Research Project: Performance Appraisal in Marriott Hotel Analysis

This research project investigates the performance appraisal methods employed by the Marriott Hotel within the hospitality industry. The report begins with an introduction outlining the aims, objectives, and research questions, followed by an examination of the factors influencing the research process and the chosen research methodology, which includes a quantitative approach using questionnaires. The study then presents a literature review and details the data collection and analysis processes. The findings, based on the collation of relevant data, are evaluated using formative and summative techniques, with interpretations and analysis of the results. The research concludes with recommendations for further consideration and a presentation of the outcomes to an audience, aiming to enhance the understanding and effectiveness of performance appraisal within the hotel. The research covers topics such as the purpose of performance appraisal, behavioral efficiency, the role of supervisors, and employee satisfaction, providing a comprehensive analysis of the current practices and their impact on the organization.

RESEARCH PROJECT
ON
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
IN MARRIOTT HOTEL

Table of Contents
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................4
P1.1 Aims and objectives.......................................................................................................4
P1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project .............................................4
P1.3 Research methodology...................................................................................................5
P1.4 Appropriate plan for research project ............................................................................7
TASK 2..........................................................................................................................................10
P 2.1 Literature review of key references.............................................................................10
2.2 Research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification and procedures....12
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................13
2.3 Record and collate relevant data.....................................................................................13
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................16
3.1 Research evaluation techniques......................................................................................16
3.2 Interpret and analyse the results....................................................................................16
3.3 Recommendations for further consideration..................................................................18
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................18
4.1 Outcomes of the research to an audience.......................................................................18
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................19

Illustration Index
Illustration 1: Gantt chart.................................................................................................................9
Illustration 2: 360 Degree approach...............................................................................................11

Title: To analyse the ways by which organization hold up performance appraisal in
hospitality industry – A Case Study on MARRIOTT HOTEL
TASK 1
P1.1 Aims and objectives
Background of the study
The main objective of performance appraisal is to give worker feedback and find out the
employee training and development requirement. To analyse the performance of employees,
company can use different methods such as assessment centre method, critical incident methods,
essay assessment, human resource accounting method and rating scale(Chand and Ranga, 2018).
Rationale of the study
It is required in hotel Marriott because it establishes a line of effective communication
and also assist supervisor and manager to monitor the performance of each employees(Khan,
Meraj and Alam, 2017). Performance appraisal help the organisation in exercising the
management control and conduct training and development programs for required employees.
Performance appraisal helps the supervisor in promoting and demoting the employees. It is
essential process because it increases the efficiency of productivity. Self assessment is another
one approach of assess the performance level of own. This increase the strength factors and
overcome the weakness factors(Pestonjee, Gupta and Delery, 2015).
Aims and Objectives
Aim: “To analyse the ways by which organization hold up performance appraisal in hospitality
industry – A Case Study on hotel Marriott ”
Objectives:
 To increase the efficiency of productivity.
 To assist supervisor in promoting and demoting employees in chosen organisation. To analyse the techniques of appraisal using by hotel Marriott.
Research questions :
 How hotel Marriott will increase their performance ration of employees?
 Analyse the employee training needs to amend performance appraisal?
 How performance appraisal overcome the gaps between different departments of an
organisation ?

P1.2 Factors that contribute to the process of research project
There are various factors which are included in research project. While gathering the data
and information of research project, researcher has to consider various components which may
affect the process of collection and evaluation. These factors are as follows :
Purpose
Hotel Marriott will get success if it creates objectives as per the SMART criteria. Smart refers
that objectives should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time bounded. As per the
current research project is on analyse the ways by which company maintain performance
appraisal in hospitality industry have various purpose which is defined in this report. In this
sense, all the purpose should be realistic and achievable to gain success(Chand and Ranga,
2018).
Scope
Performance appraisal has wide and broad scope as it includes all the factors regarding to
employees in an organisation. These factors such as Identify the strengths and weaknesses of
employees which is helpful in increasing the confidence level of employees, assist in developing
working relationship and connection between top level management and subordinates, it also
helps in making personnel decisions such as rewards and promotion appraisal.
Interest
Interest level of researcher is depends on the behavioural activities of investigator as they
can choose any research method like primary and secondary but primary research takes long time
to be accomplished and complex as well however, secondary research takes short time and
simple to be accomplished(Khan, Meraj and Alam, 2017).
P1.3 Research methodology
Introduction :Data can be collected through various methods however, researcher is using
questionnaire to gather contents as this is the best method to gather pure and qualitative contents.
Apart from this, it is necessary to evaluate the data because it collected from different resources.
Investigator used quantitative method to be analyzed.
Research design : Sampling design trade with the tools and methods of selecting sources of data
for the research project while observational design associates to circumstances under which
measurements are to be formulated(Khan, Meraj and Alam, 2017). Statistical design is relates to

the query that how origins of data are to be measured and assessed? While operational transact
with the ways by which program of actions satisfied in the method of sampling.
Research philosophy : According to the current research on analyze the ways by which Hotel
Marriott maintain performance appraisal in hospitality industry, there are four primary
philosophies of research design such as pragmatism, positivism, realism and interpretative(Bayo-
Moriones, Galdon-Sanchez and Martinez-de-Morentin, 2016).
Collection of the data : Data can be collected through various methods and techniques such as
primary research and secondary research. According to the current research project company is
using questionnaire to collect information because this is the method to gather pure and
qualitative contents.
Analysis of the data : It can be accomplished through different methods such as quantitative and
qualitative analysis. Qualitative can be classified into various parts such as content, narrative,
discourse, framework and grounded analysis(Bayo-Moriones, Galdon-Sanchez and Martinez-de-
Morentin, 2016). This technique evaluates the information into three steps such as processing
codification, distinguishing kinship between info and summarizing the information. While
qualitative reckons the computation of variables and kinship between the contrarian in numeric
form. While qualitative data means to non numeric contents like notes, pictures and audio-video
recordings.

Time-scale
 Task Name  Dura
tion  Start  Finish  Predecess
ors
 Research Project    
 Planning    
 Finding of the
topic
 3
days
 Sat
8/12/1
7
 Tue
8/15/1
7

 Statements of
problems
 1
day
 Thu
10/12/
17
 Thu
10/12/
17
 1
 Time frame and
allocation of
resources
 2
days
 Sun
11/12/
17
 Mon
11/13/
17
 2
 Implementation    
 Literature review  5
days
 Tue
12/12/
17
 Mon
12/18/
17
 3
 Selection of
correct research
methodologies
 1
day
 Tue
12/12/
17
 Tue
12/12/
17
 4
 Data analysis and
interpretation
 2
days
 Thu
12/14/
17
 Fri
12/15/
17
 5
 Evaluation of
results and
outcomes
 2
days
 Fri
12/15/
17
 Mon
12/18/
17
 5
 Project closer   Sat
12/16/
17
 
 Giving conclusion
and
recommendation
 1
day
 Tue
12/19/
17
 Tue
12/19/
17
 6
 Results of
documentation
 1
day
 Tue
12/19/
17
 Tue
12/19/
17
 7
P1.4 Appropriate plan for research project

Activities Week 1 Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week 7 Week
8
Week
9
Week
10
Week
11
Defining
research
proposal
Defining
background
or rationale
for study
Literature
review
Deciding
aims and
objectives
Finalizing
aims and
objectives
Devising
the
questionnai
re
Gathering
data
Examining
the data
Finding
Recommen
dation and
8

further
areas to be
consider
Final
Submission
Illustration 1: Gantt chart
9

TASK 2
P 2.1 Literature review of key references
Theme 1 To increase the efficiency of productivity
As per the view of (Bayo-Moriones, Galdon-Sanchez and Martinez-de-Morentin, 2016)
In performance appraisal, they review the employee's roles and responsibilities on annual basis to
ensure that all are still relevant and accurate to achieve success and growth of the business. By
implementing 360 degree performance feedback, employees can self assess their performance
which helps in increase their weaknesses and improve their quality of productivity. Managers
and supervisors maintain record of employees performance data which made on the basis of
feedbacks and outcomes. The main objective of developing performance management system is
to create positive environment which helps in to raise the efficiency of productivity.
Theme 2 To assist supervisor in promoting and demoting employees in chosen organisation
According to (Chand and Ranga, 2018)Through the process of performance appraisal,
supervisor get the information about employees that who are giving their best and who are not
performing well. Supervisors keep up the records which made on the basis of feedbacks and
evaluation process. Manager promotes the employees who are giving their best and deserve the
top level. Appraisal may be in form of financial or non financial. In financial term they give cash
prizes or incentives and in non financial terms they appraise and give awards to employees.
Mostly employees are motivated through financial rewards.
Theme 3 To analyse the techniques of appraisal using by hotel Marriott
By the point of view of (Ismail, Mohamed and Rayee, 2017) There are various methods
and techniques of performance appraisal which evaluates the performance level of employees.
Generally it is categorized into two parts such as traditional and modern methods. Traditional
methods includes the ranking, checking list, confidential report, grading and essay methods.
However, modern methods includes management by objectives, 360 degree appraisals,
assessment centres and human resource accounting. Hotel Marriott is using 360 degree appraisal
method of modern approach. In which employees are appraised and motivated by supervisors
and coordinators both. following diagram is presented the 360 degree appraisal.

As essay method is the easier one to assess the performance level of employees. In this method,
the coordinators have to write a short essay on the other employee's strengths, weaknesses,
potential and also provide suggestions. It is simple in formate as well because it does not require
complex formates. Traditional methods are generally used in government departments in which
assessment is made by the boss. Structure of the format includes all the prospectus such as
strengths factors, weakness factors, attendance or many others.
Illustration 2: 360 Degree approach
Source : (360 Degree approach, 2015)

2.2 Research investigation in accordance with the agreed specification and procedures
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name :
Gender :
Age :
1 What is the main purpose of performance appraisal ?
 Promotion
 Pay rise
 Others
2 What is the base of performance appraisal ?
 Total output
 Behavioural efficiency
 Both of the above
3 Who rates the performance ?
 Supervisor
 Subordinates
 Both of the above
4 Is there any modification after developed PA ?
 Yes
 No
 Do not know
5 Are you satisfied with the process of performance appraisal of hotel Marriott ?
 Fully satisfied
 Fully dissatisfied
 Moderate
6 When PA is made in hotel Marriott ?
 Monthly
 Yearly
 Quarterly
7 Is process of PA is sufficient enough in hotel organisation ?
12

 Best
 Good
 Poor
8 Does it assist to increase total output of an organisation ?
 Agree
 Disagree
 Can not say
9 Is company established any expectations regarding to job before developing performance
appraisal ?
 Yes
 No
 Sometimes
10 Is hotel Marriott considers the process of 360 degree appraisals ?
 Yes
 No
 Can not say
TASK 3
2.3 Record and collate relevant data
THEME 1 The main purpose of performance appraisal is promotion
What is the main purpose of performance
appraisal ?
Respondents
 Promotion 12
 Pay rise 10
 Others 8
THEME 2 Behavioural efficiency is the base of performance appraisal
What is the base of performance
appraisal ?
Respondents
13

 Total output 10
 Behavioural efficiency 14
 Both of the above 6
THEME 3 Supervisor rates the performance
Who rates the performance ? Respondents
 Supervisor 15
 Subordinates 7
 Both of the above 8
THEME 4 There are many modifications after developed PA
Is there any modification after developed
PA ?
Respondents
 Yes 18
 No 7
 Do not know 5
THEME 5 Many people are satisfied with the process of performance appraisal of hotel
Marriott
Are you satisfied with the process of
performance appraisal of hotel Marriott ?
Respondents
 Fully satisfied 16
 Fully dissatisfied 9
 Moderate 5
THEME 6 PA is made in hotel Marriott on the basis of Quarterly
When PA is made in hotel Marriott ? Respondents
14

 Monthly 10
 Yearly 6
 Quarterly 14
THEME 7 Process of PA is sufficient enough in hotel organisation
Is process of PA sufficient enough in hotel
organisation ?
Respondents
 Best 8
 Good 13
 Poor 9
THEME 8 PA assist to increase total output of an organisation
Does it assist to increase total output of an
organisation ?
Respondents
 Agree 17
 Disagree 8
 Can not say 5
THEME 9 Company is established expectations regarding to job before developing
performance appraisal
Is company established any expectations
regarding to job before developing
performance appraisal ?
Respondents
 Yes 18
 No 5
 Sometimes 7
15

THEME 10 Hotel Marriott considers the process of 360 degree appraisals
Is hotel Marriott considers the process of
360 degree appraisals ?
Respondents
 Yes 14
 No 9
 Can not say 7
TASK 4
3.1 Research evaluation techniques
Formative technique :
It is tool which is used by supervisors to provide feedbacks to employees or give them
instructions and feedbacks. It finds out the misconceptions during the research any project.
Summative technique : However, summative techniques are focused on the outcomes of
research project. It analyses that what results has come after the completion of research project
(Shyam, Athira and Fernandez, 2017).
These both techniques are used to evaluate in the process of research project. Hotel
Marriott is using summative technique because it focused on the outcomes rather than the factors
of research project. It is necessary to assess all the results of research project because it ensures
the quality and purity of gathered data and information(Khan, Meraj and Alam, 2017).
3.2 Interpret and analyse the results
INTERPRETATION 1
From the above table it can be concluded that the main purpose of performance appraisal is
promotion which is accepted by 12 respondents among 30 targeted candidates. Manager can
promote their workers in the term of financial aspects or non financial aspects.
INTERPRETATION 2
There are 14 frequents who said that behavioral efficiency is the base of performance appraisal.
Supervisors judge the employees on their performance level which is based on their behavioral
efficiency.
16

INTERPRETATION 3
In hotel Marriott, Supervisor rates the performance. They are conducted to analyze and assess the
work performance of workers and maintain the records for future evidence and this fact is
accepted by 15 respondents which are targeted in questionnaire approach.
INTERPRETATION 4
From the above table, there are 18 respondents who said that there are many modifications after
development of performance appraisal.
INTERPRETATION 5
Many people are satisfied with the process of performance appraisal of hotel Marriott as
accepted by 16 respondents. Through the process of PA, managers promote the employees who
really deserved and this process is also motivated other workers in organization to put more
efforts in achieving success.
INTERPRETATION 6
From the above table it can be concluded PA is made in hotel Marriott on the basis of Quarterly.
Supervisors evaluate the performance of employees on quarterly basis. They take feedback and
conduct meetings in which all employees self assess their performance. As it is accepted by 14
respondents.
INTERPRETATION 7
Process of PA is sufficient enough in hotel organization which is accepted by 13 respondents
among 30 candidates who are targeted in questionnaire sample. Through this process, employees
are motivated and also influence other employees. Motivated employees increase the ratio of
productivity.
INTERPRETATION 8
PA assists to increase total output of an organization as it increase the level of self motivation in
the employees by which they work with their interest not for they have to do so. It is accepted by
17 frequents that hotel Marriott is increasing their output with the help of performance appraisal.
INTERPRETATION 9
From the above report it can be concluded that hotel Marriott is established expectations
regarding to job before developing performance appraisal. They decide the standard of expected
performance then they evaluate the actual performance and standard performance and find out
the employee who met that standard.
17

INTERPRETATION 10
Hotel Marriott considers the process of 360 degree appraisals in which employees are appraised
and motivated by supervisors and coordinators both. This is the modern approach in performance
appraisal. Customers and coordinators give information about the employee who should get
promotion according to their foremost performance by completing the questionnaire which is
designed by manager of the company.
3.3 Recommendations for further consideration
Performance appraisal is a process of evaluating and assessing the performance level of
employees in which supervisors have to face different issues and limitations regarding to
structure of an organization such as defensiveness of workers, hypercritical, neglecting the
human values, leniency, reluctance and halo effect.
It is recommended to hotel Marriott in the order to improve performance appraisal that
create a two pronged approach in its organization which will overcome the issues regarding to
effective appraisal. In addition to this, supervisors have to develop training programs which
covers all the halo effect and other limitations. The fundamental step in the process of
performance Untitled 3appraisal should be determining objectives.
TASK 5
4.1 Outcomes of the research to an audience
Covered in ppt
18

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Bayo-Moriones, A., Galdon-Sanchez, J. E. and Martinez-de-Morentin, S., 2016. Competitive
Strategy, Performance Appraisal and Firm Results (No. 10041). IZA Discussion Papers.
Chand, M. and Ranga, A., 2018. Performance Appraisal Practices in Indian Hotel Industry: An
Investigation of Employee's Perceptions. International Journal of Hospitality &
Tourism Systems. 11(2).
Ferreira-Oliveira, A. T., Fernandes, S. and Santos, J., 2018, March. Performance Appraisal of
Higher Education Teachers’ in Information Systems and Technology: Models, Practices
and Effects. In World Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (pp. 399-
404). Springer, Cham.
Fukui, N., 2015. Changes in Performance Appraisal in Japanese Companies. In Japanese
Management in Change(pp. 141-157). Springer, Tokyo.
Ismail, A., Mohamed, N. A. K. and Rayee, M. R., 2017. Relationship between performance
appraisal communication, procedural justice and job satisfaction. Geografia-Malaysian
Journal of Society and Space. 12(2).
Khan, R. A., Meraj, M. and Alam, S., 2017. IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
SYSTEM ON EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION AT KARACHI PORT TRUST. Journal
of Business Strategies. 11(1). p.133.
Mulvaney, M., 2017. Performance Appraisals in Public Parks and Recreation: A Study of
Employees' Short and Longer Term Attitudes Toward the Appraisal System. Journal of
Park & Recreation Administration. 35(2).
Pestonjee, D., Gupta, N. and Delery, J. E., 2015. Organizing the Performance Appraisal Context.
In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 19122). Briarcliff Manor,
NY 10510: Academy of Management.
Shyam, S. S., Athira, N. R. and Fernandez, R., 2017. A performance appraisal of Theeramythri
Activity Groups in Kerala. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Applied,
Natural and Social Sciences. 5(3). pp.135-150.
Wang, Z. B., and et.al., 2018. Performance appraisal for the operation and management of listed
and OTC Taiwanese companies with DEA benchmarking models. Journal of the Asia
Pacific Economy, pp.1-18.
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Online
360 Degree approach, 2015[online]. Available through : <https://www.slideshare.net>
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