the path-goal theory, and concludes with a critical analysis of how to influence behaviour through motivational concepts, offering insights for fostering a productive and motivated workforce. This report provides valuable insights into Sainsbury's organizational structure and management strategies, making it a useful resource for students and professionals alike.

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................2
PART 1.................................................................................................................................................2
Influence of power, organizational culture and politics upon team and individual behaviour as well
as performance..................................................................................................................................2
Process and content theories of motivation and motivational techniques use to achieve set aims of
Sainsbury...........................................................................................................................................5
Ways that define influence of all elements upon individual and team performance & behaviour......7
Critical analysis based on how to influence others behaviour through application of motivational
concepts and theories.........................................................................................................................7
PART 2.................................................................................................................................................8
Development of effective team as opposite to ineffective one...........................................................8
Support of team development theories in context of developing dynamic business..........................9
Philosophies and concepts of organizational behaviour in given situation........................................9
Reflective statement based on influence of concepts & philosophies of OB...................................11
CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..................................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour comprises varied types of elements that influence or impact
a venture performance and its applicants as well either in negative or positive manner. The
current assignment will be based on Sainsbury, which falls under list of British International
supermarkets in the whole world. This study will be divided into two tasks, task one explains
impact of culture, organizational power and politics upon behaviour of employees within
company and team performance. It will define use of motivational techniques, process and
content concepts of motivation in regard to achieving aims. Furthermore, this report will
clarify team development theory that make effective team as opposite to ineffective group
and will also justify implication of philosophies and concepts of organizational behaviour
within Sainsbury context.
PART 1
Influence of power, organizational culture and politics upon team and individual behaviour as
well as performance
Work practice and nature of applicants could influence by ranges of factors either
internal or external. Follow models are utilized to determine elements that affect behaviour
and performance of team & individual within Sainsbury’s.
French and Raven model-
Legitimate power-
With this power manager can influence team as well as individual behaviour and
performance positively in term of expecting to be obedient and productive which is beneficial
for supermarket in form of increasing productivity (Kovach, 2020).
Reward power-
When manage and leader use this power in influencing manner like without making
any differences between male or female employees, it could lead to increase performance of
team members and individual worker (Huo, Flynn and Zhao, 2017). Furthermore, in affect in
positive manner upon behaviour of people by increasing their motivational level.
Expert power-

Manager within Sainsbury’s have excellent skills and knowledge which make them
expert in field of management. When he or she share experience and knowledge with all team
members and individual worker it increases staff’s performance and improve it even better
(Gearin, 2017). When management conduct this practice, it encourages people to work with
brand for longer period of time as it considers as influence on behaviour.
Figure 1French & Raven
(Source: French and Raven's Five Forms of Power, 2020)
Referent Power-
This ability leader can utilize in order to influence performance and behaviour of
applicant and team members in ethical & positive manner. For example, by respecting
employees’ performance and hard work they can use this type of power that affect positively
in form of increasing motivational level.
Coercive power-

In influence in negative manner upon behaviour of groups and single applicant
because leader use his or her power to punish people after any mistake which he or she does
at workplace.
Hofstede’s cultural dimensions-
Power distance-
With this culture Sainsbury management could influence performance and behaviour
of employee and group in negative manner because it drives them towards conducting
practices by taking differences or in form of inequality.
Collectivism vs individualism-
Individualism culture impact negatively because it allows person to think about
completing own work instead of supporting other employees (O'Neill and et.al., 2016). While
collectivism culture within Sainsbury boost performance level of all applicants and motivate
them because each work like to work in a team as it helps to accomplish daily work on time.
Uncertainty avoidance index-
It distinguishes into two different levels such as high and low uncertainty. When
Sainsbury management adopt culture where people could not be able to tolerate challenging
environment it impacts performance and behaviour of teams as well as individual in negative
manner.
Femininity vs masculinity-
With this type of culture, chosen supermarket could not influence performance of
applicants and group negatively (Ghulam and Nazir, 2018). When management conduct
differentiates practices at workplace and make differences between male and female workers
it can affect in negative manner in term of decreasing sales.
Short term vs long term orientation-
Company with short term orientate culture influence performance and behaviour in
form of allow applicant and team members to focus on achieving current goals instead of
further. While long term-oriented firms concentrate on current and future success factors and
encourage all workers to gain these by working even better.
Restraint vs indulgence-

When management permit employees and teams about work without taking too much
stress it influences positively upon their performance and behaviour in term of taking
decision to work with supermarket for longer period of time. While restraint culture impact
negatively in form of decreasing performance after restricting people at workplace to share
idea and communicate.
Influence of politics in Sainsbury-
Sainsbury has managed several operations and functions of its business in effective
manner by taking right decisions. It works with skilled applicants who are able to perform
even better daily. Their performance could influence in negative manner when manager
conduct his or her practices by playing politics at workplace. For example, provide
employment opportunities to only few people who are favourite is a kind of organizational
politics which lead to decrease performance level of other workers and demotivate them.
Process and content theories of motivation and motivational techniques use to achieve set
aims of Sainsbury
Content theory-
Vroom expectancy of motivation-
Expectancy-
According to this term, each employee has specific expectation towards company’s
management (Lloyd and Mertens, 2018). When the expectancy of applicant like home, good
pay and other can fulfil by manager of Sainsbury, it leads to increase performance and
motivation level that drive each worker toward achieve objectives and goal of frim.
Instrumentality-
Leader can use ranges of approaches and methods to encourage staff which in return
increase performance and morale of employees.
Valence-
According to this concept, when manager appraise staff performance and develop
plan to reward them in term of incentives it influences and encourage people for longer
period of time (Adamu and Shakur, 2018). Furthermore, it also helps leader to build a strong
group of workers at workplace and allow to obtain desire results.

Process theory-
Herzberg theory of motivation-
Hygiene factors-
These elements impact negatively and demotivate staff which turn into decrease
performance of Sainsbury. Inappropriate structure of salary and lack or poor of supervision
are included in this category of factors.
Figure 2: Herzberg Theory
(Source: Herzberg’s Motivation Theory – Two Factor Theory, 2018)
Motivators-
Furthermore, by recognizing needs of workers and then providing facilities to them
accordingly it leads to boost motivational and productivity even better.
Motivational techniques-

Ranges of employee motivation approaches are accessible in business world that
leaders and managers can consider while playing role within Sainsbury. For example, the
most common and excellent method that could take is payment, when manager identify hard
work and efforts of each worker they can motivate them by paying extra in term of reward. It
successfully and appropriately encourages staff members and boost his or her performance.
Furthermore, management can develop award recognition plan that also help manager
and leader to motivate existing and new applicants. Through this technique firm can monitor
daily performance and contribution of worker at workplace in context of achieving set aims
and objective as well.
Ways that define influence of all elements upon individual and team performance &
behaviour
As discussed above politics, power and organizational culture influence team and
individual performance and behaviour in positive manner because when management use all
these components without making any differences base on age, gender, work, colour etc as
well as conduct favouritism practice. Furthermore, it influences or impact negatively when
manager take favour of specific group of people at workplace and rewards them only, it
affects performance of other workers in negatively in term of decreasing productivity level
and motivational as well that is not suitable for Sainsbury growth.
Critical analysis based on how to influence others behaviour through application of
motivational concepts and theories
From above analysis, it has been discussed that leaders influenced behaviour and
productive nature of candidates successfully and effectively by following principles &
implementing suggestions in context of Vroom expectancy of motivation theory and
Herzberg model of inspiration (Khan and et.al., 2018). For instance, when leader could
recognize performance of all workers and provide rewards to them fairly and equally, it
influences behaviour of staff members in positive manner in form of increasing commitment
level towards accomplishing work and contributing in regard to achieve goals and business
objectives.
Conclusion and suggestion-
It has been concluded that by following and considering motivational methods leader
has excellently motivated staffs which in return provide benefit to them in term of increased
performance of Sainsbury.

 Leader should enable company and group to succeed by encouraging each applicant
via using the latest and most effective approaches of motivation.
PART 2
Development of effective team as opposite to ineffective one
Tuckman’s team development model-
Forming-
It includes a duration of obtaining desire outcomes and orientation. In order to build a
team who is more productive, leader can reduce uncertainty among people at workplace
(Solomon, 2020).
Storming-
This phase is quite complicated because leader at this stage needs to solve conflict and
problems which arise between group members.
Norming-
After solving workers problems leader can drive all of them towards making
themselves comfortable while working at workplace.
Performing-
At last after receiving satisfaction and obtaining motivation, leaders can build a team
who can perform even better.
Belbin typology-
Resource investigator-
This role can build a team at workplace within Sainsbury by allocate key resources to
each worker.
Monitor evaluator-
This role as compare to others are quite effective and useful because it helps to build
productive team by monitoring and then improving their performance.
Specialist-

Leader and manager are specialist persons within Sainsbury who are able to build
productive group of members.
Planner-
Leader by playing this role can develop a strong workforce at workplace against to
ineffective one by making growth strategy and plans.
Implementer-
Leader can play this role successfully by applying and implementing strategies or
plans develop by management in order to grow business of Sainsbury.
Shaper-
Leader can play this role by shaping workers or group of members through providing
effective directions and guidance.
Coordinator-
By conducting coordinative practices leader can build effective teams as opposite to
ineffective one, which is quite beneficial.
Team workers-
Team members can play vital role in context of building effective group of workers
by working with them and contributes to accomplish daily work.
Challenges in group development-
When conflict arise at workplace workers drives towards solving it by taking right
action which can also help to build effective team.
Effective team as opposite to ineffective-
Effective group of workers are quite different from unproductive one because they are
high active and productive in context of achieving common aims within Sainsbury, while
ineffective team is less interested to perform actively.
Support of team development theories in context of developing dynamic business
Leader by following all principle and implementing suggestions of Tuckman team
development theory as well as Belbin team roles successfully build dynamic business in
context of Sainsbury.

Philosophies and concepts of organizational behaviour in given situation
Path goal theory-
Directive path-
Leader within Sainsbury can use directive leadership style which is quite beneficial
for its business as well as workers performance. It helps them to guide people at workplace
which in return improve performance level of company in effective manner (Boulu-Reshef
and et.al., 2020). With this style leader can boost productivity of workers effectively and
increase his or her motivational level.
Supportive path-
Other style that leader can use to influence people and behaviour of workers in ethical
manner is supportive one (Elsaied, 2019). For example, leader can boost performance and
productivity of employees by taking part in his or her daily work at workplace in form of
supportive role which increase motivation extent and morale of staff members rather than last
few months or years.
Participative path-
This leadership style also influences performance of workers as well as Sainsbury in
ethical manner. By participating in employees work and team project, leader could improve
abilities and skills of workers and allow them to accomplish work on time which is quite
beneficial (Hayat Bhatti and et.al., 2019). Furthermore, leader can also motivate workers to
work excellently by providing appropriate recommendations that help to perform even better.
Achievement oriented-
All the styles are useful and beneficial for Sainsbury and its success, leader can use
other one as well like achievement orientation which make them capable to create
challenging situation in front of candidates that drive each of them towards finding solutions.
This practice can build a team who can work excellently and increase sales of chosen
supermarket successfully.
Contingency theory-
Just like the above leadership styles and concepts, contingency philosophy could also
bring a lot of benefits for Sainsbury and its applicants as well. This style recommend leader

that he or she can chose any form of leadership but first of all needs to analyse overall
situation which is very important as it help to obtain desire outcomes.
Reflective statement based on influence of concepts & philosophies of OB
As discussed above, while working in a team which is productive leaders, managers,
workers and company has gained several benefits for example it helps to accomplish work on
time, deliver products to target customers which in return increase sales, profits margin and
productivity.
Furthermore, leader by using path goal theory leadership styles can influence
positively on team performance by increasing their productivity, but it also influence
negatively when styles would be taken without analysing current situation.
CONCLUSION
By summing up above discussion, it has been summarized that Sainsbury has
successfully operated and managed its business within retail industry by conducting ethical
practices in term of using power at workplace in positive and fairly manner. By using
motivational technique or method, leader has motivated its workers who are able to increased
performance of business and support them to gain competitive advantages. Furthermore, it
has been identified that manager and leader build effective team at workplace in opposite to
ineffective groups by following principles of team development theory such as Tuckman. By
using right leadership style leader has influence behaviour of candidates in positive manner.