Middlesex University MA Education: Parental Involvement Research

This research portfolio, created for a Master's in Education program at Middlesex University, focuses on promoting parental involvement in the education of middle and high school students. The project encompasses a needs analysis, exploring current thinking and practices, and a detailed research plan outlining the rationale, research questions, and objectives. A comprehensive literature review synthesizes existing research on parental involvement strategies. The evidence and results section presents the research methodology, data collection tools, findings, and conclusions. The portfolio also includes an analysis of the impact and outcomes of the research, along with a reflective PowerPoint presentation summarizing the key aspects of the study. The assignment is based on actions performed by Teachers as part of Intervention/Actions based on Research to promote parental involvement in education for middle and high school students with citations as Harvard referencing and at least 20 references.

Promoting Parental
Involvement – A Research
Portfolio

Table of Contents
1. Needs Analysis.............................................................................................................................3
Current thinking and good practices on teaching and learning in national level...................3
Present thinking & good practices on teaching and learning in local...................................5
Research Plan...................................................................................................................................7
Rationale of the Project..........................................................................................................7
Provisional Research Questions.............................................................................................7
What the project will Entails..................................................................................................9
Research Tools for Data Collection.......................................................................................9
Research Methods..................................................................................................................9
Research Approaches...........................................................................................................10
2. Literature Review.......................................................................................................................11
The ways to promote parental involvement in the education of students from middle and high
school.............................................................................................................................................13
3. Evidence and Results.................................................................................................................15
Aim of the Research.............................................................................................................15
Purpose of the Study.............................................................................................................15
Research Questions..............................................................................................................15
Research Methodology.........................................................................................................18
Data Collection Tools...........................................................................................................18
Validity and Reliability........................................................................................................19
Research Ethics....................................................................................................................19
Findings................................................................................................................................19
Conclusion............................................................................................................................35
3. Impact and Outcomes................................................................................................................37
4. Reflective PPT Presentation......................................................................................................38
Covered in PPT.....................................................................................................................38
References......................................................................................................................................39

1. Needs Analysis
In present time, it is observed that involvement of parents plays an important role in
students learning at for middle and high school. In other words, it can be said that student's
success is directly linking to encouragement done by families towards learning at home where
there involvement is something that improves the understanding and pushes students towards
effective learning. Based on the information given by Nugraemi, and Usman, 2019, parents
engagement if directly takes place in student's lives then it can be considered as a crucial support
that impacts positively on overall learning process that may lead to improve lifelong knowledge.
On the other hand, many teachers at both high and middle school stated that developing
interventions in relation to parent engagement towards student's learning has brought ample
number of changes in motivation level, grades and behaviour of students (Sia and Ismail, 2016).
Therefore, it can easily be said that involvement of parents directly affects children’s
knowledge and interest towards education and push motivation level, profound behaviour of
children towards learning and this ultimately impacts positively on their grades. Including this,
positive learning environment for student can be created through increasing improvement of
parents towards learning (Yigzaw, 2019). However, it can be said that Promoting Parental
Involvement is not that easy because life has become really very busy where both husband and
spouse are earning to secure their own and of their children's future. This has impacted
negatively on student's learning process because, it is much needed for parents to involve
themselves so that student's behaviour, knowledge level and learning as well. The problem that
came in front was the ineffectiveness of work-based life of parents as they have engaged
themselves in their work so much, due to which they are not able to provide proper proper time
to children (Robih, , Suratman, and Soesatyo,, 2017).
Current thinking and good practices on teaching and learning in national level
At present, thinking of good practices on teaching and learning are linking to
involvement of parents in children’s educational development. Basically, collaborating with
parents or involving them in students learning is considered to be something which impacts
positively on overall performance level (includes behaviour, knowledge and learning) of
student's learning (Wilder, 2017). Atmosphere of the classrooms not just has been appeared to
influence children's results and accomplishment in any case, is a prominent strategy issue in

various nations and areas. The activities of understudies inside study halls and the formation of a
protected and beneficial learning condition are significant for some schools and can be a difficult
component of educators' work. OECD’s Survey (TALIS) concludes that one educator in four in
many nations loses at any rate 30% of exercise time to troublesome students conduct, and a few
educators lose the greater part. Besides, across nations, 60% of instructors are in schools whose
school head reports that classrooms unsettling influences learning in different ways (Fridman-
Teutsch and Attar-Schwartz, 2019). In all nations this is an issue in a moderately high extent of
schools and represents a critical test for successful instructing. Basically, current thinking in
relation to teaching and learning is directly linking collaboration of parents in education for
middle school & high school students. It is analysed that there are a few problems that are
regularly faced at the time of adopting good practices of teaching and learning while promoting
parental involvement at national level (United Kingdom) and these are presented underneath:
Collaborating with Parents: Specifically, there are a range of problems that are regularly
taking place in learning and teaching while promoting parents. This is considered to be the best
practice which is continuously been taken into consideration by teachers at national level in order
to improve student's educational development. Basically, teacher's full support may help their
children to embrace themselves towards lifelong learning about different or particular study that
has been taken into consideration by them. Also, this may lead students towards success as well,
if continuous support is presented by both parents and teachers (Schunk and Zimmerman, 2012).
A student's training can be significantly upgraded by their folks' (parents/guardians) contribution
at home. Utilising parent-educator connections during guardian instructor meetings, at middle or
high school may effectively embrace the efforts towards behaviour, knowledge and learning of
students. It has also been discovered that guardians/parents can reinforce their children's
education level into lifelong learning. But, the current situation in United Kingdom is that
parents are busy in their own lives and majorly do not show their interest towards student's
educational development (Naylor And et. al., 2015). The thinking of them is that teachers are
enough to enhance knowledge level of their own children. In present context, the national policy
that was introduced and project was Family Links programme, where parents collaborated with
teachers for better opportunities for their children's educational development.
Feedback given by teachers to both parents and students: This is also considered to be
another practice that is continuously taking place in supporting both learning and teaching.

Basically, learners can move forward without having any support of their parents. However,
educational development of students can also be effectively embraced in much effective and in
efficient manner as well. With feedback of individuals, teachers have to provide group feedback
to asses different areas of need (Schunk and Mullen, 2012). Students have to be provided with
various opportunities so that there can be appropriate learning process, materials, and Timely
instruction. Current thinking of teachers is that taking support from parents might directly impact
positively on overall educational development of students. It is said because, children moreover
stays dependent on their parents and it has been analysed that any sort of support given by them
would directly improve different skills, attributes, attitude and so on.
Present thinking & good practices on teaching and learning in local
As mentioned in article, a practice that has been considered by teachers at local level in
relation to teaching and learning (promoting parental involvement) and these are presented
underneath:
Teacher Clarity: This is considered to be one of the crucial practice in relation to
teaching and learning which has been adopted by teachers where they begin a new part of study
and project of students (Greenleaf and et. al., 2011). In present context, it can be said that the
purpose of this practice is to deliver information about students like declared criteria on the way
to be successful in much effective and in efficient manner. Here, it can be said that parents could
effectively deliver information to teachers about how their children can effectively get proper
learning in relation to the same.
Whole school approach: Another crucial practice attempted by teachers of schools for
engaging their parents for their children’s learning. It is said that, mainstream activities of this
intervention or practice which was introduced by different borough of London, United Kingdom
has helped in enhancing employee engagement (Hattie, 2012). This has not only impacted
positively on overall education system through better understanding of different abilities of
students but it also affected learning and knowledge grabbing capability of students in much
more effective ways. According to Sakiz, Pape and Hoy, 2012, the engagement strategy needs to
be integrated with whole school approach as this would help both middle and high schools to
engage parents in much effective and in efficient manner.
Staff’ needs: To connect viably with, staff, parents or teachers need training, especially
when operative with parents with their foundations are altogether with their own. School teachers

ought to in this manner get parental commitment preparing through starting educator preparing
or proceeding with proficient turn of events (Pianta, Hamre and Allen, 2012). Parents' needs
schools which effectively connect with guardians utilize a wide comprehension of commitment
of parents and different methodologies according to the understandings and estimations of the
parents have focus. Parental commitment with youngsters' learning is a process that is connected
with parents or guardians specifically gets explicit, clear along with focused decisions
considering the data accumulated from schools.

Research Plan
Rationale of the Project
The present study initiates to promote the involvement of parents education for middle
and high school students. Therefore, it is broad area research that is imperative in providing
detailed analysis to an individual or researcher in relation to the area of parental involvement in
education (Semke and Sheridan, 2012). The primary intention for executing this study is that it is
a major issue within academic sector, thus, the participation of parents are necessary in the
education of their middle and upper middle school students. The present study also supports in
developing the parental involvement in providing education for middle and high school students,
therefore, the study conduct in depth analysis and determining the way professionals re
implemented to develop the parental involvement in their kids’ education. The study has initiated
that, for improving the parental involvement the professionals are taking initiates like Online
advice video, A dedicated blog and online calendar , Volunteer opportunities, Home visit and
parents conference however, these are the effective way to promote parental involvement in the
education of their kids. This study is effective in providing elaborated investigation over the
specific area for creation of value for the parents to get involve in their kids school activities,
therefore, this is affirmative for the students and their parents in developing academic
capabilities which are effective for the growth of kids. Another motive of execution this analytic
thinking of the researcher's interest, thus the investigator is willing to explore own knowledge
and ability to get success in their projects and also attained personal and professional ability to
conduct upcoming projects. The another potential of this execution is that, it provides suitable
recognition to the parents and professionals to improvise their practices for the betterment of the
children performance and this study also initiates the importance of parental involvement in the
education and middle and high school students.
Provisional Research Questions
Research questions are very much supportive in guiding the investigation in the direction
of developing detailed evaluation to drawn valid and reliable outcome. Therefore, the suitable
questions for this specific analysis are associated as under:
 What is the concept of parental involvement in education of students?

 What actions are performed by Teachers as part of Intervention to promote parental
involvement in education of middle & high school students?
 What are the significance of involvement of parents in students life? How to promote engagement of parents in the education of students from middle and
high school?
Research Objectives
The objectives of this present exploration are related as under:
 To develop conceptual framework regarding parental involvement in education of
students.
 To critically identify the actions that are performed by teachers as part of Intervention to
promote parental involvement in education of middle school & high school students.
 To articulate the value of parental involvement in students life.
 To explore the ways to promote parental involvement in process of students education
from middle and high school.
How many parents will complete your survey?
In order to successfully complete this survey 30 parents will be consider. This survey is
significant for collecting information and understanding about the topic. By considering 30
parents as the respondents in the survey better information about the views of parents will be
collected. This will assist researcher to effective conduct research activities and attain goals.
How many teachers will complete your survey?
For collecting data and information through this survey researcher has considered 30
teachers who are professional in their field. Teachers play significant role in education of
individual so it will be effective to collect the view point of teacher for better decision making. In
these survey 30 teachers who are selected as the sample will be able to share their views and
information easily.
What exactly will your survey ask?
In this survey different question about the impact of involvement of parents in education of
their child or student life will be asked. This survey is significant for collecting information or
data about the actions performed by Teachers as part of Intervention to promote parental
involvement in education for middle and high school students.

What the project will Entails
In the present investigation work human participants are involved therefore, the major
considered individual's are the parents, students, teachers, supervisor and the researcher.
Therefore, researcher is going to conduct the project over the area of promoting parental
involvement in education of middle and high school students (Kriemler and et. al., 2011). In
addition to this, supervisor is liable in making the project approved after completion of the
project and also providing suitable assistance during the implementation of the project. Parents
and professionals are considered as the participants who will be effective in gather suitable
content to drawn some reliable outcomes. However, the entire project will be monitored by the
researcher to gaining efficient grads in their academic field.
Research Tools for Data Collection
In this existing research context, information will be gathered via both primary and
secondary sources. Therefore, these two are valuable in representation of accurate results
(Froiland, 2011). Thus, primary research will be conduct via creating survey with the support of
developing questionnaire therefore this fulfils the requirement of the cited aim and objectives of
the investigation and secondary tools such as books, journals, articles and previous investigation
is effective in creating abstractive recognition relation to the region of promote maternal
assessment in education for middle and high school students. However, both the tools are
efficacious in rendering effective information data to draw sustainable results. Therefore, in this
present analysis the size of sample will be 30 in which parents and school professionals are
considered as the key participants as they are more liable in providing accurate information to
drawn valid and reliable outcome, thus, professionals are aware about the students condition and
can suggest best to the parents for taking initiates in the education program of their kids. As well
as parents are effective in taking suitable initiates to develop the education level of their kids.
Research Methods
This is the significant thought of the analyst to make reasonable choice of methodologies
to help the whole examination in right way to drawn substantial and dependable result.
Subsequently, this segment is chiefly incorporates over qualitative and quantitative aspects, in
this manner with regards to this current investigation, quantitative research tool will consider as
the basic source, Therefore, in this data aggregation will be based over survey, accordingly it is

compelling in gathering of data from the more extensive territory (Farrington And et. al., 2012).
Hence, in this opinion and views are measures through numerical information.
Research Approaches
Investigation Approach basically characterized as the plans and the technique for
examination length the means from expansive suspicions to point by point strategies for
information assortment, evaluation, and interpretation. Subsequently, this area basically hand-off
over, deductive and inductive exploration approach. Along these lines, the choice of the
methodology depends on the data collected to help the work in right way (Ganimian and
Murnane, 2016). With regards to this, present investigation deductive research approach will
effectively be implementing by the researcher, however, this is suitable source of quantitative
research and helps in providing detailed analysis which are encompasses over implementing
theories and hypothesis related to the chosen study area.

2. Literature Review
The conceptual framework regarding parental involvement in education of students
According to views of Jordan Nisbet (2019), it has been analysed that it is crucial that
parents has involvement in the education of students as it help in better academic performance of
a students. Involvement of parents will lead to have significant impact on educational
performance of a person as well as help in better decision to choose correct career. There is
always a relationship that exists between involvements of parents in the scholarly
accomplishment in a student life. Parental involvement in student life is related to parents &
school staff working together to achieve more improvements in development, learning and health
of children. It leads to students earning higher grades, earning more credits and there is reduction
in absenteeism.
There can be parental involvement that affects the motivation level of students and
competence to have a control on their success in school. According to the views expressed by
Abie Ntekana, 2018, parental involvement mainly refers to a situation where parents are directly
engaged in the education of their kids as well as they involve themselves and are concerned
through the school and teachers in the learning process of their children, and they fulfil their
duties as parents in making sure that the learner is assisted in the process of learning as much as
they possibly can. In addition to this it also consists of home based activities that is belong
children in their homework or discussion about school courses and events. It can relate to school
based activities like volunteering at school or visiting of parents in events taking place in school.
They have made a argument that parental involvement is a function where parents have belief
about the responsibilities and roles that they have to play in their child's loves. When parents are
getting involved then schooling is getting impacted by acquisition of skills, knowledge and high
sense of confidence that can lead to success of students in school. Joyce L. Epsteim in their book
Family and community partnerships have also made a argument relate to family & community as
“spheres of influence” on development of children and a strong collaboration towards
achievement of their respective goals.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
324497851_PARENTAL_INVOLVEMENT_IN_EDUCATION
The actions that are performed by teachers as part of Intervention to promote parental
involvement in education of middle and high school students.

As per Linda Starrr, (2017), teachers are playing a very significant role in involving
student’s parents at different stages of success at different grades level. Through this it has been
determined that teachers have to perform different actions and task as a part of intervention that
assist in promoting involvement of parents in education of students in middle and high schools.
Teachers help in bridging the gap between parents and students Assignment of homework to
enhance the interaction level between student-parent and holding more workshops for the family
members of student so that there can be communication about education of their children.
Aspiration of parents educations and their comfort level with the teacher and other staff members
of school can also be used for predicting the level of involvement. Such as they provide them
home work assignments and projects that require support of their parents and families.
According to Jennifer Larson, (2019), there are many ways that can be used for the
purpose of improving the level of school home communication and increasing the level of
participation done by parents. Such as teachers can provide parents actionable information with
respect to their child's performance. Teachers are also sharing the positive information in form of
daily schedules, upcoming events, homework assignment and behavioural updates (Sapta, Hamid
and Syahputra, 2018). There is building up of a relationship based on trust between teachers and
students in their open house meetings that result into parent having opportunity to build a rapport
with the support network of their children that consist of learning specials and a whole team of
individuals in case of working towards some specially designed project in the academic course of
their students.
The value of parental participation in students life
According to views of cdaadmin, (2019, it can be understood that it is very valuable that
parents are participating in the students life. Participation of parents in the education of their
students holds a very significant value such as it tends to gave benefits to both parents and
children. This is significant for motivating individual students as well as focusing on their studies
more effectively. Parents are having higher satisfaction level as they are contributing towards
bright future of their children and that can spend time with time that result into better
communication. It also helps in better classroom behaviour of their children as they can enhance
their academic performance by posing more positive attitude towards their interest and
encouraging in reduction of their absenteeism and motivating to develop higher self esteem.