Comprehensive Analysis of Peptic Ulcers: Causes, Treatment, and Impact

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of peptic ulcers, exploring their causes, symptoms, and various treatment options. It delves into the efficacy of drugs like omeprazole and ranitidine in managing the condition. The report examines the signs and symptoms of peptic ulcers, including burning sensations, nausea, and potential complications such as internal bleeding. It also discusses the impact of peptic ulcers on a patient's health and well-being, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment. The report highlights the role of acid-suppressive therapy and the effectiveness of different medications in healing gastro duodenal ulcers and improving patient outcomes. The research includes clinical trials and analyses of healing rates and the overall impact on patients' quality of life. It underscores the need for healthcare professionals to provide patients with adequate knowledge and support to manage peptic ulcers effectively.

Gastroenterology

Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................3
Signs and symptoms of Peptic ulcers..........................................................................................3
Efficacy of drugs like omeprazole:..............................................................................................5
Efficacy of omeprazole versus ranitidine for symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer.................8
Impact of peptic ulcers on health and wellbeing of patient.......................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
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ABSTRACT
Peptic Ulcers are the frequently faced problem by people all around the world. Long-term
use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increases the risk of serious gastro
duodenal events. In order to minimise the risk related to peptic Ulcer, it has been analysed that
acid-suppressive therapy can be provided so that health outcome of patient is been improved who
are suffering from peptic Ulcer. Literature review of clinical trial has been conducted for the
present research [1]. It was based on ranitidine 150 mg twice daily to heal gastro duodenal ulcers
and also clinical trial was been done to know the effects of omeprazole 150 mg twice a day. It
has also been evaluated that long term treatment was been provided to patients with omeprazole.
Routine laboratory test of patient was being done. It has also been analyzed that ranitidine and
omeprazole has shown an increasing healing effect during the time of clinical trials. It has been
analyzed that these inflammatory drugs can be taken for treatment of peptic Ulcer as the rate
related to healing by making use of these drugs has gradually increased. The healing rate was
also been analyzed at the specific time. It has also been evaluated from the research that peptic
ulcer can reduce down the health outcome of patient. In worsening condition, it is really
necessary for an individual to consult health care professional so that their health outcome can be
improved.
INTRODUCTION
Peptic Ulcers are basically the sores which are been grown up in the lining of stomach, lower
oesophagus or small intestine. The main reason behind formation of these sores are that they are
a result of inflammation which has been caused by bacteria H. pylori. This health related disease
can be seen among most of the people and is a global problem. It can be considered as a common
health disease. There are various different factors because of which this disease can be developed
[2]. Mostly peptic ulcer is been faced by those people who are highly involved consuming
alcohol or liquor on regular basis. Peptic Ulcer can impact the quality of life of patient and can
also reduce down their well-being. It has also been evaluated that people with stomach cancer
can also face problem of peptic Ulcer. In order to overcome this problem there are various
inflammatory drugs which are been developed so that health outcome of an individual suffering
from peptic ulcer can be improved. It has also been analysed that people who are been involved
in making use of aspirin and ibuprofen frequently can also go through this disease. High usage of
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this can increase risk of peptic ulcer. There are various signs and symptoms that are been related
to this disease. It includes that patient can have a feeling of burning in lower abdominal part. In
order to cure the problem of peptic ulcer Omeprazole is used to treat certain stomach and
oesophagus problems. This can work effectively as it assist patient in reducing down the acid
level in stomach. It will also protect the esophagus from further damage, so patient can take this
type of inflammatory disease. Ranitidine can also be used for treating peptic Ulcers in stomach,
the dosage of drug must be prescribed by health care professional [3].
MAIN BODY
Signs and symptoms of Peptic ulcers
In the view point of Sharma and et.al.,(2017)there are various signs and symptoms of
peptic ulcers. It has been analysed that the patient who is at risk of suffering from this disease
needs to have knowledge of early signs and symptoms related to it. This will assist patient in
enhancing health outcome of patient and also the quality of life of patient will be improved. It
has been analysed that there is an increase prevalence of peptic ulcer in the society. Drugs can be
considered as sensitive for radical cure. This is being formed inside the stomach because of
formation of bacteria known as pylori. Symptoms related to disease can be loss in weight and
appetite. This is majorly been cause to those people who have been involved in consuming liquor
and smoking cigars on regular basis. It can also be cause to those who are going through problem
of stomach cancer reducing the health outcome of patient. It has also been analysed that small
peptic ulcers may not produce any type of symptom at an early level [4].
After some time patient can face problem of boring in abdominal. Various inflammatory
drugs can be taken so that health outcome of patient suffering from peptic ulcer can be improved.
Patient can also face various signs and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, unexplained weight
loss, indigestion [5]. Peptic ulcer can also reduce down the health outcome of patient and also lay
negative impact on quality of life of people. There are various test which can assist health care
professional in diagnosing peptic ulcer. It has been analysed that care providers can be engaged
in making patient go through upper endoscopy. This test is been recommended to those patients
who are at higher risk of having peptic ulcer and already suffering from problem like stomach
cancer. In upper endoscopy long tube is been inserted down the throat in order to analyse
whether the patient is been suffering from peptic ulcer or not. So, it can be said that it varies as
per the age but main common signs are: vomiting, appetite changes, feeing faint, problems in
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breathing. Breathing problems is one of the main sign but if it not treated in a timely manner then
it can create several other problems and disease as well.
People who are at higher risk of getting this disease is above the age of 45. The treatment
of peptic ulcer is been related and based on underlying cause of disease. It has been analysed that
various inflammatory drugs can also been given to patients in order to cure peptic ulcer. Health
care professionals are been involved in providing patients with drugs like omeprazole and
ranitidine. These drugs can be given in order to enhance the health outcome of patient [6]. There
are also various other signs and symptoms of peptic ulcer. It has been analysed that because of
this health outcome of an individual can be reduced down and also it because of this disease
person can face burns in their stomach. They can also face problem like vomiting and blood can
also pass through vomit. In this disease patient can also pass dark stool or blood can also be seen
in stool reducing down the health outcome of patients. One of the most common sign and
symptom of peptic ulcer is burning inside stomach. It has also been analysed that acid inside the
stomach can make the pain worst. There are various types of drugs and medications that can be
provided to patient in order to reduce down the signs and symptoms related to peptic ulcer.
Health care professional is been involved in providing patients with various medications so that
their health outcome can be improved. One of the main use of this medicine is it decreases acid
in stomach of patients which stomach makes and due to increasing extent of this acid it creates
problems like ulcers. It has also been analyzed that this medication is really effective in
enhancing the health outcome. It has also been evaluated that there are various causes of peptic
ulcer one of the common cause if bacterium [7]. Helicobacter pylori bacteria commonly live in
the mucous layer that covers and protects tissues that line the stomach and small intestine. There
are various risk factors because of which peptic ulcer can be caused. Most people who suffer
from this problem are been involved in drinking and smoking. This can reduced down the well
being and quality of life of individual who has been suffering from peptic ulcer. Eating spicy
food can also be one the reason that peptic ulcer is been caused so it is suggested to people that
they must not be engaged in consuming more spicy food. It has also been analyzed that there are
various complications van also be faced by the patients who are suffering from peptic ulcer. It
has been analyzed that they can go through problem such as internal bleeding, for this health care
professional can be engaged in providing them with medication like omeprazole. Along with this
medication, people require taking care of themselves by having nutritional food with less species and
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light food. Because it is stated that food which contains heavy species can lead to heartburn and ulcers
[8].
It has also been analyzed that patient can also have a hole inside their stomach because of this
disease. It can also cause severe problem of abdominal cavity that can reduce down health of patient
and also their quality of life and well-being can also be decreased because of this [9]. Peptic ulcer can
also cause obstruction in food pipe, it can raise problem related to swallowing of food and studies has
also shown that infected person is at higher risk of going through stomach cancer or gastric cancer.
Various inflammatory drugs can be taken so that health outcome of patient suffering from peptic
ulcer can be improved. Patient can also face various signs and symptoms. It has also been
analysed that if the treatment is not been provided to patient at early stage the infection can also
be converted into other severe problem such as gastric cancer. Thus, leading to death of patient,
so health care professional needs to make sure that proper knowledge needs to be provided to
patients related to disease so that they can analyse early signs and symptoms and there health
outcome can also be improved. This will also assist in enhancing quality of life of patients [10].
Efficacy of drugs like omeprazole:
In the study of Sykes and et.al., (2017) it has been analysed that 86% of patients
suffering form peptic ulcer has been healed by taking or consuming omeprazole. It has been
analysed that this study has been provided that the patients has been healed within 12 weeks by
consuming this medication. The authors provide information on whether healing rates depended
on Helicobacter pylori. Further study by Michaelis and et.al., (2019) has also provided that they
have supported the safety aspects of this drug. It has been analysed that the author has provided
details that these drugs are really safe to be taken and patients can go through the process of
healing really fast. This drug is really helpful in improvising health outcome of patient. It has
been analysed that this can increase well being of patient. Pathologist has also faced some errors
while conducting the study. They have faced problem of developing development of foveolar
and also they can face issue of losing gestural glands. It has also been analysed that for over-the-
counter products and if patients are treating themselves at their own then they must require reading
and following package instructions. The author has further provided the details that this drug have
high amount of efficacy to heal the disease and also it has been evaluated from the research that this
drug has also no relapse.
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In the context of peptic ulcer which causes infection and can lead to severity needs to be
treated in an effective and in a timely manner. If it is not treated with appropriate medications
and in a timely manner then it can cause several other health problems and affect overall health
of patients. So some medications have been identified which is being majorly prescribed to
patients with peptic ulcer such as: omeprazole. Efficacy can be increased if it is being taken as
per the guidelines and in a prescribed manner. There are 2 types of people affected with peptic
ulcers who take medicines as per their own and other one who follow guidelines and take
medicines after prescribing it with doctor. There are some ways of using this oral medicine such
as:
Uses: This medicine is mainly prescribed to patients with peptic ulcer in order to treat certain
stomach problems. One of the main use of this medicine is it decreases acid in stomach of
patients which stomach makes and due to increasing extent of this acid it creates problems like
ulcers. As we all know that ulcers in stomach create several problems like heartburn, difficulties
in swallowing as well as cough. And this medicine does not only help in decreasing ulcers by
decreasing level of acids but also helps people in treating and healing damages which already
have happened in stomach due to ulcers and also prevent them against cancer of esophagus. In
the context of medical language it can be said that Omeprazole belongs to a class of drugs known
as proton pump inhibitors [11]. In addition, it can also be said that this drug is so effective in peptic
ulcer as it helps people in healing ranitidine resistant peptic ulcers. If patients taking daily then they
are more likely to improve their health and protect against pain that occurs because of ulcer. The
recommended dose of this drug to patients with peptic ulcer is 20 Mg initially. If patients do not find
much relief then dose of this drug can be increased.
People can use at their own and self treat their ulcers, heart burn by using this medicines if
they have knowledge of making use of this drug, in appropriate quantity and all. It is stated that it
takes around 1-4 days in treating ulcers and heart burn but it does not prevent patients against heart
burn in a complete manner. Along with this medication, people require taking care of themselves by
having nutritional food with less species and light food. Because it is stated that food which contains
heavy species can lead to heartburn and ulcers. So as per the Yanjing, (2019), it can be said that self
management and self care is also important in treating this problem. For over-the-counter products
and if patients are treating themselves at their own then they must require reading and following
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package instructions. It is also stated that different brand uses different ingredients so, it is important
checking the whole details given on packaging before using otherwise people may have side effects.
In addition, it is stated that if patient take this medicine after prescription that time also they require
reading leaflet available from pharmacist and if they are taking the over-the-counter product to self-
treat then they must require reading whole instructions and ingredients used in it. Patients are
prescribed and suggested to take this medicine by mouth as directed, once daily before the meal.
Dosage and length of treatment is mainly based on the nature and the extent of the disease or medical
condition. If patients are taking it as their own or after prescription then they need to avoid increasing
or decreasing dosage than directed. Not crushing, chewing or delaying in taking this medicine is other
main factor needs to be considered as it can increases risk and side effects.
The right way of taking this medicine is placing on the tongue and let it dissolve and it is also
suggested that if people use the disintegrating delayed release tablets, use dry hands to handle the
tablets then they need to use dry hands in order to handle tablets. As per the nature of disease and as
directed people can take antacids along with this medicine if required. For better and effective
outcomes people require taking this on the same time each day and also regularly. But it is also stated
that if people are taking at their own or self treating then they should not take this more than14 days
unless directed by doctor [12]. If they find any difficulties and worse situations after taking this then
people require visiting immediately y to doctor.
There are some sides effects related to this medicine and people must have knowledge of all these side
effects if they are taking this medicine without prescription, at their own or if they are self treating
because the wrong direction and the wrong way may lead to several problems and some of discussed
side effects. Some side effects associated with this medicine are:
Back and stomach pain: It is stated that if patients do not take this medicine in the right manner
then it may lead to stomach ache. In some cases after prescription and taking medicine in an
appropriate manner also, patients may feel this problem and that time they require consulting
with doctor for treating themselves against this pain and ulcers as well.
Allergies: It is other main common side effects which is associated to this omeprazole. People
may feel some blisters on their body and rashes as well and at that time also they require
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consulting with doctor. In such cases doctors changes medicine and dosage after analysing the
whole case and problems [13].
Muscle ache, rashes, painful urination, discomfort, illness are some other side effects if people
do not take precautions seriously and o not follow all instructions in an effective manner.
For better usage and preventing against side effects like diarrhoea and others discussed above
patients require taking this in an effective manner by reading all instructions and ingredients
because there are some people who are allergenic to some ingredients used in medicine. So, by
reading all guidelines and information and also after prescribing by doctors , taking precautions
they can prevent themselves. They can also treat this heart burn and peptic ulcer problem within
14 days if taken as directed [14]. So, overall from the above discussed usage and side effects it
can be said that this medicine plays an important role in treating people with peptic ulcers in
within 14 days if taken properly. And after prescribing from doctors, people can improve their
overall health by consulting other causes of this problem and taking extra care of it.
It has also been analysed that there are various side effects which can also be faced by patient
because of taking this medicine. It has been evaluated from the research that patient by taking
this medication can also face other problem such as allergies or even they can have nausea and
headache. This can reduce down health outcome of patient and also their well-being can be
affected by it [15]. It has also been analysed that because of this medication other severe
consequences that can be faced by patient is that they can also have high blood pressure. So it is
been suggested that they need to be involved in taking medication dosage in form which has
been described health care professional. This will also assist them in not going through any type
of allergic reaction and it can enhance health outcome of patient. It has also been analysed that
omeprazole can alter the gut flora and immune responses. This medication is really effective for
treating patients with peptic ulcer [16].
Efficacy of omeprazole versus ranitidine for symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer.
In the opinion of Higuera-de-la-Tijera, (2018) drugs like ranitidine is also effecting in
treating peptic ulcer but these drugs are not much effective in comparison to omeprazole. It has
also been analysed widely used in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This
medication is been continued when the symptoms are been seen. In order to compare the efficacy
20 mg omeprazole was been given to patient and on the other hand 150 mg Ranitidine is been
given to patient. It has been analysed that these courses are been provided to patient for a period
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of at least 6 weeks. In this ranitidine therapy is also been provided to patient. It has been
analysed from the study that after week 8 patient who were taking omeprazole was not seen with
most common symptom that is stomach burn while the patient who was taking ranitidine was
consuming the medication and no further changes has been seen in them. So by this trail it can be
said that omeprazole is really effective for treating peptic ulcer. It has been analysed that in the
context of peptic ulcer which causes infection and can lead to severity needs to be treated in an
effective and in a timely manner. If it is not treated with appropriate medications and in a timely
manner then it can cause several other health problems and affect overall health of patients [23].
So the treatment needs to be provided at time and also patient needs to have knowledge related to
the early signs and symptoms of disease so that the infection does not increase. This will not
assist them in going through the other chronic infectious disease such as stomach cancer. It has
also been analysed that both these drugs are safe to be taken. In some of the markets the
ranitidine is not even been sold. Various test such as endoscopy can also be done by health care
professional to know about the intensity of disease. During this test hallow tube is been passed
through neck and mouth to know whether patient is been suffering from peptic ulcer or not. It
has also been evaluative from the research that these medications which is been given by health
care professional can also have various side effects.
It has been evaluated that Omeprazole is the medication that has been considered in order
to cure peptic ulcer. This medication has been used in order to cure the problem related to flow
of acids backward from the stomach which causes heartburns. It is more effective than ranitidine.
It has also been evaluated that treatment of peptic ulcer depends on the cause of disease. At the
initial stage health care professional can also provide patients with medications and various
NSAID to treat the disease [22]. If H pylori medication is been find out in digestive tract of
patient then medication like omeprazole can be provided to patients for process of healing. This
is been provided in order to kill bacterium. It can also enhance health outcome and quality of life
of patients who are been suffering from peptic ulcer. Anti-biotic this has been provided by health
care professionals can be provided for at least a period of six weeks so that procedure of healing
can be followed by patients. It has also been analyzed that these medications or drugs that have
been provided can also have various side effects. Patient can also face allergic reactions and they
can face other problem like nausea and vomiting. It has also been analyzed that People may feel
some blisters on their body and rashes as well and at that time also they require consulting with
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doctor. It has been evaluated that omeprazole can block acid production and it can provide
healing. Proton pump inhibitors — also called PPIs can be used to lower down the acid which
has been find out inside stomach. It has also been analysed that patients are been asked to take
these medications when it is been prescribed by health care professionals. It has also been
analysed that long term PPI that has been given at high dosage can also increase the risk of hip,
wrist and spine fracture [21]. It has been analysed that as per the nature of disease and as directed
people can take antacids along with this medicine if required. It has been evaluated that for better and
effective outcomes people require taking this on the same time each day and also regularly. It has been
analyzed that there are various type of prevention which can be taken by patient while been engaged
in taking omeprazole and ranitidine. It is been suggested that patient do not engaged in taking them
with alcohol or other these type of substances as it can lower down the health outcome of patient and
further they can also face severe consequences because of this. It has been analyses that caution needs
to be taken by patients when they have been involved in consuming pain relievers. It is really
necessary in order to reduce down the risk related to stomach problems. It will also assist in enhancing
quality of patients who are been going through problem of peptic ulcer. It will enhance their health
outcome.
Impact of peptic ulcers on health and wellbeing of patient
As stated by Tien and et.al., (2017) peptic ulcer can have huge impact on health and well-
being of patient. It has been analysed that health care professional is been involved in providing
patients with various medications so that their health outcome can be improved. One of the main
use of this medicine is it decreases acid in stomach of patients which stomach makes and due to
increasing extent of this acid it creates problems like ulcers. It has also been evaluated that there
are various signs and symptoms of disease that can be faced by patients when they go through
this disease. In order to treat the peptic ulcer it is really necessary that an individual needs to be
involved in doing the life style changes [20]. It has been analyzed that peptic ulcer can be caused
because of smoking and consuming alcohol, so patient needs to make sure that they have not
been involved in consuming all this so that their health outcome can be improved. This will
assist in enhancing quality of life of patients and also their well being can be improved because
of this. Health care professional needs to be consult when there are severe signs of peptic ulcer.
In order to treat peptic ulcer various medication is also been provided so that health outcome of
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patient can be enhanced. Patient who are been suffering from peptic ulcer and have problem
related to weight changes and they can also lose appetite because of this disease. It has also been
analyzed that patient can also be involved in doing life style changes such as not eating more
spicy food. They can also be involved in doing regular exercise so that no further problem
related to this disease can be seen by them. It has also been summarized that these medications
can also have several side effects like they have cause effects such a headache, vomiting, nausea
[17]. In the early stage peptic ulcer can also be cured by providing patients with medications.
Evidence has also provided that Omeprazole is the medication that has been considered in order
to cure peptic ulcer. This medication has been used in order to cure the problem related to flow
of acids backward from the stomach which causes heartburns. This can assist health care
professional in improving the well being and quality of life of patients who have been suffering
from peptic ulcer. It has also been analyzed that in comparison to omeprazole, ranitidine is less
effective [18].
This medication is more effective in reducing down the burns that has been faced by
patient in stomach. It has also been analyzed that these medications can have side effects so if
any sever sign is been seen by patient, they needs to be engaged in consulting health care
professional so that health outcome of patient can be improved. It has also been evaluated that
treatment of peptic ulcer depends on the cause of disease. Various type of NSAID can be
provided to patient so that the effect of peptic ulcer. It has also been evaluated that both of these
drugs can only be taken if it is been prescribed by health care professional. It has also been
evaluated that patient needs to have knowledge related to early signs and symptoms of disease so
that infection can be controlled and further they are not risk of developing any type of problem.
This will assist in enhancing health outcome of patient and also there well being can be improved
by this. Patient can also face allergic reactions and they can face other problem like nausea and
vomiting. It has also been analyzed that this reaction can reduce health outcome [19].
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarised that peptic ulcer can reduce down health
outcome of patients. Peptic ulcer can also reduce down the health outcome of patient and also lay
negative impact on quality of life of people. There are various test which can assist health care
professional in diagnosing peptic ulcer. It has been analysed that care providers can be engaged
in making patient go through upper endoscopy. In order to treat this disease various type of
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