Assessment 1: Organizational Structure and Culture at Marks & Spencer

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the organizational structure and culture at Marks & Spencer. It begins with an introduction to organizational culture and its impact, followed by a detailed examination of the company's organizational structure, including its flat structure and its implications for decision-making and communication. The report then delves into the concept of organizational culture, exploring different models, including Charles Handy's model (power, role, task, and person cultures) and their relevance to Marks & Spencer. Furthermore, the report analyzes the application of the McKinsey 7S model to assess the company's structure, strategy, systems, staff, skills, style, and shared values. The report concludes by summarizing the key findings and emphasizing the importance of organizational structure and culture for the smooth operation and success of Marks & Spencer. The report also includes references to relevant academic sources.

Assessment 1 –Structure and Culture

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
Books and Journals......................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
Organizational culture is defined as a fundamental statement, principle as well as method
of providing contribution towards social as well as psychological environment of organization. It
provides description regarding the appropriate way or method to behave within company. In
addition to this, organization culture by using its nature analyzes the goal of member which is
supported by company. It is necessary to achieve goal as well as objective in targeted period of
time. This assignment is carried upon the company named as Marks and Spencer. It is the biggest
British international organization which is located in London, England UK in the year 1884. This
assignment provide the information in relation to the structure of organization and how these
elements or factors to provide contribution to company. Apart from this, organization structure
as well as culture both is considered as a beneficial for smooth operations of business
organization (Christensen, Lægreid and Rykkja, 2018).
MAIN BODY
Organizational structure is considered as a relationship that arises between different role
and purpose of business venture. It is determined as a system that helps in assessing functions
which is connected to each role of business organization. Structure of organization is responsible
for operation of whole system in an appropriate manner. Therefore, the organization structure
should be managed in such a way that helps in achieving goal as well as objective in pre-decided
period of time. In context of Marks and Spencer, the organization structure is determined as a
framework, policies as well as procedures that help in handling different activities or operations
of business organization. The manager of company focuses on follow organizational structure for
properly administer or manage functions as well as workforce of organization. The company
follows limited intensity of administration between front-line workforce and administrative
(Polson, 2016). This is followed by business organization for encourage its staff in taking
appropriate decision which will be beneficial for organization in future period of time. In
addition to this, organizational structure focuses on interacting with other individual person and
flow of communication and also explains the relationship of power in better way. They focus on
using value supported option which is adopted by business organization during the particular
phase of time period. They also focus on the task as well as work which is performed by business

organization and they can also provide linkage between social as well as psychological
subsystem.
Organizational structure can promote execution which is completely depending on how
effectively the relationship of supervisor as well as work force which imposes direct impact on
the productivity. The structure of business organization imposes direct impact on the
performance of company in diverse way. Performance management helps in setting goal that
must be achieved in targeted period of time. It is necessary to describe policies as well as
procedure in good manner otherwise it is difficult for organization to achieve goal as well as
objective in short span of time. Therefore, the organization focuses on reviewing objectives,
targets, prioritizing work and link objective of employees with firm’s goal that helps in
accomplishing vision and mission at workplace. It also helps in defining benchmark in an
appropriate manner (Banet-Weiser and Miltner, 2016). The manager focuses on conducting
appraisal and improve plan that helps in reducing gap among rewarding and execution behaviors
within business organization that is directly connected to promotion as well as boosting or
enhancement of accountability. In context of Marks and Spencer, the organization adopts simple
flat organizational structure that is considered as unstructured as well as informal, so it is
necessary for company to measure performance of company in flexible way. This structure will
be useful for organization because this structure adopt several stages among higher authority and
workforce that helps in taking effective decision. There is minimum number of middle level
management that helps in performing work in easy way. It helps in increasing productivity as
well as executing structure assists in reducing budget by cutting the cost of middle man and
different types of issues in relation to communication. It helps in increasing productivity and
performance level of employees within business organization. Therefore, it is necessary to have a
good communication among staffs for performing different activities and function in an
appropriate manner. Hence, it is vital to follow appropriate organization structure that helps in
maintaining good relationship with its staffs that helps in increasing productivity and
performance level of business organization Norbom and Lopez, 2016).
Culture is considered as an arrangement of several attributes that helps in differentiates
company from competitive firm. It is communal thinking of mind that helps in differ among
different member of team from one another. It helps in increasing knowledge, value, belief as

well as behavior of an individual person in an appropriate manner. It also assists in performing
different task of organization together. The organization culture also signifies that attitude or
behavior through which worker of company communicate with each other. Corporate culture
helps in performing their work together that is useful for offering direction to organization. It is
difficult for organization to change culture because staff member already known with prevailing
culture in better way (Chu and Mok, 2016). Therefore, it imposes direct impact on motivation
level of employees during the period of time. Hence, the management team of Marks and
Spencer focuses on making appropriate communication or interaction between organization units
that helps in increasing productivity level, quality of work, designing speed, production of
products as well as services (Bickers, 2017)
There are various models of organization culture that defines appropriate information in
relation to workplace culture and also assess the relationship between individual person and
performance level of organization. Charles Handy’s model of organization culture, as per this
concept, there are four types of culture. Power culture is considered as a culture in which power
remain in the hand of some individual person and they give order to take decision in relation to
company. These are that kind of person that helps in enjoying specific rights in working
environment of organization. The individual person delegate work to its employees in order to
perform it in pre-decided period of time. Herein, the organization does not provide opportunities
to individual person to express their ideas, views as well as opinion in proper manner. They
follow the instruction which is given by higher authority of company. Therefore, the seniors
provide direction to its employees that help in increasing productivity as well as performance
level of company. If the organization do not provides equal treatment with its employees, then it
imposes negative impact on profit and performance of company. It also demotivates employees
towards performing work or task in better way (Brink and Porcano, 2016). It also affects the
relationship among manager as well as employees in adverse manner. And they do not perform
their work in better way which will decreases profit margin of company in future period of time.
In addition to this, Role culture s considered as a culture in which the manager of business
organization provide role as well as responsibilities to its subordinates according to its
specification as well as competence. In role culture, the individual person focuses on performing
their work in best manner that help in achieving favorable outcomes in future period of time. In
this culture, every worker focuses on giving their best in order to accomplishing goals as well as

objective in targeted period of time. The manager of the company allotted them task as per their
specification or talent. It helps in increasing productivity as well as profitability of organization.
This culture is also important for making good relationship with one another that help in
increasing the organization performance. They also focus on allotting the work to it subordinate
as per their skill as well as knowledge that help them in performing their work in improved
manner. Task culture, here in the organization formed different group in order to allot them
task for accomplishing goals as well as objective in a stipulated period of time. Herein, the
person with the same goal perform their work together that help in completing or finishing the
task in easy manner (Mansouri, Singh and Khan, 2018). The manager conducts their work in a
team for increasing performance level of business organization in future period of time. In
addition to this, it is necessary for business organization to allot them task according to their
knowledge, competence as well as a specification that help in increasing productivity as well as
performance level in future period of time. Therefore, the manager of Marks and Spencer focuses
on allotting task to it subordinate as per specification and achieving goal as well as objective in
targeted period of time. Therefore it is necessary to build a good relationship with its employee
that help in increasing performance level in future period of time Therefore, the manager of
Marks and Spencer focuses on offering different task or work as per their capability or
knowledge that help in increasing productivity or performance level in upcoming period of time
(Schillinger and Lycett, 2019) Person culture in this culture the individual person focuses on
their own objective rather than the firm’s objective. Thus, it does not maintain the good
relationship with its employee which imposes negative impact on the company. In addition to
this, in this culture the manager of Marks and Spencer does not make appropriate relationship
with its employees that negatively affect the productivity or performance level of Organization in
future period of time. For organizational structure as well as design in which the manager of
Marks and Spencer focuses on using McKinsey 7’s model that is given in 1980. In this model,
there are seven elements that help in appropriate management as well as design of business
organization. Therefore, there are various components in which strategy, structure as well as
system are considered as the hard component that help in identify as well as administrating as
compared to soft element. In addition to this, there are various elements that help in achieving
competitive advantage over rivalries at Marketplace. Strategy is considered as a policy as well
as plan that are maintained by business organization in order to achieve competitive advantage at

Marketplace. The Marks and Spencer Company help in making appropriate plan for gaining
competitive advantage. Structure signifies the methods in which the functions of business
organization are handled in an appropriate manner. The Marks and Spencer follow flat
organizational structure for proper designing as well as manage business organization. System is
considered as the appropriate procedure that helps in performing different activity and functions
of business organization in an appropriate manner. Staff signifies the employees or individual
person who provide contribution that help in smooth running of business organization during the
particular fees of time period. Skill involves the capability of an organization to perform their
work in an appropriate manner. It is considered as a capability of subordinates that is adopted by
them for implementing work of Organization in appropriate way. Style signifies a method in
which the organization is handled by the higher authority. It helped the management in handling
its subordinate in an appropriate manner. Shared value is considered as a behavior that helps in
providing direction to the individual person for performing work in an appropriate manner. The
administration of Marks and Spencer focuses on maintaining appropriate relation in order to
increase performance of organization (Edelmann and Mohr, 2018).
CONCLUSION
On the basis of above mentioned report, it has been analyzed that organization structure
as well as culture both are considered as a beneficial for smooth operations of business
organization. In addition to this, organizational culture is defined as a fundamental statement,
principle as well as method of providing contribution towards social as well as psychological
environment of organization. It provides description regarding the appropriate way or method to
behave within company. In addition to this, organization culture by using its nature analyzes the
goal of member which is supported by company. It is necessary to achieve goal as well as
objective in targeted period of time. This assignment provide the information in relation to the
structure of organization and how these elements or factors to provide contribution to company.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Christensen, T., Lægreid, P. and Rykkja, L.H., 2018. Reforming the Norwegian police between
structure and culture: Community police or emergency police. Public Policy and
Administration, 33(3), pp.241-259.
Polson, E.C., 2016. Putting civic participation in context: Examining the effects of
congregational structure and culture. Review of Religious Research, 58(1), pp.75-100.
Banet-Weiser, S. and Miltner, K.M., 2016. # MasculinitySoFragile: Culture, structure, and
networked misogyny. Feminist Media Studies, 16(1), pp.171-174.
Chu, S.K. and Mok, S.S., 2016. Changing organizational structure and culture to enhance
teaching and learning: Cases in a university in Hong Kong. Organizing academic work in higher
education: Teaching, learning and identities, pp.186-202.
Brink, W.D. and Porcano, T.M., 2016. The impact of culture and economic structure on tax
morale and tax evasion: A country-level analysis using SEM. In Advances in Taxation. Emerald
Group Publishing Limited.
Mansouri, A.A.A., Singh, S.K. and Khan, M., 2018. Role of organisational culture, leadership
and organisational citizenship behaviour on knowledge management. International Journal of
Knowledge Management Studies, 9(2), pp.129-143.
Norbom, H.M. and Lopez, P.D., 2016. Leadership and innovation: informal power and its
relationship to innovative culture. Journal of Leadership Studies, 10(1), pp.18-31.
Edelmann, A. and Mohr, J.W., 2018. Formal studies of culture: Issues, challenges, and current
trends. Poetics, 68, pp.1-9.
Schillinger, K. and Lycett, S.J., 2019. The flow of culture: assessing the role of rivers in the
inter-community transmission of material traditions in the Upper Amazon. Journal of
Archaeological Method and Theory, 26(1), pp.135-154.
Bickers, R., 2017. Britain in China: Community, culture and colonialism 1900-1949.