Chronic Renal Failure: Melanie Johnson's Pathophysiology Report

This report presents a comprehensive analysis of chronic renal failure, using the case of Melanie Johnson, a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with the condition. The report begins by outlining the anatomy and physiology of the renal system, particularly the kidney, and its role in filtration and absorption. It then delves into the pathophysiology of chronic renal failure (CKD), including its causes, risk factors (such as hypertension and low GFR), and associated complications, like heart disease and metabolic acidosis. Melanie's case is used to illustrate these points, detailing her symptoms, blood test results, and the rationale behind her diagnosis. The report then explores the treatment options, specifically renal replacement therapy (haemodialysis), explaining its mechanism and benefits for Melanie. Furthermore, it examines the mechanisms and side effects of medications, Valsartan and Eprex, prescribed for Melanie, alongside the relevant nursing considerations for drug administration and patient care. The report concludes with a discussion of GFR and Hb blood tests and the teach-back method for patient education, providing a well-rounded understanding of the disease and its management.