Comprehensive Report on Passive Optical Networks (PON) and GPON

This report provides a comprehensive overview of Passive Optical Networks (PON) and Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON). It begins with an introduction to PON concepts, architectures, and protocols, including discussions on network dimensioning, bandwidth, power budgets, and PON standards. The report delves into the specifics of GPON, detailing its benefits, design, components, services, and applications, including residential and advanced services. It covers bandwidth upgrades, dynamic bandwidth allocation, service level agreements, and the GPON physical and transmission convergence layers. Furthermore, it explores Ethernet PON (EPON) architecture and MAC control, addressing deployment challenges and future trends in next-generation PON evolution. The report also includes calculations for fiber loss and splitting power loss, offering a detailed analysis of PON and GPON technologies.