Managing People in Organizations: Recruitment, Leadership, and Culture

This report provides a detailed analysis of people management practices at Apple Inc. It begins with an introduction outlining the company's focus and competitive landscape. The main body of the report is divided into two tasks. Task 1 is an individual report that examines the recruitment, selection, training, and induction processes within Apple. It then explores factors that affect employee behavior and teamwork, such as abilities, gender, race, culture, and motivation. The report further analyzes management and leadership styles, comparing and contrasting authoritative, consultative/democratic, and participative/laissez-faire approaches. It also delves into the organizational structure and culture of Apple Inc. Task 2, which is covered in a PPT, is a presentation that likely summarizes and synthesizes the key findings from Task 1. The report concludes with a synthesis of the key issues and findings. The analysis includes an examination of internal and external recruitment sources, selection procedures, and various training methods. It also provides insights into the impact of different factors on individual and team performance, as well as the application of various management and leadership styles within the organization.

Managing People in
Organisation

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 (INDIVIDUAL REPORT)................................................................................................1
Recruitment, selection, training and induction...........................................................................1
Factors affecting behaviour and teamwork.................................................................................5
Management and leadership styles..............................................................................................6
Organisational structure and culture...........................................................................................8
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
TASK 2 (PRESENTATION).........................................................................................................10
Covered in PPT.........................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
In organisation, managing people devised for getting things done in proper manner.
People work and spend their time at workplace with single activity. Furthermore, managing
people in the business helps to accomplish business goals and objectives in desired manner. It
arranges factor of assembles, production and integrates with several resources (Alsop, Griffin
and Smith, 2016).
Present study based on Apple Inc. which is multinational technology company and
develop their functions to increase sales of consumer electronics. It is competing with 4 major
businesses in the world such as Google, Facebook, Amazon, etc.
For gaining insight information of the present report, it covers recruitment, selection,
training and induction. Furthermore, it considers factors that affect to behaviour and teamwork.
Moreover, it includes relationship between organisational structure and culture.
MAIN BODY
TASK 1 (INDIVIDUAL REPORT)
Recruitment, selection, training and induction
Recruitment is a process of finding and attracting potential people for filling vacant
position in the business. It mainly sources candidates with abilities and attitude that required for
accomplish objectives in business (Tortorella, Marodin and Miorando, 2015). In Apple Inc.
efficiency can be develop in HR team to follow best practices.
Recruitment process
Following are certain stages follow in the chosen business: Recruitment planning: Recruitment planning is the first step which assists to analysed
and described. It considers job specifications & nature, experience, qualifications and
skills that are required for job in Apple Inc. Structured recruitment plan is mandatory to
attract potential people from pool of candidates (Chakraborty and Upadhyay, 2018). They
must qualified, experienced with full of capabilities to achieve business goals. Strategy development: Recruitment strategy is the second step which contain
effectiveness in the process where strategy is prepared for hiring resources. Hence, in this
stage, manager of Apple Inc. need to consider points such as make or buy employees,
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types of recruitment, geographical area, etc. Development of recruitment strategy is long
process to attract right people in business (Chen and Wang, 2018). Searching: Searching is the process of recruitment in which resources source that
depends on requirements of the job. After recruitment strategy, Apple Inc. need to
searching candidates with initialised. This considered two steps such as source activation
and selling. Therefore, the chosen business search their candidates from internal and
external sources. Internal source of searching is promotion, transfers, former employees,
etc. From external source, direct recruitment, employment exchange, advertisement, etc.
tools determines (Middleton, Hall and Raeside, 2018). Screening: Screening consider starts and completion of process of sourcing candidates. It
helps to filtering applications of candidates for further selection process. Hence, it is
integral part of recruitment process to remove unqualified and irrelevant candidates that
is received from sourcing.
 Evaluation & control: At last, evaluation and control procedure consider through
evaluate and control cost effectively. It includes salaries to recruiters, advertisement cost,
administrative expenses, etc. (Brennan, Mitchell and Parry, 2016).
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Selection procedure
Selection process can be successful defined for selection and short-listing right
candidates with necessary qualifications. Therefore, in Apple Inc. it considers following steps: Preliminary interview: It is one of the basic and general interview which is conducted to
eliminate candidates those are completely unfit to work in the business (Ahmad, Ismail
and Wahab, 2017). In Apple Inc., employees fit with full of potential work to fill their
vacancies. Receiving applications: Potential employees apply for job with sending applications to
the organisation. Application gives interviewers information about candidates such as
bio-data, work experience, hobbies, etc. (Baborska-Narozny, Stirling and Stevenson,
2018). Screening applications: When application received, candidates are screened by special
committee who select right candidate from application in Apple Inc. Applicants may be
selected on special criteria such as qualifications, work experience, etc.
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Illustration 1: Recruitment procedure in Apple Inc.
(Source: Recruitment Process, 2018)

 Employment tests: In this step, organisation decides suitable job for an individual to have
talent and skills. This is done with conducting different employment tests such as
intelligence tests, aptitude tests, proficiency tests, personality tests, etc. (Satink, de Swart
and Nijhuis-van der Sanden, 2015). Employment interview: Next step of selection process is employee interview. Therefore,
employment interviews done to identify candidates skills set and ability to work in the
business. Purpose of employment interview find suitability of candidates to provide them
idea for specific work profile in Apple Inc. Checking references: After employment interview, person who gives reference of
potential staff is also important to collect source of information. Hence, they can provide
person's capabilities, experience from previous place easily (Davies and Malek, 2017). Medical examination: Medical examination of candidates in Apple Inc. is also important
which assists to fit employees physically and mentally at workplace to perform very well
duties. Good system in medical check-up ensure that employee standards of his/her
health is good (Dominic and Runde, 2016).
 Final selection and appointment letter: At final step of selection process, candidate
successfully passed all written tests, interviews and medical examination. Hence,
appointment letter contains all details for employee such as working hours, salary, leave
allowance, etc.
Training and induction
Training and induction program for new member to perform several tasks and duties in
successful way. This type of method in Apple Inc. assist to play very important role in the
business. Following are certain strategies of training and induction program in chosen business: Formal or informal: When induction and training program consider informal, new
joiners put directly in their jobs and required to adjust them in working environment. On
the other hand, formal aspect, Apple Inc. conduct structured program which is designed
by management to familiarise with the enterprise. Individual or collective: With this regard, the chosen business consider training and
induction of new joiners individual or in a group (Middleton, Hall and Raeside, 2018). Serial or disjunctive: When Apple Inc. provide serial training, experienced people induct
new hire. On the other hand, disjunctive training has no predecessor to induct new joiner.
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 Investiture or divestiture: In investiture training, formal consent is given to
characteristics which individual brings in the business on the basis of high level
appointment. Whereas, divestiture training in Apple Inc. determine minor modifications
that made as characteristics of new joiner with respect to accept in the business.
Factors affecting behaviour and teamwork
In the business, there are several factors exists that affect to individual behaviours and
teamwork. It highly influences to work which affect to employees and team work in Apple Inc.
Following are different factors affect behaviour and teamwork: Abilities: Abilities are traits which learn by a person from environment in which they
work. Each person has different ability such as intellectual, physical and self-awareness.
Intellectual abilities are personifies with intelligence, verbal and analytical reasoning.
Physical ability defines as strength, stamina, etc. Self-awareness ability symbolizes that
person feels positive to accomplish their tasks (Tortorella, Marodin and Miorando, 2015).
Different people has distinctive ability so that it affect each individual and his teamwork
in Apple Inc. For instance, in the chosen business A has high level of IQ while B has
strong capabilities in body coordination, etc. Gender: From the research, it has been found that female and male can work in equal
terms for their job performances. However, society still create difference between two
genders so that it create major impact on individual and team work performances. This
factor influence work allocation and evaluation in Apple Inc. For instance, in the selected
enterprise both kind of genders encourages to work efficiently towards business goals. Race and culture: Race and culture in a group of people is allocated to share similar
physical features. It is generally used to define types of persons as per traits. It affects in
individual work because culture is defined as trait, idea, custom, etc. For example
celebrating festival.
 Motivation: Motivation is also important factor that affect to individual and teamwork.
For instance, Need achievement theory is one of the important consideration which
assists to explain certain individual those are motivated to accomplish success. According
to this theory, approach avoidance model describe because an individual will be
motivated to take important part in a particular situation. As a result, this theory able to
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explain individual who are high achievers and choose for being control and focus on
success.
Management and leadership styles
In Apple Inc., manager and leaders wok to accomplish desired goals of the business.
Therefore, they are concentrate to accomplish business effectiveness to attain overall targets and
effectiveness. Hence, following comparison and contrasting between management and leadership
styles implemented at workplace of the chosen business:
Basis Management style Leadership style
Comparison
Authoritative/ Autocratic style According to authoritative
style, managers of the chosen
business highly autocratic and
showing little trust among
their subordinates. Hence,
prime drivers are motivating
people with fear and
punishment in Apple Inc.
As compare to this, autocratic
leadership style centred on
boss. In this aspect, leaders
holds all authority and
responsibility to make
decisions without consulting
their subordinates in the
chosen business.
Consultative/Democratic style As per consultative style,
managers have substantial not
fully trust on their
subordinates. Therefore, they
are using rewards for
motivation with occasional
punishment for participation of
different employees in the
business (Ahmad, Ismail and
Wahab, 2017).
On the other hand, in Apple
Inc. democratic style of
leadership involved several
employees to make decisions.
Hence, it is centred on
subordinates contribution
towards business goals and
objectives.
Participative/Laissez faire
style
According to participative
style, manager have fully trust
and confidence on their
However, laissez faire
management style require
main two things to check
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subordinates so that
responsibility spread widely in
the business in organisational
hierarchy. As a result, main
advantage in Apple Inc.
discussion is related about job
related issue that take place
between the superior and
subordinates.
attitude and great deal of
confidence among staff. If
people possess these traits,
there is advantage that it is
well suited for chosen
business.
Contrast
Authoritative/ Autocratic style Management considers this
style to take decision on their
own behalf and without
participation of subordinates.
Therefore, managers engage in
downward communication and
limit decision making to the
top. Hence, there is one
disadvantage that teamwork
and communication is minimal
so that it is not work
effectively in the business
(Middleton, Hall and Raeside,
2018).
In contrasting, leadership also
takes their decisions without
participation of staff members.
Therefore, they hold authority
and responsibility to make
decisions on their own without
consulting subordinates. They
easily reach decisions to
communicate with staff
members and expect prompt
implementation. One
disadvantage of this style is
that more time consumer by
leader to focus on goals and
objectives.
Consultative/Democratic style In this consideration, manager
of Apple Inc. communicate
with staff members to
implement successful ideas
and opinion. With this
Similarly, in this regard
subordinates of the chosen
business involved in decision
making. Hence, it is centred
with more contribution that
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consideration, broad policy
and general decisions are made
at the top to allow specific
decisions that made at power
level. Employee participation
considered in the business to
increase positive performances
at workplace.
hold with final responsibility
(Management Principles -
Leadership Styles, 2018). As a
result, it delegates authority to
other people who determine
work project as well. It is
unique feature of leadership
that increase communication
upward and downward. Hence,
in the chosen business it
entails as fairness,
competence, creativity, etc.
Participative/Laissez faire
style
Participative management
style increase trust and
confidence among several
members to take decisions by
subordinates themselves to
share ideas and opinion with
each other. Roles and
responsibility also share
among people to communicate
their targets (Tortorella,
Marodin and Miorando, 2015).
Laissez faire style of
leadership gives authority to
their staff members. In this
regard, leader has minimal
interference which consistently
work to fulfil goal and
objectives.
Organisational structure and culture
In Apple Inc. several goals and objectives considered that work to attain desired level of
results and outcomes. With this regard, effectiveness continuously develop that assists to
increase positive performances at workplace. Hence, it includes following structure that followed
in business and influence culture within the business:
Line organisational structure
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Line organisational structure is directed in vertical relationship between different levels
in the firm. In Apple Inc., this structure has been followed to accomplish primary goal of the
business. There are only line departments that is directly involved towards different targets and
achieve significant advantages as well. In this consideration, it can be stated that line department
include production and marketing where line organisation authority follows chain of command.
As a result, it includes feature such as direct vertical relationship between different levels in the
firm.
Advantages of line organisational structure
 Line organisational structure tends to simplify and clarify authority, responsibility and
accountability relationship.
 It also promotes fast decision making in the business to accomplish goals and objectives. It is simple to understand so that in Apple Inc. it can be apply in easy manner.
Disadvantage of line organisational structure
 However, there are several disadvantages of this method one is that it neglects specialists
in planning.
 Furthermore, in the chosen business has overloads of key persons.
 When the firm grows on larger scale, line organisation become more ineffective which
create issue and problems.
Charles Handy's model of organisational culture
According to this culture, following are different aspects of organisational culture
considered in businesses: Power culture: In the organisation, with power culture held by few individuals whose
influence spread throughout the enterprise. There are certain rules and norms in power
culture which helps to generally judge achieve to done things in better. Consequence of
this culture helps to take decisions making for long term interest in the enterprise. If in
Apple Inc. follow power culture, desired outcomes gain with best long term interest in the
organisation. Role culture: Organisation with role culture based on certain rules. These people are
highly controlled, so that each person know their roles and responsibility to determine
successful position. If in Apple Inc. follow role culture, built detailed organisational
structure with tall chain of command. Consequence is that in decision making role culture
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is very painfully and less likely to take risks. It influences positively on business as rules
and regulations helps to accomplish targets in systematic manner (Handy's Model of
Organisational Culture, 2018). Task culture: In task culture, teams in the business formed with specific problems or
progress project. This task is very important thing that assists to team and often shift that
depend on mix of team members and status of problem. Task culture proves hat it is
largely determined team dynamic. If in Apple Inc. follow task culture, team may develop
own objectives at a particular risk. As a result, it influences team to work in systematic
manner.
 Person culture: In the organisation with person culture, individual much see themselves
with unique and superior in the business. With this regard, organisation simply exists to
accomplish order for people work (Middleton, Hall and Raeside, 2018). When in Apple
Inc. follow person culture, collection of individual working for business towards
accomplishment of same goals.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that managing people in business consider
effective results to attain overall goals and targets. In this regard, report include recruitment &
selection process and training and induction program developed by Apple Inc. Furthermore, it
summarised about factors that affect to individual behaviour and teamwork of the enterprise. For
instance, attributes, gender, etc. Moreover, it articulated about management and leadership style
that followed in the business to accomplish their purpose and outcomes in positive consideration.
TASK 2 (PRESENTATION)
Covered in PPT
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