NURS12154 Pharmacology: Drug Protocol for Clinical Use & Discussion

This assignment presents a detailed drug protocol, encompassing clinical indications for use, inclusion and exclusion criteria, pharmacodynamics (mechanism of action), pharmacokinetics (ADME - absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion), drug interactions, dosage, route, duration of therapy, and potential adverse effects. It is designed to guide healthcare personnel in a hospital ward environment to ensure safety and quality requirements for administering the chosen medication are met. The protocol outlines specific considerations for adult patients, including initial and maintenance dosages, and emphasizes the importance of monitoring and mitigating adverse effects. The document also highlights potential drug interactions and contraindications to ensure patient safety.

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Clinical Indication for Use It is used along with proper diet for helping in lowering the bad
cholesterol and fats and increasing the good cholesterol in the
blood.
Inclusion Criteria
The patient must be providing a written
informed consent and must be healthy adult
with 18 to 45 years of age. He or she should
have a body mass index of ≥ 18.5 kg/m2 and ≤
25 kg/m2 and the body weight should not be
less than 50 kg. The person should have a
systolic blood pressure with upper limit of less
than 140 mmHg and a lower limit of equal to 90
mm Hg. Diastolic blood pressure should be
within 90 and 60 mm hg. The patient should
also have normal x ray, vital signs and normal
ECG. She should have normal reports of
physical examination and medical history within
21 days from the time of first dosage.
Dosage for dislipidemia, prevention of heart
disease, and others
Exclusion Criteria
The patient has a hypersensitivity as well as
idiosyncratic reaction to the study of drugs. The
patient has a history of epilepsy, asthma,
tuberculosis, glaucoma, diabetes and others. The
patient is a heavy smoker of about ten cigarettes
and he is facing difficulty to abstain from it.
He has taken any counter medications, has
history of alcohol abuse, psychiatric illness and
abnormal values of laboratory parameters.
Pharmacodynamics (Mechanism of Action)
This medicine is mainly a selective as well as competitive inhibitor of the HMG CoA reducatse that
is actually a rate-limiting enzyme that mainly converts 3hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A to
mevalonate. This is actually precursor of sterols that even include cholesterol. It is mainly seen to
lower the plasma cholesterol as well as levels of lipoprotein mainly by the inhibition of the HMG
CoA reducatse and synthesis of cholesterol in the liver. It also increase the number of Hepatic LDL
receptors on the surface of the cells for enhancement of uptake and catabolism of LDL.
Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
Absorption occurs after oral administration and maximum plasma concentration occur within one
to two hours. The mean volume of distribution is mainly 381 liters. It is greater than equal to 98%
bound to the plasma proteins this medication is metabolized extensively to ortho as well as
parahydroxylated metabolites. The drug and its metabolites are mainly seen to be eliminated
primarily in the bile following hepatic as well as extra hepatic metabolism.
Drug Interactions
Certain drugs that interact with this drug are gemfobrozil, ritonavir and telaprvir. Medicines which
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may result in removing the medication is colchicines, telithromycin, certain azole antifungals (such
as itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole). Red yeast rice products should not be taken as some
of these products contain statin called levostatin. Taking these together can result in liver as well as
serious muscle risk problems.
Dose, Route, Duration of Therapy
Adult:
The initial dose is 10 mg or 20 mg orally on a daily basis. The initial dose may be 40 mg in patients
who require reduction of LDL. The maintenance dose should be 10 mg to 80 mg orally on a daily
basis. They are mainly administered orally.
Adverse Effects
Some of the adverse effects of the drugs are confusion, memory problems, fever, unusual tiredness,
dark colored urine, weight gain, and swelling, urinating less, increased thirst, breath odour, dry skin
and many others.
Response to Adverse Event(this is directed at the practitioner to respond to an adverse event
occurring)
The nurse should monitor the adverse effects and immediately takes steps to mitigate the adverse
effects.
Discussion
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