Operation and Quality Management Theories Application: P&G Report

This report provides an evaluation of operation and quality management within Procter & Gamble (P&G), a global company offering goods in grooming, home care, beauty, fabric, personal care, and family care. It elaborates on operations and quality management theories such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Six Sigma, and Lean Manufacturing, and their application to address various issues faced by the company. The report discusses the scope and purpose of these theories in improving business operations, including addressing challenges like overproduction and ensuring product quality. Furthermore, it explores approaches for managing quality and continuous improvement within the organization, such as Just-in-Time (JIT) to reduce waste and improve efficiency. The analysis emphasizes the importance of customer satisfaction, employee motivation, and strategic inventory management in achieving operational excellence and maintaining a competitive advantage for P&G in the global market. Desklib provides access to this and other solved assignments.

Operation
Management Report

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................2
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................2
1. Operations and quality Management information ..................................................................2
Operations and quality Management information.......................................................................2
2.Background information of the chosen company ...................................................................2
Information of the chosen company ...........................................................................................2
3. Application of appropriate operations and quality management theories ..............................3
TQM............................................................................................................................................4
4.The scope and purpose of operations and quality management theories in the business
situation.......................................................................................................................................5
5.Understanding of the approaches for managing quality and the continuous improvement
within the organisation .............................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................8
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9
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INTRODUCTION
Quality management is the management where all the activities are performed to
maintain the level of excellence to assure about the quality of the product or services for the long
term goals. This report is going to evaluate the operation and quality management in the chosen
company Procter and Gamble(P & G) which is an American global company which offers the
goods globally in the field of grooming, home care, beauty, fabric, personal care, family care
(Malyar, 2020). The report further elaborates the operations and quality management theories
with the solutions of various issues of he company to perform better in the company.
MAIN BODY
1. Operations and quality Management information
Operations and quality Management information
Quality management is the revolutionary idea and it is a way to manage the tasks in such a way
so that level of excellence can be maintained within the organisation. The tasks such as planning
related to the quality, quality assurance, quality control and quality improvement. Under this, the
long term goals are achieved with the help of short term goals. If the companies want to perform
better, they are required to look after and manage all the activities to make the quality better. All
members of the company should work together so that the products or services can be improved
to meet the demand of the customers. Companies can also increase their competitive advantage
with the help of improving the performance. Under which the leadership plays an important role
by managing the customers and setting the objective of the company. The employees will also be
involved in deciding the objectives of the company. That will directly motivate the employees to
enhance the level of loyalty and productivity.
2.Background information of the chosen company
Information of the chosen company
The chosen company is Procter and Gamble(P & G) which is an American global company
which offers the goods globally in the field of grooming, home care, beauty, fabric, personal
care, family care. It is founded by the William Procter and James Gamble in the year 1837
headquartered in the Cincinnati Ohio. It is one of the smart marketers which is known for its best
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marketing strategies to attract the customers and reach out to the audience. P and G can also
expand in the rural market as well as it can launch the products which are high in quality with the
help of launching better products to increase the brand image of the company in the company. P
& G has a good team of different people from various cultures, backgrounds who bring new
ideas to the company in order to do things in new and innovative manner. The team supported
the company to reach new levels of the success and to launch the new products to reach out to
more people and audience. The company is focused on ensuring effectiveness in satisfying
different business and customers needs in the global market. There are different challenges
which are affected by the operations management of the company pertaining to different areas
of operations . The company intents to achieve highly productive operations which supports in
effective strategy implementation.
There are some challenges which are faced by the company including overproduction,
the need to ensure the quality products which are manufactured, and the concerns over whether
the customers are satisfied with the goods supplied, among many other factors (Brown, Bessant
and Jia, 2018). Moreover, it has a strong online presence on the Instagram, Facebook and twitter
which keep the customers engaged with the brand. The plus point of the company is that it
provides products at a reasonable price when compared to the other competitors. The
government policies of the countries affect the sales of the company. The competitors of the P &
G are Unilever, Colgate-Palmolive, Chruch and Dwight they have also launched the products
same as P & G for the home care, personal care, grooming, home care, beauty, fabric and many
others (Yu, Park and Hong, 2020).
In case of customers, P & G has to face many challenges in the segment of operations and
quality management. Some of these challenges are linked with the design of the products and ,
management of the products quality. The operations managers at P & G should take the
necessary measures to address the major challenge of quality products to ensure that they meet
the demands of the consumers without affecting the quality of the products ( Papp, 2018).
3. Application of appropriate operations and quality management theories
Quality management theories allows the company to promote a environment which is suitable
for the customers with increased efficiency and level of productivity (Mukhopadhyay, 2020). All
the companies use quality management to enhance the overall efficiency of the various processes
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to increase the profitability of the company. Three theories of quality management theories are
explained below-
TQM
Total quality management was first started in Japan to set the practises which are used to
improve the quality of products and services. TQM refers to the long term success of the
company by making the customers satisfied. Under this theory, all the members of the company
will participate in enhancing the level of the products, services and processes. In this the main
focus is on customers satisfaction that is in order to improve the overall quality various trainings
are provided to innovate the design process. TQM is mainly linked with process of thinking
where the steps are taken for both the internal and external suppliers. The performances will also
be measured to reduce the unexpected variations. It uses the different types of tools to motivate
the employees by creating a positive environment and more focus on the customers on the basis
of quality products. Whereas the employees should identify the needs of customers and try the
best possible ways to solve their problems ( Magon, 2018).
Six Sigma
This is a methodology which is used to improve the quality management of the company by
enhancing the products, services or process for removing the existing defects in the
manufacturing process.
 This methodology assists in defining the goals which are best for the company as per
their situation for fulfilling the requirements of the business.
 The needs of the customers can be measured to provide the quality products or services
to fulfil the desired objectives of the company.
 It helps to analyse the cause problem of customers so that the improvement can be done
by removing the causes of defects through new and innovative solutions (de Sousa
Jabbour, 2019) .
 The various types of modification can be designed so that the high level of products and
services will be made for the customers. The products which are still required and performed well in the external market can be
verified and approved by customers (Waleczek, P,2019) .
Lean manufacturing
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It is the production process of the productivity in which the main focus is on reducing the waste
under the manufacturing system such as the operating cost can be reduced to improve the quality
of the product. It mainly identify the perspective of the customers to understand them better. The
company also focuses on reducing the waste to achieve the high level of profits for the company
(Lee, 2018).
4.The scope and purpose of operations and quality management theories in the business
situation
The issues which are faced by the chosen company in the market are explained below-
 The pressure is pushed on the workers to work more in order to manufacture more to
satisfy the demands of the customers. That can be done by creating a transparent
atmosphere for the employees. A good connection can be made to understand the
employees better so that the employees can feel motivated to perform better and make
more production(Manikas, 2020).
 When the pressure is made on the workers to work more which can cause difficulty in
ensuring quality management of its products. In reference to P and G the main focus is
on to innovation so that it can grow more in market. The products are designed while
considering the high quality to match the operational productivity levels.
 The quality standards will also be applied in the P & G to fulfil the demands and
expectations of the consumers. Automation will also be enhanced to boost the level of
productivity and adequate capacity.
 Human resources are managed in such a way that can contribute in the success of the
company. Under which the morale of the employees will be enhanced for the purpose of
being consistent and effective. There are several issues which can be resolved if the
company has developed level of human resource with its culture.
 P & G focuses on the inventory management by matching the inventory with the needs
of company. In the strategic area, the company also considers the consumers and
suppliers.
 Being a global company, the company allows to measure the levels of productivity by
doing various tests, level of customers service productivity and the main manufacturing
productivity.
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 P & G also take care of its employees and customers by treating them well which will
boost the level of confidence in each other in the organisation. It is required to build level
of trust among the employees and customers. As all the employees have potential and are
able to achieve the high expectations of the company and customers.
 In order to boost the production process it is required to maximize the automation in the
production process which requires a huge amount of investment and a proper
management for managing the resources, time and funds.
 P & G tries to bring great values of innovation into the business by aligning the
objectives and all the strategies to add the value to the business in order to perform better.
 P & G is extremely focused on the topic of consumers by understanding them and their
needs better by creating new ways for packaging, delivery options and making the brand
more valuable.
 P & G also uses the science based approach to measure the safety level and follows the R
&D aspect to bring the positive environment in the company with high level of
enthusiasm for the new and innovative ideas. The company can enjoy a good brand
image in the market by focusing on the product design to bring more sustainability. The
customers will be drawn to the company by the new pattern of products.
 P & G targets the customer experience in order to improve the quality of the products for
example JIT approach helped the company to reduce the overall cost of resources to
contribute more to the success of the company in the market. JIT also directly related to
reducing the expenses of the budget and moreover, the company can get the opportunity
to improve the quality rate of the company. It is also necessary to make sure that all the
employees and management are involved in the process.
5.Understanding of the approaches for managing quality and the continuous improvement
within the organisation
There are various approaches for managing the quality and the continuous improvement within
the organisation are as follows-
 Just in time- This approach assists the company to reduce the over-production and
prevention of the transportation cost that leads to save the resources of the production
system. The main focus of the JIT is to identify the field of problems under the
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production process of the inventory. The inventory turnover will be increased and the
cost will be reduced. It reduces the further wastage of the inventory. The factors are
always considered in JIT such as reducing the waste, product-oriented layout, reducing
the purchasing cost, improving the material handling and looking for reliable suppliers.
The companies which follow the JIT approach can keep the stock at minimal level cost
by making proper utilisation of the available resources. There will be less chance of the
wastage and products of expiry dates and a proper level of re order level is decided at
which the fresh orders can be placed to assist the inventory management of the company
(Grabner, 2019).
 Total Preventive Maintenance-Total Preventive Maintenance is a technique mainly for
machines to make sure that every machine is able to perform its best for the given task.
The main focus is on training the individuals so that they can handle the machinery well
by being specialised in the tasks (Holweg, 2018).
 Quality Circles- It was established in the year 1962 by Kaoru Ishikawa in Japan. It is
the group of people who are involved in the same type of work for analysing and proving
the solutions to the management. This is a technique where the quality is improved by
making healthy bonds with the employees so that they can be more focused and devoted
in the work. This will directly affect the level of productivity and quality. Nowadays,
many businesses have adopted the quality circles approaches to solve the problems by
focusing on quality and performance. This is a small group of employees who make a
group together by their own wish to improve the work areas by resolving the issues and
problems of the organisation (Choi, Wallace and Wang, 2018). .
 Process improvement- This is a approach in which the tasks are identified and
analysed to meet the new standards of quality. For example benchmarking or lean
manufacturing where the main focus is on the departments of the company to achieve the
ultimate goal of the company. It is a continuous process linked with the customer
satisfaction, customer loyalty, improved productivity and increased profit (Barnes,
2018).
CONCLUSION
It can be concluded from the above report that quality management allows the company to
maintain the desired level of the quality of the products and services within the organisation. The
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report explained various issues particularly in the quality management such as the workers were
pressurised to work for completing the demands of the customers that lead to create a level of
difficulty in ensuring the quality of that product. The report also explained the operations and
quality management theories with the real issues which are faced by the chosen company.
Further, it demonstrated the various approaches in order to manage the quality and continuous
improvement within the organisation. It also explained the various issues with the ways to
resolve them.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Malyar, M., Polishchuk, V., Sharkadi, M. and Polishchuk, A., 2020, September. Model of
Operation Management Systems Risk Assessment. In 2020 IEEE 15th International
Conference on Computer Sciences and Information Technologies (CSIT) (Vol. 2, pp.
190-193). IEEE.
Barnes, D., 2018. Operations Management. Macmillan International Higher Education.
Brown, S., Bessant, J. and Jia, F., 2018. Strategic operations management. Routledge.
Choi, T.M., Wallace, S.W. and Wang, Y., 2018. Big data analytics in operations
management. Production and Operations Management, 27(10), pp.1868-1883.
Lee, C.K.H., 2018. A review of applications of genetic algorithms in operations
management. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 76, pp.1-12.
Magon, R.B., Thomé, A.M.T., Ferrer, A.L.C. and Scavarda, L.F., 2018. Sustainability and
performance in operations management research. Journal of Cleaner Production, 190,
pp.104-117.
de Sousa Jabbour, A.B.L., Luiz, J.V.R., Luiz, O.R., Jabbour, C.J.C., Ndubisi, N.O., de Oliveira,
J.H.C. and Junior, F.H., 2019. Circular economy business models and operations
management. Journal of cleaner production, 235, pp.1525-1539.
Holweg, M., Davies, J., De Meyer, A., Lawson, B. and Schmenner, R.W., 2018. Process theory:
The principles of operations management. Oxford University Press.
Grabner, T., 2019. Operations Management. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
Manikas, A., Boyd, L., Guan, J. and Hoskins, K., 2020. A review of operations management
literature: a data-driven approach. International Journal of Production Research, 58(5),
pp.1442-1461.
Waleczek, P., von den Driesch, T., Flatten, T.C. and Brettel, M., 2019. On the dynamic bundles
behind operations management and research and development. European Management
Journal, 37(2), pp.175-187.
Mukhopadhyay, M., 2020. Total quality management in education. SAGE Publications Pvt.
Limited.
Papp, J., 2018. Quality Management in the Imaging Sciences E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Yu, G.J., Park, M. and Hong, K.H., 2020. A strategy perspective on total quality
management. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 31(1-2), pp.68-81.
Online
Quality assurance: ensuring the highest standards of quality to build trust every day, 2022.
[Online]. Available at: <https://www.pgcareers.com/quality-assurance>
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