An In-depth Exploration of Ida Jean Orlando's Nursing Process Theory

This essay analyzes Ida Jean Orlando's Nursing Process Theory, a patient-centered approach to nursing. It explores the major concepts, including the function of professional nursing, presenting behavior, immediate reaction, nursing process discipline, and improvement. The essay delves into the theory's major assumptions, such as the need to assist patients in meeting their needs, and outlines key relationships between the nurse, the individual, and the environment. It highlights the theory's historical accuracy, value to nursing science, and applicability in immediate patient situations. The essay also provides a scenario example of how the theory is applied in practice, referencing relevant literature and emphasizing the importance of continuous validation and individualization of care. The theory is presented as a five stage deliberative nursing process: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation and Evaluation.

Ida jean Orlando’s
Nursing process theory
Eastman Janean
Maunda Dorothy
Stark Mellisa
Waugh Heather

Major concepts
Function of professional nursing - organizing
principle
 The nurse finds out patient needs (Yekefallah, et al., 2017).
 Nursing is supposed to be responsive to patient’s suffering.
 The nursing process entails caring for the patient and meeting
need through providing assistance.
 The nursing process should be based on avoiding, relieving, or
diminishing the sense of helplessness.

Concept 2: Presenting behavior -
problematic situation
 The problem of the patient is a request for help
(Lotfi, et al., 2019).
 The presenting behavior is supposed to be a
stimulus or an internal response.
 The nurses behavior is a response to the patient’s
condition.

Concept 3: Immediate reaction - internal
response
 Patient perception is a reaction to stimulus or
automatic thought through automatic feeling.
 The automatic feelings are supposed to define
the actions of the patient (Lotfi, et al., 2019).
 All the above actions are defined as immediate
actions of the patient.

Concept 4: Nursing process discipline –
investigation
 The nurse’s reaction to the patient should be checked
for validity (Toney-Butler & Thayer., 2019) .
 The nurse uses the exploration process to ascertain
the effects of the problem.
 Exploring the problem with the patient is a way of
establishing a clear communication process with the
patient.

Concept 5: Improvement - resolution
 The evaluation process is defined by the results
that the nurse finds out.
 The nurse needs to create a therapeutic
 The nurse uses the learning process to assist the
patient.
 The care received is supposed to reflect the needs
of the patient.

Major assumptions
 Patients are supposed to be assisted to meet their needs to reduce
distress and helplessness.
 Patients need to be understood based on their unique responses.
 Nurses are supposed to mother the adult and nurture the child.
 Nurses are supposed to deal with people within their environment.
 Patients need to be assisted in communicating their needs.
 Humans are supposed to be explicit about their problems

Major relationships
 The nurse and the individual
The role of the nurse is to create a therapeutic
environment with the patient for meeting personal needs.
 The individual and the environment
the individual has a relationship with his surrounding
which shapes and influences the type of challenges
faced and needs (Toney-Butler & Thayer., 2019).

Historical accuracy
The theory gives a clear cut patient-oriented approach to nursing.
It views the role of the nurse as an independent advocate of the patient.
The theory relies more on use of evidence through continuous
validation of the nurse findings with the individual (Gaudet & Howett,
2018).
Evidence is also seen from the fact that the nurse keeps on reviewing
the reactions of the patient to increased individualization of care.
The theory is applicable to an immediate situation of the patient and
not long term care.

Value to nursing science
 The theory proposes five stages of deliberative nursing
process for the nurse to use (Arora, 2018)..
 Assessment:
 Diagnosis
 Planning
 Implementation
 Evaluation

Scenario example
 In applying the theory, a case example is a distressed patient requiring
the assistance of a nurse.
 The immediate response of the will be dealing with the problematic
situation through asking questions for information, calming down the
patient through assurance, and explaining the interventions that will
follow. This assessment is to gather patient information.
 The nurse is then supposed to recommend the patient to a concerned
person to deal with the problem. This is where diagnosis will take place
 The patient will then be referred back to the nurse for caring responses
based on a nursing care plan.

References
 Aora, S. (2018). Integration of Nursing Theories in Practice.
International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research,
1(1), 8-17.
 Gaudet, C., & Howett, M. (2018). Communication and Technology:
Ida Orlando’s Theory Applied. Nursing Science Quarterly,
31(4).
 Lotfi, M., Zamanzadeh, V., Valizadeh, L., Khajehgoodari, M.,
Rezaei, M. E., & Khalilzad, M. A. (2019). The implementation
of the nursing process in lower‐income countries: An
integrative review. Nursing Open, 7(1).

 Toney-Butler, T. J., & Thayer., J. M. (2019). Nursing
Process. Treasure Island: StatPearls Publishing.
 Yekefallah, L., Ashktorab, T., Ghorbani, A.,
Pazokian, M., Azimian, J., & Samimi, R. (2017).
Orlando’s nursing process application on anxiety
levels of patients undergoing endoscopy
examination. International Journal of
Epidemiologic Research, 4(1), 53-60.