Payroll Management System Development Project, Database & Application

This document details the development of a payroll management system, starting with an introduction to database management systems and analysis of different types, including hierarchical, object-oriented, relational, network, and object-relational databases. The project focuses on designing a relational database using MS SQL Server for the payroll system, outlining user and system requirements, both functional (data conservation, performance, platform dependency, etc.) and non-functional (cost, flexibility, bandwidth, reliability, accuracy, security). The physical and logical design of the database is discussed, alongside application design and the use of Visual Studio and VB.NET for the user interface. Different user access levels, testing methodologies, and system administration tools for MS SQL Server are also covered, including database security tools. The project aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of payroll system development, database design, and application implementation.

Running head: PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
Payroll management system Development project
Name of the Student
Name of the University
Authors note

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Table of Contents
Introduction:...............................................................................................................................2
Analysis of different types of database management systems:..................................................3
Designing a database management system using a relational model for payroll management
system:........................................................................................................................................6
User and system requirements...................................................................................6
Functional Requirements:..........................................................................................7
Non-functional requirements:....................................................................................7
Physical and logical design of the database:..............................................................8
Application design:..................................................................................................................10
Use of Visual studio and VB language for developing the User interface:.............10
Different user access levels:.....................................................................................14
Testing of database and application:........................................................................15
Test plan table for the developed application..........................................................15
System administration and management tools available for the MS SQL SERVER:
..............................................................................................................................................18
Database security tools.............................................................................................................19
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................21

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Introduction:
The database management is one of the most important components of the
information systems used by the different enterprises. The database is considered as the
collection of different interrelated data as well as set of other related programs (triggers and
procedures) in order to access the stored information. The stored group of inforamtion which
is referred to as database mainly contains information that is relevant to some enterprise.
Primary objective of using a DBMS in an enterprise is to facilitate the users a way to store as
well as retrieve some specific and required information which is convenient and efficient for
maintaining huge amount of data of an organizations different operations.
In professional organizations a payroll management system has become very much
important as by using this type of systems organizations can easily overcome the challenges
that are within a manual type of system. This type of payroll system is mainly developed for
eliminating the challenges that are faced within a traditional type of payroll system. One of
the main aim for developing this type of payroll management system is enhancing the current
organizational processes so that all the operations flows in a smooth and effective manner.
This payroll can be used by the organizations avoiding errors while important data are
entered within organization. This type of system is also very much user friendly so that the
users who do not have formal language for operating the system can operate this system.
The payroll management system is actually prepared for dealing with financial
aspects that are related with salary of the employees and with that deductions and allowance
are also deal with this payroll system. The main benefit of this type system is that it is very
much easy to implement.
In this paper development procedures of the payroll management system will be
discussed. For the discussion first different types of database management system will be

3PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
discussed in this context. Following that development of payroll management system by
utilising the database will be discussed. The design of the application will be also discussed
briefly in this paper.
Analysis of different types of database management systems:
Currently there are different types of database management systems that are available
in the market. The most important database management systems are the Hierarchal database,
Object-oriented database, Relational database, Network database and the Object-relational
database. In the following section these databases will be discussed with both of their
weakness and the strengths.
 Hierarchal Database: The hierarchal type of database model is actually a database
model that is used for organization of the data in a tree like structure. In this type of
database all of the data are stored as records and all of these records are connected
with each other through the links. In this database records is collection of fields and
here each of the field consists only a single value. The record type demonstrates in
which the record is consisting. The hierarchal type of database follows the rule that
each of the child record will consist only one parent where every parent record can
consist one or more than one records of child. Data can be retrieved from the
hierarchal database traversing the whole database. The main strengths of the
hierarchal database is that performance of this type of data is very much higher when
compared with traditional type of database and this data type of database is very much
easy to understand. The weaknesses of the hierarchal type of database is that
complexity of implementing this type of database is very much high. Also, there are
several of problems regarding the management of database. For this database there are

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lack of structural independence and irregularity in operations. These are the main
weaknesses of the hierarchal databases.
 Object-oriented Database: The object-oriented database is a typical type of database
which represents the data within the form of classes and objects. This type of
databases follows the fundamental principles of object oriented programming. The
object-oriented database is actually the combination of relational model and the
features and the object oriented principles. The object-oriented database is actually an
alternative implementation of the relational model. This type of database management
system is hybrid type of application which utilizes the relational database principles
and object oriented principles for processing of the data. The main strengths of the
object oriented database is that it can define own data types and there is a navigation
facility among the pointers and the tables. Also, database directly represents the
aggregate objects. The main disadvantage is that it lacks the universal data model and
with that it also lack standards. Complexity of this type of database is also very much
high.
 Network Database: Network database is database model where more than one records
and files can be linked with multiple owner files and vice versa. This type of database
is viewed as an upside-down tree in which all the member information is the branch
that linked to the owner and that is bottom part of the tree. Here all the relationships
creates a net-like formation in which a single element is able to point multiple of data
elements. The main strengths of the network database model is that it provides
conceptual simplicity, data integrity, data independence and ease of data access. The
main weaknesses of the network database is that it unnecessarily increases the
complexity of the system and there is absence within the structural independence.

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 Relational Database: A relational type of database is some collective set of the
multiple type of data sets which are organised by the tables, columns and the records.
This type of database a good relationship among the tables of databases. Here these
tables communicates and able to share the information. As information is shared quite
perfectly in this type of database it facilitates searching ability, reporting and
organization of the data. SQLite is one of the important example of relational type of
database. SQLite database management system has been developed by the Oracle
Corporation and for the development of this system two languages are used which are
C and C++. MySQL is a relational type of database management like the other
database management systems. The main strengths of the relational type of database
is that it supports the operations which are based on the set theory. This database also
provides dynamic view on the database. The security of this type of database is also
very much high. The main disadvantages of this type of database is that the cost of
implementing this type of database is very much high. Also there is various of limits
in the structure of the relational type of database.
 Object-relational Database: The object-relational database is quite similar with the
relational type of database management system but in this case classes, objects and
the inheritance from the object-oriented database is directly supported in the database
schema and within its query language. Thus object-relational database can be
considered at the middle point of object-oriented database and the relational database.
The main strength of the object-relational database is its extensibility. With that other
strengths of this database are inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism. The main
weaknesses of this type of database are the increased cost and higher complexity.
Also, other weaknesses of this database is that there is no standard query language
and security support is not present in object-relational database.

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Designing a database management system using a relational
model for payroll management system:
User and system requirements
Due to the factor of globalization and the 24-hour economy most of the organization
are looking to continue their operations 24 hours. To ensure that their operations are running
without any type issues they need to implement their own Database Management System and
with that they also need to ensure that this Databases are secure, reliable and efficient in
nature. Organizations also need to ensure that all the databases are capable of take rapid
changes. In the current situations this type of systems becoming very much complex and
managing this type of this type of system also becoming very much costly and complex. This
are main problems which the firms are facing in this case. Thus in this section demonstration
will be provided regarding implementation of perfect DBMS for ensuring perfect business
procedures of the organization.
The main user requirement for this system are the management of the database, input
data to the database and extracting data from the database.
The main system requirement in this case are the accessibility, availability,
compliance, backup and restore, documentation, escrow, portability, redundancy, quality,
security, stability, usability, testability and privacy.
While developing the database for the payroll system, there are several of constrains
which must be treated with high priority and that includes functional requirement, non-
functional requirement and the logical and physical structure of the database. The sections are
described below:

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Functional Requirements:
While considering the functional requirement of a payroll management system there
are several of requirements which need to be satisfied for the development this management
system using the database software. In this context, the important functional requirement of
payroll management system are the conservation of data, performance and response time.
With that, the other important functional requirements of the system are dependency on the
platform, requirements for the installation of core software and localization. Also, cross
system interfaces, backup and recovery and the data archival requirement are the important
functional needs of the payroll management system.
Non-functional requirements:
With the functional requirement of the system non-functional requirement of the
system also plays an important role in the development of payroll management system. These
non-functional requirements must be considered with a high priority so that intended system
can be developed perfectly. Here, the most important non-functional requirement for
developing the payroll management system are the cost of creating the payroll system,
flexibility that is provided by the system. Higher flexibility means the system will be able of
providing easy changes. This is an important non-functional requirement for the payroll
system which must be satisfied in this context. Network bandwidth is another non-functional
requirement that must be considered in this context. This is important as without having a
proper bandwidth the system will not be able to work on its full potential. Reliability is
another non-functional requirement which must be satisfied in this case for the development
of payroll management software. Here reliability is an important non-functional requirement
of the system as users of this system always expects a reliable payroll system. When an
information is entered within the payroll system it must be present within the system until it
is deleted permanently by an authorised user or admin of the system. Accuracy is also an

8PAYROLL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
important part of reliability of the system and for this the developed system must be accurate
in nature. This payroll system also must be secured in nature so that reliability of the
developed payroll system can be ensured.
Physical and logical design of the database:
While designing a database there are mainly two design constrains which must
satisfied which are the physical and the logical design. In the following section both of the
logical and the physical structure of database is described.
 Physical Database Design: Physical structure of database is crucial in this context as
it optimises the performance of the overall system while the integrity of the data is
ensured. The integrity of the data can be ensured in this context by avoiding any type
of unnecessary redundancies within data. The physical design of the database is such
a thing which need to be always ungraded depending on various of circumstances.
Here for continuous development of the database one need to continuously monitor
the performance of the database and with that integrity of the data also need to be
monitored with the time. Through this process physical design of the database can be
ensured in this context. With that there are various of factors which are necessitate
periodic refinements to the physical design of database. In this context the physical
database design translates logical type of data within some SQL statements which
discuss database for a particular type of database system. While MySQL is
considered for the project some of the important translation occurs in this context
which are entities within the database becomes table, relationship within the entities
are modelled as foreign keys and lastly attributes becomes column within the
database.

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 Logical Database Design: The logical database design is important as this process
constructs the model of the information that is used within a specific type of system
and this system is based on a specific type of data model like the relational type of
model. This systems are also independent in nature of particular database
management system and other types of physical considerations. The logical database
design is having a specific type of entity relationship diagram, some supporting
documents and relational schema. Within the logical model of data all the attributes
of the entities are primitive in nature. While logical data model is produced in this
case it must involve normalization factor in this case. Here normalization is
implemented for elimination of various of undesirable characteristics from the design
of a database. Through the data normalization redundancy within the data can be
removed effectively and through this anomalies can be prevented. Through the
normalization clarity of the data model can be increased effectively.
Application design:
While the application is being designed there are certain of procedures which need to
be followed in this case. Some important systems also need to be used while this application
is being designed. In the following section important part of the application design is
discussed.
Use of Visual studio and VB language for developing the User interface:
While developing the payroll system by utilising the database system, visual studio
and VB language plays a crucial role for the development of the user interface of the system.
The visual studio and the VB language is important in this case as this provides a simple user
interface to the user of the system. Another advantage of using this system is that
development is quite simple of this type of payroll system using the visual studio application.

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In this developed user interface the user need to enter the gross salary and the number of
weeks that an employee has worked. From this data various of important calculations can be
done regarding the payroll. One of the important in this step is calculation of the salary
deductions. Here VB can be used for developing this function and for this first interface need
to be designed using the objects offered by the VB software. Following that properties of the
objective can be set and after that code can be implemented for the interface that will be
executed depending on the user interactions. In this interface the basic inputs are the gross
pay and the number of weeks that an employee has worked. Through this input the output
that can be achieved are the gross tax, PRSI, net tax and net pay. After development of the
user interface this system may need to be edited as per the further requirement. For the
calculations different programming will be done for the user interface within the visual basic
environment.
Following are the some of the screenshots that are developed for different
functionalities for the payroll system.
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