Organisational Behaviour Report: A David Company Analysis

This report delves into the core concepts of organisational behaviour, examining how culture, politics, and power dynamics influence individual and team behaviour within an organisation, specifically referencing the 'A David Company'. It explores various organisational cultures, highlighting the importance of a role-based culture for employee performance. The report further evaluates motivational theories, including content and process theories like Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and discusses motivational techniques. Additionally, it contrasts effective and ineffective team characteristics, incorporating the Belbin model for team roles. Finally, it applies organisational behaviour concepts and philosophies to a given business situation, offering insights into how these elements impact workplace dynamics and overall organisational success. This report provides a comprehensive analysis of organisational behaviour principles and their practical applications.

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction......................................................................................................................................1
LO-1Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the behaviour of others in an
organisational context......................................................................................................................1
P-1Organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour..........1
LO-2- Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal......................................2
P-2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques...........................2
LO-3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively with others.........................3
P-3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team......................................3
LO- 4Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour to a given business situation5
P-4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour .....................................................5
M-1 Culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence individual and team
behaviour and performance.........................................................................................................6
M-2 Behaviour of others through the effective application of behavioural motivational
theories, concepts and models.....................................................................................................6
M-3 team and group development theories to support the development of dynamic
cooperation..................................................................................................................................7
M-4 Concepts and philosophies of OB and its influence on behaviour......................................7
Conclusion:.................................................................................................................................8
References:.......................................................................................................................................9

Introduction
Organisation behaviour is very important factor that is considered regarding the growth of the
organisation. It helps in ensuring the long run and success of the business. Organisation
behaviour includes how the business is interacting with its employees, customers, society and
other firms in the industry. This report will show the different environmental factors like political
and cultural that is existing in the A david company. It also theories of motivation and
motivational techniques for effective achieving of goals. It also demonstrate characteristics of
effective and ineffective team. The concepts and philosophies of organisation behaviour is also
been analysed shows that . The cited firm belongs to a medium size enterprise.
LO-1Analyse the influence of culture, politics and power on the
behaviour of others in an organisational context.
P-1Organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour
According to handy there are four types of organisation culture -
1- Power – When the power remains only in hands of few people. They are treated with some
special privileges and have the power to take major decisions. Subordinates don't have any
option but to follow their decision.
2- Task- Mostly four to five members who are having same type of interests and specialization.
Each one contributes equally in its own innovative way in a given task.
3-Person- A culture where employees are given more importance than organisation as a result
organisation suffers(Wood, Zeffane, Fromholtz, 2016) They are not loyal towards organisation and
their main motive becomes to earn money.
4- Role- According to employees skills, qualification and abilities they are given tasks. In this
along with given task their comes a responsibility also which means they are ready to take
challenges and is responsible for their own task.

It is required that the culture at A David and company limited should be role culture as in this
different types of employees are working which possess different skills and abilities and
accordingly they are given task. To increase company potential and productivity it is important
that each individual give their best. It will have an effect on its cultural environment and team
behaviour. So by implementing role culture it will be easy to improve the performance of
employees as the given company produces variety of products. It will also lead to effective team
work and performance. every worker in the team will be given role and responsibility according
to their qualification this will make them ready for taking future challenges for their own work. It
will also give them power to make changes in their decision for working effectively. This will
increase the relation between employer and employee (Mullins, and Christy, 2013). At every level
in company their will be change in culture of working which will lead to achieve goals and
objectives of A David and company. effective performance can be achieved if there is autonomy
in decision making process. If employees are not involved in decision making it will frustrate
them and their productivity will be decreased.
The culture can be identified into four categories depending upon the nature ans size of
organisation. The nature can be divided into role, power, task and person. It helps in analysing
the organisation nature and which type of following culture can be best used in order to achieve
goals and motivating the employees.
LO-2- Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a
goal
P-2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques.
The content theories focus on the needs and wants of employees. It can be also called as need
theory of motivation as it fulfils the wants and needs of every employee and concentrate on
determining the importance of what motivates us. It includes theories of Abraham maslow,
Frederick herzberg, etc. maslow theory describes basic human needs in five categories-
Psychological needs – Basic needs that every human being wants to live a life. It includes food,
clothes, shelter, water,etc.

Safety needs – These are the needs which is required to ensure that every human gets security
from theft protection from animals, etc. it includes health scrutiny, job security and financial
security(Coccia, , 2014.)
Love needs- It includes needs which connect humans to their society, friends,etc. They should
also get love and affection from others.
Esteem needs- It is of two types internal and external. Internal includes self respect, dignity,etc.
while external includes power, status, recognition and admiration.
Self actualization- It includes desire for gaining more knowledge, social service and creativity.
stats that what you are capable of becoming.
The process theory states that how behaviour can be energized, evaluated or analysed in an
employee as it influences the working of each employee. Four process theories are gaol setting,
equity, expectancy and reinforcement.
Reinforcement theory- It shows that how strengths of an employee can be maintained for
effective productivity. It consists of four principles- Positive means to increase the strength of
response and behaviour of employee by adding something positive. Negative means to increase
the response of employee by taking away something from them(, Olekalns and et..al,
2013.).Punishment means to punish for any wrong thing or work. Extinction means to ignore for
something done.
Expectancy model- in this employee makes three voluntary decision that whether the job can be
done, whether outcome will occur or not and last the outcome occur will be desirable or not. It
shows the relation between effort, performance and outcome. It is a complex model and is most
commonly used in field of incentives and helps in generalisation of results of compensation.
Equity model compares effort and rewards of similar work done of one employee with other. It
motivates them to be treated equitable at workplace. The results and efforts of each employee is
compared and if these are treated as fair then every one feel motivated.
Goal setting model- It explains that specific goals will lead to better performance of employees.
More challenging goals means more motivation among employees. This motivation will implies

the setting targets is critical to make individual efforts to achieve that goal. If targets are not set
then employees will not be able to perform better and hence performance will suffer (Kitchin, D.,
2017.)
the benefits that Mas-low theory of motivation will be it can help in motivating the employees to fulfil their
needs and in order to that the productivity will increase which will lead to achieving the organisation goals
and objectives. Through this both the individual and organisation goals can be achieved.
LO-3 Demonstrate an understanding of how to cooperate effectively
with others
P-3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
To work in a team is very beneficial as work is divided among team members and it becomes
very easy for each person to complete his part of work. It increases team performance and
through this the goals can be easily attained. Team performance is determined by the
effectiveness of team.
Effective team- it encourage discussion on which they do not get agree. Before reaching on any
consequence a discussion is made in which each one is introduced by creativity and change in
ideas. They use conflict as a positive effect by making open discussion where every member
participate by making his contribution to the group(Hogg, and Terry, 2014) In various
circumstances the team may be lead by different leaders using appropriate leadership styles.
Every one pursue their own goals leading to achievement of overall team goals.
Ineffective teams- They may sometimes restrict new ideas that are introduced in completion of
task. Lacking of mutual decisions makes the atmosphere tensed which affects the ability to work
in team. There may be clashes of leaders with persons relating to not listening to what others are
saying. In case of that the decision can be made by voting which effects the persons who oppose
that idea have to vote in favour due to pressure of their leader.
In effective team the objective of group is very well understood and accepted by all members
whereas in ineffective it is difficult to understand what the task is. The member contribution of
effective teams is that everyone participates but in ineffective few people dominate the task

which may be far off the point. Every member listens to each others' idea in effective team while
in other the ideas are ignored or rejected. Disagreements are there but the team is comfortable
with this and avoid conflicts but on other hand the members do not effectively deal with
disagreements resulting in open (Miner, J. B., 2015). In effective team decision making is
cleared in a general agreement but in ineffective team actions are taken before the real issues are
solved or examined. In effective team the leader of group does not dominate it while the leader
fully dominate his team in ineffective group. The evaluation is done by the members itself in
effective team whereas in ineffective team their is no self evaluation. Division of labour is
clearly mentioned in effective team I.e what task will be done and by whom while in ineffective
team no one knows who is going to do what.
Belbin model:
this shows that there are nine team roles according to their characteristics. These roles are action
oriented role which is divided into shaper, implementer and completer finisher. In this the shaper
challenges the team, implementer put ideas into action and finisher ensures timely completion.
The next one is people oriented role which includes coordinator, team worker and resource
investigator. In this the coordinator acts as chairperson, team worker encourages cooperation and
investigator explore opportunities. The last one is thought oriented role which includes plant,
monitor evaluator and specialist. In this the plant means presenting new ideas, monitor analyses
options and specialist provide skills.
LO- 4Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational
behaviour to a given business situation
P-4 Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour

Organisation behavioural is based on two key elements: nature of people and nature of
organisation. Nature of people means characteristics of person of that describes him or her.
Major factors affecting nature of people are:-
Individual difference- A one to one approach towards each employee. For example- manage
should treat each and every employees equally and must not include any other factor in judging
apart from their work(Wagner III, and Hollenbeck, 2014)
Perception- An ability to obverse things in our own way. It means our way of thinking or doing
things by believing our senses. Example- employees think
A whole person- An employee cannot be recruited only on the basis of its skills. For this it is
important to know its background and knowledge of employee. Personal life cannot be mixed
with work life just like they both are different just like emotional conditions and physical
conditions. So functioning means total functions of human being not a specific function.
Motivational behaviour- It is a behaviour caused in a person or group by some motivational
factors. There are two types of motivation- positive and negative. Positive means encouraging
employees to change their behaviour in order to complete a task by giving them promotional
benefits or profits. Negative motivation means forcing or warning employees to change their
behaviour to complete a task by giving them serious consequences.
Value of person- This stats that employees want to be appreciated for their skills and abilities
which help to develop themselves.( Mullins, and Christy,, 2013)
Nature of organisation- It shows the motive of firm. It acts like a reflecting mirror which defines
the characters of company. The nature of firm can be understood by its social system, mutual
interests and work ethics. the factors which are included is:
Social system- it stats that how the firm operates it with its customers, with other firms, and its
employees. It defines its social role and status . It has both types namely formal and informal.
Formal means groups working together in an organisation or a club whereas informal means
group of friends enjoying or doing part just tom relax or have fun.

Mutual interests- Its the mutual understanding that both the employees and organisation need
each other to fulfil their needs or goals for example- we deposit money in banks and in return
banks gives us loans or interests.
Ethics- principles of an individual , group or an organisation. To attract valuable employees it is
necessary to set moral standards (Pinder, 2014).
the organisation behaviour is dependent on the nature of organisation like social system, mutual
interest and nature of people like perception, value of person, etc. it shows the internal culture
within the organisation.
M-1 Culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence individual and team behaviour
and performance.
From the information that is given above about A David company organisation culture and
power it can be concluded that by applying these in the current business environment the
efficiency of both the employees and business entity can be increased. It will help in improving
the skills knowledge and abilities of employees in taking decision and managing their
responsibility in well manner. Once if the employees feel free to take own decisions and to do a
task freely it will lead to effective work performance of employees in satisfying their goals. This
will make the employees happy and satisfies and they will start giving more to the business. In
this way the Adavid company will be abler to achieve its foals and objectives.
M-2 Behaviour of others through the effective application of behavioural motivational theories,
concepts and models.
By applying the above mentioned theories the behaviour of employees can be changed . It will
help in increasing their productivity. Positive environment will be created if there is a change in
behaviour of employees(McShane, Olekalns, and Travaglione, 2013). By giving them various
benefits and schemes and evaluating their performance on the basis of work it will motivate

them to achieve them. The changing behaviour of other also have an effect on thinking ways of
others. These theories can be implemented in bringing change in behaviour of employees by
satisfying their needs. If the needs of employees are not satisfied then there productivity will
remain low resulting in poor performance of employees. Maslow needs theory must be
implemented in order to increase the efficiency of employees. It will help them to identify its
strengths and weakness ,once the strengths of employee has been identified it helps manager to
set a goal for it to achieve them. (Wood,and et..al, 2016)
The behaviour plays a vital role in interacting with the customers to satisfy them. If the
customers are not satisfied it becomes difficult for company to retain its customer. Customers
feedback is also taken to determine the after sales service of product.
M-3 team and group development theories to support the development of dynamic cooperation.
For making a team effective it is necessary that the leaders should be able to choose peoples that
are having similar features or character. This will help the entire team to have better bonding
between them and this will lead to effective team performance. The team must be so effective
that it should be able to achieve its tasks ans goals. If the team tasks and goals are achieved it
will also satisfy the goals of employees and organisation. A team must be made by regarding the
goals of every individual so that if the individual goals are satisfied then automatically the team
goals will be accomplished. It will lead to smooth functioning of and communicating of work
between different teams. This will bring cooperation within the entire organisation and hence
improving the overall productivity( Kalliath, and et..al 2013).
M-4 Concepts and philosophies of OB and its influence on behaviour.
To understand the firms nature and environment first it is necessary to go through the firms
policies and working style of employees. The firms internal nature can have a direct impact on

its employees and respectively it influences the working ability of other employees as well. New
talents are also been influenced by knowing the working conditions of employees who are
currently been employees in that organisation. The positivity of employees in business affects the
entry of new comers as they interact with the entire environment of current employees. This
positive impact will also show the image of firm in society and industry and with other firms.
The employees will be able to compare the working in their organisation and in other
organisation(Kitchin, 2017). The positive impact will allow other firms to do business with that
firm and employees. It will help in increasing the business of firm in which the employees are
working.
On the other hand the negative impact will bring downfall in organisation profits and it will also
create a bad image of the firm in the society. The customers will start ignoring the product of that
organisation which will leads in sales reduction. The nature of people will determine what kind
of organisation is and what it gives to the people of society. If the nature of employees will not
be good it will have an impact on its customers resulting in decrease in volume of sales.
Conclusion:
This report shows us that by using various motivational techniques the performance of
employees can be increased. The supervisor plays a very important role in motivating its
employees by showing right direction to them. Also, what makes a team effective and
ineffective. And by using various techniques an effective team can build which will be helpful in
achieving the organisation goals and objectives. It gives a brief conclusion on concepts and
philosophies within an organisation behaviour and how it can be easily changed by motivating
employees and following some old techniques.

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