BN17_NSG3102 Assignment: Patient and Family Centred Care in Nursing

This assignment delves into the principles and practical applications of Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) within pediatric nursing. It begins by comparing and contrasting the positive impacts of P&FCC on children and families with traditional models of care, emphasizing the benefits of family involvement and collaborative decision-making. The essay then explores the concepts of enabling and empowerment within P&FCC, detailing how nurses can apply these principles in hospital and primary care settings to foster patient and family autonomy. Through case studies, the assignment demonstrates the application of specific P&FCC principles, such as participation and collaboration, in managing the care of children with acute conditions. Finally, the essay outlines strategies to mitigate the negative effects of hospitalization on children and their families, highlighting the importance of comfort, parental involvement, and clear communication. The overall aim of this assignment is to provide a comprehensive understanding of P&FCC and its role in improving the quality of pediatric nursing care.

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Name of the student:
Name of the university:
Author note:

1NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Introduction:
Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) is a healthcare approach to plan and
provide a better healthcare service focusing on the benefit of all the stakeholders including
the health care workers, patients and their families. It rebuilds a better relationship between
the care providers and the other participants in a healthcare service within every age group
and every healthcare centre. In a patient and family-centred care, the patients and the family
members define themselves as one and participates in the decision making and treatment
process for the patient (Sharp, 2018). P&FCC acts according to the recognition of the need
and requirements of a patient ant the family to ensure safe and quality care. The aim of the
approach is to provide better health and wellbeing to individuals and their families
(Barnsteiner, 2016). The assignment will focus on the positive role and important factors of
Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) influencing the child care nursing facility and its
outcome on the children and their families.
Compare and contrast one positive impact of P&FCC on the child and family, with
features of traditional models of paediatric care.
The Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) is based on four principles which includes;
 Respect and Dignity- the principle states that the patients and their families should be
treated with dignity and respect in a healthcare service.
 Information Sharing- the principle guides the healthcare providers to share detailed
information to the patient and the family regarding the condition, treatment and
outcomes (Clay & Parsh, 2016).
 Participation-it ensures that the patient and the families are involved in the whole
treatment and decision making process.

2NURSING ASSIGNMENT
 Collaboration-it guides the nurse towards the equal delivery of care to every one
including patient, family and other healthcare facilities (Mitchell et al., 2016).
The practice of Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) in paediatrics is very essential in
medical service in various ways, such as permitting the presence of the parent and families in
the care process of the child (Walton, 2016). It is important that the parents and the families
should be involved in the whole process of care giving to the child despite of the fact that
whether they are able to be physically present. Parents play a major role in the child care
services and Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) ensures their involvement in the
treatment process and care giving. The mental, physical and social condition of parents and
the families are directly linked with the health and wellbeing of their child (Lloyd, Elkins &
Innes, 2018). The positive part about Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) is that it
ensures total collaborative process of healthcare giving in a family centre care by building a
trust worthy, clear and better communication relationship between the professionals, nurses
and the families of the child (Singh et al., 2018). The approach enables cooperation of the
roles played by each stakeholders, recognizing the individuality and the diversity of children
and their families. The patient and family centred primary care is applied to reduce the
emergency conditions for a patient. It is observed that involving families during treatment
procedures reduces anxiety occurrence in child and the parents. It has been observed that
presence of mother during treatment of child helps the process to go with ease and the child
tends to recover better and fast than others (Dudley et al., 205).
Children are very delicate to handle and can be tough to manage in situations against their
will, it is essential that their parents and families are present so that they feel secure and
comfortable and doesn’t create hurdles in treatment process. The Patient and Family Centred
Care (P&FCC) in paediatrics helps the families and the nurse to collaborate and take better
treatment decisions for the child (Ramelet, 2016).

3NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Two concepts of P&FCC are enabling and empowerment. Explain how these concepts
are applied in paediatric nursing care in the hospital or primary health care setting.
It is found that most of the nurses are aware of the Patient and Family Centred Care
(P&FCC). Patient empowerment is the upgraded capability provided to ensure that the family
and parents take decisions for the child. Proper information is the straight route to patient
empowerment. It is difficult for one to take healthcare decision regarding their child without
having proper information regarding the health condition, medications, treatments and the
outcomes which can be either negative or positive (Rao, Thomas & Narayan, 2018). The
process of sharing information is a way for patient communication with the nurses and the
health care system which improves the care service of children and their families. It is found
that perceptions and attitudes of the healthcare professionals can outline the effectiveness of
the patient and family centred care. To organize the principles successfully, the paediatric
nurses must involve in the child and the parents in every aspect of the health care process to
ensure empowerment of families and patient (Jakimowicz & Perry, 2015). To facilitate the
empowerment and enabling concept of Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC), nurses
needs to involve and guide the patient and their family members in caring, and making
decisions for the child.
Enabling is the process of providing chances for the family and the patient to show their
current abilities, interests and problems in learning and acquiring new things and habits. To
accomplish the concept, the nurse needs to first recognize the strengths and weaknesses of the
child and the family and help the family to focus on the strengths and retain their weaknesses.
It is a process of encouraging the parent about the fact that they are the one who knows what
is good and bad for their child, and encouraging them to take decisions accordingly to make
sure that it brings a better outcome for their child and help him recover from the health

4NURSING ASSIGNMENT
condition without suffering (Craig, Betancourt & Muskat, 2015). Encouragement often helps
the child and the parent to feel more self-assured in a times of insecurity. Parents of the child
are also in a situation where they require support and courage, and it is the nurse role to
assess their abilities and emotional condition and support them accordingly. Referring the
parents to some parent-parent support assembly may build their coping ability so that they
can concerns with other parents who are in the similar conditions (Lewandowski & Swartz,
2017).
How would you apply one of the above P&FCC principles to the nursing care of the
child in Case Study 1 compared with Case Study 2?
In the case study 1, Thomas, who is 3 years of age is admitted to the Paediatric Ward, as he
was witnessing reduced rate of oral intake, concentrated wet nappies, tachypnoea, cough and
gasp. After diagnosis it is was found that he is suffering from acute asthma. Thomas’s mother
takes the primary case of him and his elder brother and on weekends they are taken cared by
their father. Thomas was delivered by his mother at 32 weeks’ gestation using c- section. He
was also hospitalised in special care nursery for hyperbilirubinemia and deprived feeding.
Thomas is the treatment process feels irritable and continuously pulls out the oxygen tubing
off his face. He cries and shoves away the mask whenever it is administered. His mother in
the situation, starts crying and runs away from the room when the nurses administer Thomas
with the salbutamol.
Focusing on the current situation, it is important to apply the participation principle of
Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC) (Rawson & Moretz, 2016). Thomas here is in a
situation where he is suffering with pain, shortness of breath and also in scared being in the
hospital. He is in need of support and courage which can only be provided by his mother. It is
required that his mother should keep calm and behave strongly and stay with him during his
treatment process. The nurse is new to Thomas so she might not have much idea about what

5NURSING ASSIGNMENT
all things can be used to calm him down and handle him in such situations. The principle will
help the nurse to make Thomas’s mother participate in the care giving process and help him
recover from the suffering condition.
In case study 2, a 16-year-old boy, Alex is also admitted to the Paediatric Ward, where during
the treatment his appendix was punctured during ultrasound. He was admitted because he was
witnessing pain on the right sided abdominal, nausea, fever and vomiting. Overall Alex is
found well, he is in 11standard at school and is the only child of his parents. Alex has been in
a current state of null by mouth, is on full IV conservation fluids, and also morphine PCA. He
is very quiet and withdrawn the condition and also continuously asking to remove the NGT
provided.
He is continuously stating that he is not having any kind of pain despite of consuming
numerous bad tries of the PCA, and also he was refusing to be relocated for the pressure area
care or washed by the nurses.
In such situation it is important that the nurse should follow the collaboration principle of
Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC). According to which the nurse should involve
the family members and the patient himself in decision making (Nguyen et al., 2017). Alex
must know the condition he is in and the treatment process he should be provided with so that
he can take a better decision regarding the treatment, so that he does not face any issue.
Involving his parents may also help him as he was not comfortable with nurse washing him,
here his mother could have played an important role in helping him with the movement and
washing.
Patients and family members build on their strengths by participating in experiences
that enhance control and independence.

6NURSING ASSIGNMENT
If the patients and their family members are not provided with proper information,
properties, and not provided with any chance to decide or their decision are not respected, it
becomes a difficult situation for the patient as well as the healthcare providers in the
treatment.
The principals are more applicable in acute and critical cases where the families involved
themselves in the care giving for their child (DiGioia III & Greenhouse, 2016). The
conditions of Thomas and Alex are in a position where the family may have a very traumatic
and stressful mind-set. The Paediatric care has been using the patient and family-centred care
approach so that they can increase and develop the care giving and better outcomes for the
patients. The principles can only be application when they are applied in collaboration with
the family, nurses and the other hospital staff to plan. In order to help Thomas and Alex, the
nurses need to involve their parents and the patients themselves to ensure a better treatment
for them. Parents are the only person who knows better about their children and their ability
to take and learn thing and are the only stakeholders in their lives who can provide them with
support and courage in sever and suffering illness conditions.
The impact of hospitalisation for a child can have both positive and negative outcomes.
Discuss at least three strategies you could employ to reduce the negative effects of
hospitalisation for the child and family
In order to help Thomas and Alex to overcome the negative effects of hospitalisation,
the nurse should implement few strategies such as:
 Making Thomas and Alex’s physical comfort their first priority in health care setting
 Involving their parents in each and every step and allowing them to stay with them or
frequent visits.

7NURSING ASSIGNMENT
 Providing proper education and information to the patient and their families regarding
the treatment process and outcomes (Terp & Sjöström-Strand, 2017).
Conclusion:
In order to conclude it can be stated that, the Patient and Family Centred Care (P&FCC)
plays a vital role in developing the healthcare system as it ensures a better and helpful
healthcare facility for the patients and their families. The process of involvement of families
and the patient in the treatment process helps the patient to make them choose and get better
in their health condition. It also helps the nurse to know their role in delivering a secure and
stress free care as involving the patients and their families help them to understand the patient
and the conditions of the patient so that they can implement a better care plan for them.

8NURSING ASSIGNMENT
References:
Barnsteiner, J. H. (2016). The Leader's Role in Assuring Person and Family Centered Care.
Clay, A. M., & Parsh, B. (2016). Patient-and family-centered care: It’s not just for pediatrics
anymore. AMA journal of ethics, 18(1), 40-44.
Craig, S. L., Betancourt, I., & Muskat, B. (2015). Thinking big, supporting families and
enabling coping: The value of social work in patient and family centered health care.
Social work in health care, 54(5), 422-443.
DiGioia III, A. M., & Greenhouse, P. K. (2016). Creating value with the patient-and family-
centered care methodology and practice: what trainees need to know, why, and
strategies for medical education. AMA journal of ethics, 18(1), 33-39.
Dudley, N., Ackerman, A., Brown, K. M., & Snow, S. K. (2015). Patient-and family-centered
care of children in the emergency department. Pediatrics, 135(1), 255-72.
Jakimowicz, S., & Perry, L. (2015). A concept analysis of patient‐centred nursing in the
intensive care unit. Journal of advanced nursing, 71(7), 1499-1517.
Lewandowski, L. A., & Swartz, M. K. (2017). Family Concerns Are Recognized as a
Priority, and Family Strengths Are Respected and Supported in the Care of Children
and Youth. Guidelines for Nursing Excellence in the Care of Children, Youth, and
Families, 77.
Lloyd, B., Elkins, M., & Innes, L. (2018). Barriers and enablers of patient and family centred
care in an Australian acute care hospital: Perspectives of health managers. Patient
Experience Journal, 5(3), 55-64.

9NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Mitchell, M. L., Coyer, F., Kean, S., Stone, R., Murfield, J., & Dwan, T. (2016). Patient,
family-centred care interventions within the adult ICU setting: An integrative review.
Australian Critical Care, 29(4), 179-193.
Nguyen, T. K., Bauman, G. S., Watling, C. J., & Hahn, K. (2017). Patient-and family-
centered care: a qualitative exploration of oncologist perspectives. Supportive Care in
Cancer, 25(1), 213-219.
Ramelet, A. S. (2016). Caring for Long-Stay Critically Ill Children and Infants Refers Back
to the Fundamentals of Patient-and Family-Centered Care. Pediatric Critical Care
Medicine, 17(6), 575-576.
Rao, A., Thomas, S., & Narayan, V. (2018). Essential rehabilitation services in a rural setting
using patient and family centred care model: a case report. International Journal Of
Community Medicine And Public Health, 5(9), 4158-4160.
Rawson, J. V., & Moretz, J. (2016). Patient-and family-centered care: a primer. Journal of
the American College of Radiology, 13(12), 1544-1549.
Sharp, M. (2018). Review of: Zlotnik Shaul, R.(ed.)(2014) Paediatric Patient and Family-
Centred Care: Ethical and Legal Issues. Canadian Journal of Bioethics/Revue
canadienne de bioéthique, 1(2), 77-77.
Singh, S., Burns, K. K., Rees, J., Picklyk, D., Spence, J., & Marlett, N. (2018, March). Patient
and family engagement in Alberta Health Services: Improving care delivery and
research outcomes. In Healthcare management forum (Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 57-61).
Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.

10NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Terp, K., & Sjöström-Strand, A. (2017). Parents' experiences and the effect on the family two
years after their child was admitted to a PICU—An interview study. Intensive and
Critical Care Nursing, 43, 143-148.
Walton, M. (2016). Taking Charge: Engaging Patients as Full Partners.