CBMT2103 - OUM's Multimedia Technologies & E-Commerce Impact

This report provides an overview of multimedia technologies adopted by Open University Malaysia (OUM), focusing on m-learning and microlearning. It explores the benefits of these technologies, such as flexibility and improved learning paths, while also addressing the debate on whether techn...Read More

Running head: INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Author Note:

1INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Table of Contents
Introduction..........................................................................................................................2
Discussion............................................................................................................................2
Two multimedia technology adopted by OUM...............................................................2
M-learning...................................................................................................................3
Micro learning.............................................................................................................5
Learning cannot be replaced by Technology...................................................................6
Comparison of advantage and disadvantage of online shopping.....................................7
Impact of online shopping in traditional stores and shops..............................................9
Conclusion.........................................................................................................................10
References..........................................................................................................................12

2INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Introduction
Multimedia technologies mainly enable various users to easily integrate and manipulate
data from various sources like video, graphics, audio, and text on a single platform. With the
passage of time, multimedia has become the cultural phenomenon in the information sector
(Liang et al., 2016). The rapid growth in technology in the last few years has brought a
significant amount of changes in various domains like computing, entertainment and lastly
education. The exponential growth of various multimedia technologies in the last few years has
resulted in various kinds of opportunities and challenges. It is becoming more effective and
popular because of the efficiency of use in day to day life (King, Lawrence & MacKinnon,
2014). The multimedia application comes up with fundamental idea and concept which can be a
shift that can be used for presentation and information transfer. All the wireless transmission
over the airwaves communication is totally dependent on radio transmission technology. Cell
phone and TV remote controls are considered to be some of the well-known examples of devices
which establishes communication wirelessly.
In the coming pages of the report, two multimedia technologies adopted by OUM (Open
University Malaysia) has been discussed in details. After that, some of the ways have been
discussed which can be used for enhancing the learning process. A proper discussion has been
provided on the topic that learning can be easily replaced by technology. A brief comparison has
been provided regarding the various advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. The last
section of the report deals with the impact of online shopping in traditional stores.

3INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Discussion
Two multimedia technology adopted by OUM
Open University Malaysia (OUM) is considered to be one of the best education in the
country which provides the integrated e-learning. The university makes use of a different
approach in teaching and learning process. By the year 2000, OUM aims to look up as the
seventh private university in this country. OUM is considered to be the first university for
practicing open and distance learning in Malaysia (Leutner, 2014). The establishment of OUM is
all about motto that is “Education for all” is considered to be the beginning of democratic
education in Malaysia. This ultimately resulted in a shift in the education program for the
country. It has ultimately created a platform where working adults can easily improve their
knowledge and a higher level of competency in OUM. The biggest strength of higher education
institute like OUM it is delivery mode. Flexibility, accessibility, and affordability are considered
to the cornerstone of ODL (Open Distance Learning). OUM has been marked as the blended
mode of delivery which comprises three different modes like self-managed learning, face to face
interaction and lastly online learning. A model for the collaborative mode of online learning was
selected for providing support for providing support to the online curriculum which is considered
as an extension of traditional to face to face learning (Lin, Shih & Chang, 2016). The online
mode of education has been designed keeping in mind that learners have a different style, pace,
and approach to learning.
M-learning: Mobile learning (M-learning) is known to be educated through internet or
network by making use of personal kind mobile devices like tablets and smartphone. OUM
(Open University Malaysia) can easily adopt M-learning to providing teaching through the
application. M-learning focus on proving learning materials with the help of mobile application,

4INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
social interaction and online education based hubs. This particular technology is considered too
flexible which allow the various students of OUM to easily access education anytime and
anyplace (Hosseini, Bathaei & Mohammadzadeh, 2014). Mobile learning generally provides a
proper kind of method to educational institutes like OUM to easily deliver knowledge and
education content to any kind of student on require platform. The biggest benefit of this
technology is that it can easily deliver knowledge and education content to various students on
any platform and anyplace and at any given time. Various student of OUM can easily make use
of the mobile application and proper tools for completing and submitting of assignment to
teachers. Apart from this, the students can also download the various course materials and
instruction to easily work in a social group which is needed for completing the given task at a
required time (Hwang & Wu, 2014). The term mobile learning is considered to be most widely
used for describing technology like various mobile devices and application which are used in the
classroom. M-learning comes with a large number of advantages like:
Flexibility to learners: Flexibility is not generally limited to any place or time.
Flexibility in mobile -learning focus on the use of videos, podcasts and another kind of popular
multimedia assets which are provided on a smartphone.
Better completion rates and Higher retention: The content which is delivered to
students with the help of m-learning is considered to be chunk sized and concise in nature. The
amount of flexibility which is offered by the bite-sized mobile learning is considered to be
immense in nature (Irwansyah et al, 2018). It enables various kinds of learners to easily complete
course and begins the next course. This particular idea mainly leads to successful, seamless kind
of mobile learning through proper user experience.

5INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Collaborative learning: Engaging various kinds of learners to easily establishment of
online learning is considered to very effective in nature by making the mobile device(Menon,
Phalachandra & Emmanuel, 2018). This particular point can be considered to be the biggest
advantage as a learning as a method generally encounters issues from the lack of collaboration.
Learning path: Mobile phone-based learning generally helps in getting reminders and
organizers which are easily integrated with the various m-Learning platform. Learners can easily
get a notification and any kind of updates related to their course (Menon, Phalachandra &
Emmanuel, 2018). The biggest plus point is that they can easily check the updates on anywhere
and anyplace. Another advantage is that they can easily resume their courses without any kind of
learning from previous content. The learning focus on various m-Learning platform which is
personalized and continuous in nature.
Micro learning: In this type of learning various kinds of learning modules are easily
stretched out in a value less than 10 minutes. This is generally expressed in various kinds of
formats and modules like videos, PPT, audio file and quick reads. There are generally spaced out
in regular quizzes and surveys which helps in testing the knowledge which has been gained.
OUM can easily adopt micro learning as it can provide a large number of benefits like:
Immediate Result: The biggest benefit of microlearning is that it enables the person to
easily have a close value of knowledge.
Diverse formats: For both the types of learning that are structured and unstructured
learning, microlearning comes up with some of the potentials which can be used for a blended
approach for any kind of instruction.

6INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Budget-friendly: Production cost which is involved in microlearning should be lowered
as much as possible. The vision of microlearning is considered to be smaller and much less
focused.
Learning cannot be replaced by Technology
In the last few years, technology has replaced many of the careers on the various
chopping block like a travel agent and some postal clerk (McKenney et al., 2015). Technology is
known to be changing the way in which the student learns but it cannot be used in replacement of
teachers. High-quality teachers generally create a platform which motivates them and leads them
to the path of success. Technology cannot inspire them or help them during the struggle period
and stand up. Technology can be only a helping factor for learning students but it cannot replace
the various knowledge and experiences that come up from the teacher (Rodríguez-Triana et al.,
2017). As long as the balance is maintained between teacher and technology one can easily
expect the educational system will promote learning. The balance will help will help in the
opening the door for creativity and expressive.
Education can easily make quantum leap which can be achieved by incorporating
technology. Technology will not change every aspect of life but requires also requires teachers to
easily master or control it. Many times it is seen that the child comes up with the ability which
depends on the given learning environment (Takacs, Swart & Bus, 2015). There is a large
number of obstacles in the current environment of the teacher. So, it is the sole responsibility of
the teacher is to easily change make changes and make it an encouraging one. Various schools
around the globe are spending more money on technology rather than empowering technology.
Teachers are simply providing suitable video during teaching while students are watching it like
an interactive movie (Van Merriënboer & Kirschner, 2017). In the near future, it is expected that

7INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
that time will come in which every discussion on student end will end up on learning skill,
literacy skill for students like learning and life skills. Technology has taken the youth to a
peculiar pace which is away from reality. So, the education system should provide the necessary
skills to the students.
Comparison of advantage and disadvantage of online shopping
Online shopping is considered to be a type of e-commerce which mainly allows easily
purchasing of products by easy means. Online shopping is known to be an online store, internet
shop, e-shop, virtual store and lastly web store (Balakrishnan & Gan, 2016). Various people
around the globe are making use of online store for easy purchase of various products. E-
commerce website creates a variety of platform which can be used for choosing plenty of things
along with great deals and opportunities. One can easily find various kinds of things like clothes,
footwear, home essentials and lastly inner wears. Apart from the benefits of online shopping
come up with various kinds of drawbacks.
Advantages
Convenience: Customers can easily purchase a large number of items in their comfort or
place. With the help of the internet, shopping can be easily made easier and convenient. The
ordered items can be easily canceled.
No pressure on shopping: In major of the physical stores, various sales representative
generally tries to influence their product. So, there is some kind of pressure while in the online
market there are not such kind of pressure.
Online shopping saves time: In online mode customers does not stand in a queue in
front of cash counters to pay for their products which have been purchased. Customers can easily

8INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
shop from their home or workplace and so they do not need to spend any time or money on
traveling (Angeli & Tsaggari, 2016). Various customers can easily look for products which are
required by them just by properly entering the keyword in the search engine.
Comparison: Various e-commerce organization can easily display products which are
offered to them (Fan, 2017). It mainly helps in attracting customers from different taste and
requirements. It ultimately enables various kinds of buyers to easily choose from different of
models which can be seen from the feature, the price of various kinds of products which are
displayed in the meantime.
Saves Money: For attacking various kinds of customers to online shop, e-tailers and
different marketers provide discounts. As a result of the elimination of various parameters like
maintenance, real state cost various retailers can easily sell products along with attractive
discount by online mode.
Disadvantage
Delay in delivery of products: Long duration and improper inventory management can
easily result in a delay in the shipment of various products (Henrie, Halverson & Graham, 2015).
The fact should be taken into account that though online shopping does not take delivery time of
more 15 minutes, the time required for delivery of products at doorstep can easily take around 1-
3 weeks.
Lack of touch and feel merchandise: In online shopping mode, lack of touch and feel
can easily create issues over the quality of the product. Many customers around the globe have
stated the fact that in online shopping customer cannot try them.

9INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Lack of close examination: In online shopping, a customer buys a product without
actually looking into it. In many cases, it is seen that customers buy a product which is not really
required by them (Anderson, Love & Tsai, 2014). The electronic image of the product can
mislead the customer who is buying the product. In most of the cases of color, appearance in
really does not match with the electronic image which is provided.
Fraud in online shopping: In the many cases it is seen that the online shopping site
disappears after receiving the payment for a given order. So, it emphasizes the e-marketers to
pay attention which can use for boosting the growth of e-commerce (Lau et al., 2014). A number
of cyber crimes have increased a lot in the last few years. Various details of customers like
customer credit card and bank details have been misused which has resulted in privacy issues.
Impact of online shopping in traditional stores and shops
A list of parameters was affected due to online shopping in various traditional stores and shops:
Turnovers: With the growth of e-commerce the turnover of different online stores have
reduced a lot which can be considered as a warning signal for various enterprises.
Profit Margin: After the arrival of various online stores in the market many offline
retailers and suffering from pricing issues (Angeli & Tsaggari, 2016). For surviving in the
market, one needs to sell certain products at low prices which not affects the operational cost and
but results in the low-profit-margin.
Discount: For providing a competitive edge to online retailers, various offline stores
provide a heavy discount to customers (Fan, 2017). To easily stay in the market and attracting
customers they need to sell some of the products at a discounted price.

10INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Variety of Stock: Different types of goods are offered by the online store which cannot
be provided by the offline store (Henrie, Halverson & Graham, 2015). Online shopping stores
provide a provide a huge range of products in comparison to offline stores.
Window shopping: Low prices are being offered by various online stores which many
times lead to window shopping (McKenney et al., 2015). Due to this particular reason, online
stores tend to have more customers in comparison to offline stores.
Customer service: There is a certain number of offline stores which tend to provide
various services at which many online stores fail to contact (Rodríguez-Triana et al., 2017).
Many of the offline stores tend to provide services like repair and good services, home delivery
and after-sales services. These services are considered to be similar to online stores.
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be easily stated that this report is all about the
application of multimedia technology in different domains like education, industries, and society.
All of these domains are considered to be an important aspect of daily life. Multimedia
environment generally helps in providing a better kind of teaching environment which can be
used in open and distance learning universities. From the perspective of ODL learner, two
multimedia technology have been discussed which can be used by OUM (Open University
Malaysia) for improvising their learning. Online shopping is a well-known multimedia
application which has become a well-known part of life. A proper analysis has been done
regarding the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. The last section of the report
mainly deals with the list of impact which the traditional shopping center have on stores and
shopping malls. In the above pages of the report, two multimedia technology adopted by OUM

11INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
(Open University Malaysia) that is online learning or e-learning and self-managed and face to
face interaction have been discussed in details. After that, a proper justification has been done
regarding the fact that learning cannot be easily replaced by technology. A list of advantages of
online shopping like convenience, no pressure on while shopping, time-saving and money-saving
have been discussed in details. After that, a list of disadvantages like delay in services, lack of
touch and feel, lack of close examination, fraud related issues have been discussed in details. The
radio transmitter is a well-known technology which is built in the form of a wireless telephone
that converts sound into electrical signals. After that, these radio waves are carried by radio
carrier through the atmosphere into a receiving device. The radio present on the receiving end
converts the transmission back into normal form.

12INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
References
Anderson, O. R., Love, B. C., & Tsai, M. J. (2014). Neuroscience perspectives for science and
mathematics learning in technology-enhanced learning environments.
Angeli, C., & Tsaggari, A. (2016). Examining the effects of learning in dyads with computer-
based multimedia on third-grade students' performance in history. Computers &
Education, 92, 171-180.
Balakrishnan, V., & Gan, C. L. (2016). Students’ learning styles and their effects on the use of
social media technology for learning. Telematics and Informatics, 33(3), 808-821.
Fan, C. (2017). The Application of Multimedia Technology in Aerobics Teaching in Colleges
and Universities.
Henrie, C. R., Halverson, L. R., & Graham, C. R. (2015). Measuring student engagement in
technology-mediated learning: A review. Computers & Education, 90, 36-53.
Hosseini, S. A., Bathaei, S. M., & Mohammadzadeh, S. (2014). Does self-efficacy effect on
knowledge sharing intention in e-learning system? A motivational factor analysis in Open
University Malaysia (OUM). Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and
Management Review, 3(11), 35.
Hwang, G. J., & Wu, P. H. (2014). Applications, impacts and trends of mobile technology-
enhanced learning: A review of 2008–2012 publications in selected SSCI
journals. International Journal of Mobile Learning and Organisation, 8(2), 83-95.
Irwansyah, F. S., Yusuf, Y. M., Farida, I., & Ramdhani, M. A. (2018, January). Augmented
Reality (AR) Technology on The Android Operating System in Chemistry Learning.

13INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 288, No. 1, p.
012068). IOP Publishing.
King, C. D., Lawrence, L. A., & MacKinnon, G. R. (2014). Using Multimedia Technology in
Jamaican Athletic Training Education: A Case-Based Learning Approach. Journal of
Applied Learning Technology, 4(2).
Lau, R. W., Yen, N. Y., Li, F., & Wah, B. (2014). Recent development in multimedia e-learning
technologies. World Wide Web, 17(2), 189-198.
Leutner, D. (2014). Motivation and emotion as mediators in multimedia learning. Learning and
Instruction, 29, 174-175.
Liang, R. Z., Shi, L., Wang, H., Meng, J., Wang, J. J. Y., Sun, Q., & Gu, Y. (2016, December).
Optimizing top precision performance measure of content-based image retrieval by
learning similarity function. In Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2016 23rd International
Conference on (pp. 2954-2958). IEEE.
Lin, E. C. H., Shih, Y. C., & Chang, R. C. (2016, July). A Research on Integrating AR and
Multimedia Technology for Teaching and Learning System Design. In International
Conference on Frontier Computing (pp. 725-731). Springer, Singapore.
McKenney, S., Kali, Y., Markauskaite, L., & Voogt, J. (2015). Teacher design knowledge for
technology enhanced learning: an ecological framework for investigating assets and
needs. Instructional science, 43(2), 181-202.
Menon, M., Phalachandra, P., & Emmanuel, J. (2018). Processes of OER integration in course
development: action research study of teacher educators-Malaysia.

14INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Rodríguez-Triana, M. J., Prieto, L. P., Vozniuk, A., Boroujeni, M. S., Schwendimann, B. A.,
Holzer, A., & Gillet, D. (2017). Monitoring, awareness and reflection in blended
technology enhanced learning: a systematic review. International Journal of Technology
Enhanced Learning, 9(2-3), 126-150.
Takacs, Z. K., Swart, E. K., & Bus, A. G. (2015). Benefits and pitfalls of multimedia and
interactive features in technology-enhanced storybooks: A meta-analysis. Review of
educational research, 85(4), 698-739.
Van Merriënboer, J. J., & Kirschner, P. A. (2017). Ten steps to complex learning: A systematic
approach to four-component instructional design. Routledge.